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REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE

KV #19905-9705 PR dated 02.04.2013.

FOUNDERS

RESEARCH CENTRE FOR INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS of NAS (KHARKIV, UKRAINE)

According to the decision No. 802 of the National Council of Television and Radio Broadcasting of Ukraine dated 14.03.2024, is registered as a subject in the field of print media.
ID R30-03156

PUBLISHER

Liburkina L. M.

SITE SECTIONS

Accounting and Auditing

BUSINESS INFORM №1-2011

Pylypenko A. A., Pilipenko D. R.
Accounting in the Cycle of Strategic Management of Logistic and Transaction Costs of Integrated Structures of Business (p. 64 - 68)
The composition and structure, peculiarities of formation, methodology and conceptual base of introduction of accounting and analytic support of management of logistic and transaction costs of enterprises and their integrated amalgamations have been presented on the system base. The peculiarity of suggestions consists in the adoption of datacentric organisation of accounting process with its orientation on preventiveness of the decisions made.

Article is written in Russian

BUSINESS INFORM №2-2011, Vol.1

Litovchenko Y. Y., Kotsur S. N.
Theoretical aspects of defining of an enterprise debts receivable (p. 104 - 106)
The article considers existing in modern economic literature views on definition of essence of the conception «accounts receivable of enterprise». Three basic approaches to understanding of the given term are formed.

Article is written in Russian

Pinchuk T. A., Stefanovich N. Y.
Methodology of Control and Analysis of Accounts Receivable (p. 108 - 110)
The article considers methodological principles of control and analysis of accounts receivable. The stages of formation of policy of control of accounts receivable and indicators of its analysis are presented. Measures of raising efficiency of the system of control of accounts receivable are suggested.

Article is written in Russian

BUSINESS INFORM №2-2011, Vol.2

Semkina T. V., Sizonenko O. A., Khudoba Y. V.
Identification of Accounting As Science (p. 82 - 84)
The attention was focused on the theoretical and methodological bases of accounting. The objective was defined, the basic principles of accounting were considered. The object and subject of accounting were defined on the basis of study of various approaches. The research of basic elements of the method of accounting was done.

Article is written in Russian

Tyutyunnik P. S., Voloshan I. G.
Primary Accounting Documents – Essential Condition of Information Support of the System of Accounting (p. 84 - 86)
One of the directions of improvement of production management is the change of attitude to information. At present not only big information volumes are required but the acceleration of the processes of its formation, transmission and processing are required as well, i. e. the requirements to its quality are raised. First of all, it has to do with primary accounting information which is directly connected with the process of production.

Article is written in Russian

Tyutyunnik P. S., Sakharov P. O.
Organisation of the System of Responsibility Accounting (p. 86 - 88)
Responsibility centre is part of organization assigned in accounting for supervision of its activities. Delegation of authority over cost management to managers – heads of each centre of financial responsibility is indispensable condition of economic policy inside the organization. It is impossible to manage a large (and even medium) organization from one centre.

Article is written in Russian

Gliebova N. V.
Reflection of Financial Instruments in Accounting of Banking Institutions in Accordance with IFRS (p. 88 - 90)
The article touches upon the problems of reflection of financial instruments in accounting of banking institutions in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards.

Article is written in Russian

Goryainova Y. S., Stirenko L. N.
Accounting and Reporting of Small Businesses in Accordance with IFRS (p. 91 - 93)
The problems of building of accounting work of small businesses with the use of requirements of IFRS were considered, the necessity of making financial reporting of a subject of small entrepreneurial activity in accordance with international standards was substantiated and the form of balance and report about financial results adapted to the requirements of IFRS was developed.

Article is written in Russian

Duganets N. V.
Pressing Problems of Calculation of Expenditures in Conditions of Integration of Fruit Production with its Processing (p. 94 - 95)
The problems of production and processing of products of fruit sub-complex were considered. The basic groups of documents used in fruit processing organizations were analyzed.

Article is written in Russian

Labunska S. V., Osyka A. S.
Problems of Accounting in Cost Management of Enterprise with the Purpose of Raising Economic Security (p. 96 - 98)
The approach to building of the system of accounting as information source for determination of the level of economic security of enterprise was substantiated.

Article is written in Russian

Mаliarevskyi Y. D., Tsybulko D. I.
Organisation and Accounting of Financial Provision of Technical Reequipment at Enterprise (p. 99 - 101)
The article analyses the problems of financial provision of reproduction of fixed assets in modern conditions. The problems connected with reflection in accounting of the use of resources for technical reequipment were considered as well; possibilities of creation of the Fund of technical reequipment and its accounting; creation of optimal structure of financing technical project of development.

Article is written in Russian

Pasenko N. S., Shushlyakova O. V.
Comparison of Accounts Receivable in Accordance with Ukrainian and International Standards of Accounting (p. 101 - 104)
Accounting of accounts receivable in accordance with national and international standards of accounting was analyzed, variants of formation of the allowance for doubtful accounts and receipt of debts after their write-off were presented and analyzed.

Article is written in Russian

Pisarchuk O. V., Romanets I. V.
Peculiarities of Reflection of Structural Capital of Enterprise in Accounting (p. 104 - 107)
The article reflects the essence of structural capital as component of broader category – intellectual capital. The classification of components of structural capital with the account of factor of materiality is suggested. The list of expenses of enterprise which are reasonable to take into account as long term investments into structural capital is presented.

Article is written in Russian

Fartushnyak O. V., Bezkorovaynaya L. V., Pasichnik I. Y.
Acceptance and Assessment of Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable in Domestic and Foreign Practice (p. 107 - 109)
The article reveals the peculiarities of acceptance and assessment of accounts receivable and accounts payable in accordance with Provisions (Standards) of Accounting and IFRS and develops recommendations as to determination and termination of recognition of accounts receivable with the account of provisions of IFRS and experience of foreign countries as well.

Article is written in Russian

Skrypnik M. I.
Comparative Characteristic of the Methods of Calculation of Expenditures with the Purpose of Improvement of Management Accounts (p. 109 - 112)
The article studies the essence, advantages and shortcomings of factual and standard method of calculation of expenditures of calculation of production price. The studies show that the use of standard method of calculation is the basis for realization of proper supervision and analysis of production costs.

Article is written in Russian

Kovalev A. I., Kirsanova Y. V.
Peculiarities of Auditing in Nonprofit Organizations (p. 147 - 149)
The article considers the peculiarities of auditing in organizations which were given the code of non-profitability. The groups of users of audit information and customers of audit of such organizations are determined. The objects of audit which reflect the specific character of non-profit organizations are sorted out.

Article is written in Russian

Derenska Y. M.
The Use of Elements of Project Audit When Analyzing the Realization of Investment Project (p. 149 - 152)
The article studies the problems of topicality of introduction of audit into the practice of project management in conditions of pharmaceutical branch; it suggests the step-by-step scheme of making internal audit of a project, illustrates the instruments of its making by example of investment project of pharmaceutical enterprise.

Article is written in Russian

Kulyk R. R.
Problems of Formation of Ecological Audit in Ukraine (p. 153 - 155)
The article considers the foreign experience of introduction of ecological audit and problems of its formation in Ukraine; it studies the conditions which interfere with broad application of ecological audit as one of the modern means which contribute to effective functioning of the system of protection of environment.

Article is written in Russian

Multanivska T. V., Voinova T. S., Goryaeva M. S.
Problems of Realization of Audit Results at Enterprise (p. 155 - 157)
The article specifies the content of final stage of audit in the context of support of elimination by a client of significant falsifications in financial reporting, substantiates recommendations on improvement of normative legal base of realization of auditors’ findings.

Article is written in Russian

Ponikarov V. D., Kozhushko O. V.
Theoretical Bases of Formation and Development of Legal and Economic Expertise in Ukraine (p. 158 - 160)
The article considers theoretical bases of formation and development of legal and economic expertise in Ukraine. It determines the essence of legal and economic expertise and sorts out the basic directions of improvement of its development.

Article is written in Russian

Tyutyunnik P. S., Andryushchenko V. A.
Working Out of Transformational Balance of Enterprise (p. 160 - 163)
The article considers the balance of enterprise, comparing it with the same form made according to International Financial Reporting Standards and suggests using in practice the transformational balance which will allow to bring together the national accounting with the international one.

Article is written in Russian

BUSINESS INFORM №4-2011

Grischenko O.
Problems of Accounting Policy Formation in the Context of Globalization (p. 94 - 97)
The peculiarities of the accounting policy formation for the purpose of domestic enterprises financial statements comparability in the context of globalization have been disclosed in the article. Various economic schools thought representatives` approaches on the financial statements comparability problem have been examined.

Article is written in Russian

Lukin V. О., Mаliarevskyi Y. D., Olkhovskaya V. V.
Paradoxes of Inventory (p. 97 - 100)
There are reviewed contradictions of inventory as accounting method and as the method of economic control. There are explored legislative and normative base for the inventory, given suggestions for its improvement.

Article is written in Russian

Benko M. M.
Features and structural scheme of accounting organization in a automatization form (p. 100 - 102)
This article is devoted to theoretical and practical issues of application of an automated form of accounting. Has developed a scientific justification of the term «automated form of accounting». Justified by its fundamental difference from other forms. Generalized features and developed a block diagram of accounting in an automated manner.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №7-2011, Vol.1

Gretskaya G. N., Kolesnyk T. M., Spivak M. G.
Formation and Stages of Development of the System of National Accounts (p. 108 - 110)
Central place in international standards of accounting and statistics belong to the System of National Accounts (SNA). SNA is the most important contemporary international standard UN national accounting. They used statistical agencies of most countries.

Article is written in Russian

BUSINESS INFORM №9-2011

Abramova O. V.
On some means costs calculation in light industry (p. 137 - 141)
The article deals with features of the application of costs calculation methods absorption costing and direct costing in production enterprise, which specializes in manufacturing of personal protective equipment.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №10-2011

Buga N. Y., Gavrilenko N. V.
Before and After 1 April, 2011 (p. 103 - 106)
The article considers the peculiarities of calculation and payment of income tax dividend advance installment. It analyses the changes concerning this payment which are connected with the enactment of the Tax Code of Ukraine.

Article is written in Russian

BUSINESS INFORM №5-2012

Oliynik Y. V.
Problem of Methodology and Organization of Accounting and Financial Reporting of Nonprofit Organizations (p. 234 - 236)
The paper investigated the state of legal framework for the activities of nonprofit organizations in order to identify problematic aspects of the methodology of accounting and financial reporting.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №6-2012

Bolduyev M. V., Sergeeva L.
Considering Fractals Space and Time Derivatives in Drawing up the Balance Sheet (p. 139 - 142)
In the article the method of construction fractal balance sheet, which is the algorithm with 11 iterations. The structure of fractal balance sheet that includes the following sections: balance sheet, accounting records adjustments, adjusted balance, fractal accounting records according to local fractals, fractal analytical balance according to local fractals, fractal accounting records according to Time fractals, fractal analytical balance at time fractals, fractal balance sheet.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №8-2012

Golub Y. А.
Application of procedure of analysis of crediting of management subjects in public accountant activity (p. 148 - 151)
In the article is considered modern market of public accountant services condition. Grounded necessity of analysis of crediting of management subjects. The scientific-methodical going is offered near determination of expedience of bringing in of credit resources with a currency constituent as a public accountant favour.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Prokopishyna O. V., Kozubova N. V.
Financial and Management Accounting for Income of Travel Enterprises (p. 151 - 154)
The theoretic fundamentals of income earned by travel enterprises are analyzed in the paper. The kinds of travel rent are marked out by the role of information resources. Information potential of financial accounting for evaluating economic income is discussed. To increase efficiency of travel enterprise income management employment of retrospective and perspective informational models of economic value added is suggested by the authors.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Reta M. V.
Logistic Charges: Determination, Classification and Account (p. 155 - 158)
In the article are analysed modern going near determination of concept «logistic charges», they are given comparative analysis, investigational existent classifications of logistic charges, from point of possibility of construction on their basis of the proper system of account of logistic charges.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Shvets N. V., Brodskiy A. L.
Problem questions of analysis of the fixed assets of enterprise (p. 159 - 162)
The separate problem questions of analysis of the fixed assets, arising up in practice at his implementation and dictated the real terms of management, are considered in the article. The fallaciousness of cost estimation of physical wear of the fixed assets and impossibility of the use in the modern terms of the generally accepted method of determination of level of their obsolescence is well-proven. An author look is presented on possibility of perfection of these methods.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №9-2012

Zhulavskiy A. Y., Sidorenko N. V.
Accounting of Rent in the Value Chains Assessing (p. 234 - 236)
This article gives an analysis of the accumulation of value chains; the evolution of concepts is analyzed. The main elements of the analysis of value chains are discussed. The relationships between the characteristics of the accumulation of value chains are analyzed. The rent in assessing of value chains is discussed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №10-2012

Lyadovaya Y. A., Deineko E. V.
Determination of the Effectiveness of the Internal Financial Control in the Public Institution (p. 191 - 194)
In the article is devoted to determining the effectiveness of internal financial control in the budget office. A scientific and methodological approach to assess the effectiveness of internal financial control is based on an assessment of performance indicators of the internal controller (figures costs, product performance, quality and performance).

Article is written in Ukrainian

Sliunina T. L., Hlushach Y. S.
A Method of Estimation of Reserve of Doubtful Debts is in a Balance Sheet (p. 194 - 198)
The article investigates the problems of the assessment of the accounts receivables in the balance sheet of the company, examines various methods of of indefinite debt formation, idetifies their drawbacks and advantages.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №11-2012

Andrusyak V. N.
Evolution of the Formation and Development of Management Accounting (p. 233 - 236)
The article considers the conditions of formation and development of management accounting. Based on the analysis of performed analyze it was proposed to allocate seven stages of historical development of management accounting: the primitive world, the ancient world, the ancient world, the Middle Ages, modern times, industrial and modern stage.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Gliebova N. V.
Disclosure in the Financial Statement of the Banking Institution in Accordance with IFRS and Basel Committee (p. 236 - 240)
The paper analyzes the main differences between IFRS and Basel Committee on Banking Supervision at the preparation of the financial statements, identified challenges and the way forward in disclosing information in accordance with IFRS.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Kurgan N. V., Luchaninova A. S.
Strategic Management of Intangible Results of Innovation of the Company and the Cost of it’s Creating (p. 241 - 245)
The article proposed to introduce a Strategic Managerial Accounting of innovations for improve the Financial Accounting and for preserve his value optimum information system for progressive innovative enterprises. The reasons for the limited Financial Accounting of intangible resources were studied. The tasks of Strategic Managerial Accounting were identified, given the information needs of management of innovation costs.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Leonova Y. A.
Accounting Problems of Logistics Costs for Domestic Enterprises (p. 245 - 247)
In article the directions of the solution of problems of the accounting of logistical expenses at the domestic enterprises are defined, namely: it is necessary to enter into book of accounts of accounting of the subaccount for the accounting of logistical expenses, to organize the analytical account for subaccounts of logistical expenses on business processes and to carry out continuous control of the accounting of logistical expenses.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №12-2012

Pylypenko A. A., Pilipenko S. N.
The Balanced Scorecard Using as a Tool for Management Consulting (p. 238 - 241)
The article contains the results of studying characteristics of the consulting market in the sphere of management process organizing. The role of management consultancy for improve the company efficiency is determined. The feature of using the balanced scorecard as consulting services is considered. The article highlights sequence and main problems of balanced scorecard implementing.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Kosata I. A.
Some Problems of the Accounts Receivable in Ukraine (p. 242 - 245)
In article the current state was in details analyzed and defined the main problems of the methodology receivable in Ukraine. The author was proposed some directions for the effective solution of problems in management of the accounts receivable, which was are directed on formation of reliable information for administration of enterprise, terms of the possibility its specification or generalizations depending on the chosen criteria.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Multanivska T. V., Goryaeva M. S.
Using the Representations of Management Personnel Client as Audit Evidence to Improve the Quality of Audit (p. 245 - 248)
In the article it has been define more exactly and grounded the theoretical and practical aspects of communication with the auditor's management personnel in the form of a client receiving assurances to achieve the improvement of quality of audit evidence. Set out in article features to communicate with client management personnel at the stage of the audit will help more objectively influence the content, form and timing of the report of the independent auditor.

Article is written in Russian

Hlushach Y. S.
Regulation of the Accounting Issues of the Rental Operations With the Fixed Assets According to the Changes in Legislation (p. 249 - 252)
The article examines theoretical and methodological issues on accounting of the certain rental operations of fixed assets from an individual in accordance with the provisions of the Tax Code of Ukraine; the comparability of the provisions of the Tax Code of Ukraine and other normative and legal acts on the subject of their application in the accounting practice with regard to the calculation reflection of the taxation of an income of the individual received from the offering for operating lease of his/her own property is analyzed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Kreshchenko O. V.
Methodological and Methodical Principles of the ABC-approach as a Universal Mechanism for the Analysis of Commodity Stocks (p. 253 - 258)
The article shows the relevance of research of methodological and methodical foundations of the ABC-approach as in connection with the need to control in the modern retail sector a large number of varieties of the product range and in connection with introduction in practice of category management. Also it was discussed the methodological aspects of the essence of the ABC-approach as a universal mechanism for the analysis of categories of commodity stocks. It was defined particular features of ABC-approach and semantic twins: ABC-analysis as a method of classification and ABC-analysis as a method of accounting for and control of stocks. The author suggests the system model management categories (reserves) according to the ABC-approach.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Matyushchenko S. S., Tsybulko D. I.
Current Issues of Accounting and Evaluation of Intangible Assets (p. 259 - 261)
The paper considers some problems of the assess and correctness of accounting intangible assets, as well as arising from this negative phenomenon. It is concluded that the domestic of intangible assets requires improvement based on international experience. Also it should be improved the method of the independent evaluation of intangible assets and development of the primary documentation for the accounting of the asset.

Article is written in Russian

BUSINESS INFORM №1-2013

Bielova I. V., Koreneva O. G., Sysoeva L. Y.
The Need for Improved Control of Banks on Financial Statement Presentation (p. 239 - 245)
The article investigates the consequences of distorted reporting of Ukrainian banks. The financial statements of liquidated Ukrainian banks, in which was introduced the temporary administration, was analyzed. Revealed that compiled financial reporting in the liquidated banks do not fully disclosed their real financial statement. The necessity of improving of the system for control the transparency and quality of financial reporting in banks is formulated. The practical tools of the influence measures implementation by the supervisory authorities for banks which violate the NBU requirements in the disclosure of financial reporting, are proposed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Gorobynska M. V., Gil S. Y.
The Problems of Synthesis of Binary Correlation of Scientific Concepts of Value and the Worth in the Theory of Estimation Activities (p. 245 - 248)
The problem of the of binary correlation synthesis of scientific concepts of value and worth in the domestic assessment standards has been considerate. The procedure of elimination of value and binary correlation cyntecic destruction concept has been proposed. The scientific worth concept will dominate, as a result of it in the theory and standards of estimation activities.

Article is written in Russian

Yefremova L. V., Yefremov S. L.
Problems of Improving the Methodology and Organization Assessment of Property (p. 249 - 251)
In the article have been investigated problems of further institution evaluation development in Ukraine in directions of development and improvement of the legislative, legal and regulatory framework of reference market evaluation services; Theory, methodology and practice evaluation process different kinds of property, organizing and creating a database assessment activities for families, property, creating new information base appraiser have been discussed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Lukin V. О., Mаliarevskyi Y. D., Olkhovskaya V. V.
Formation Programs for Accountants in Universities of Ukraine (p. 252 - 257)
The article describes the approaches to the formation of the training of accountants in Ukraine. The analysis of the regulatory disciplines of education and professional programs bachelors in accounting and auditing have been executed. Ways of improving training component of OPP and curricula are offered. The approach to the implementation of economic specialization by industry knowledge, which defines the accounting profession in accordance with the classifier DK 003:2010 have been presented and illustrated.

Article is written in Russian

Mokhnyak V. S., Bachinskiy V. I.
Organization of the System of Internal Control in Credit Unions (p. 258 - 261)
Regulation and features of the internal control system of Ukrainian credit unions are considered in the article. Control after financially economic activity of credit union is carried out by the Checkup committee the members of which work on the public beginnings. Credit unions for the leadthrough of internal audit can create department of internal audit, which must report to Observant advice. Such organization of the internal checking system appeared uneffective, as principle of independence does not stick to. Bringing in Observant advice the special worker – competent independent specialist is one of ways of improvement of the internal checking system in credit unions.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Pylypenko L. M., Demskaya Y. V.
The Impact of Regulatory Balance Sheets on the Format of Financial Statements (p. 261 - 265)
The reasons for appearing and using of regulatives in accounting are described. The unction of some modern regulatory balance sheets is critically analyzed and their impact on the assessment of financial-property status of enterprise is researched in this article.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №2-2013

Andrenko O. A., Mordovtsev S. M.
Methods of Attributive Sampling Research in Audit (p. 200 - 203)
The article substantiates a necessity to apply statistical approach to formation of auditing sampling. It draws a conclusion about a necessity to regularly conduct, within the framework of internal audit, an attributive sample examination of documents even in the event of complete automation of documents circulation and accounting in a company. The proposed technique allows identification of the volume of sampling and upper limit of accuracy with the use of statistical methods of assessment of the universal set of documents.

Article is written in Russian

Demidenko L. P.
Accounting and Accounting Policy (p. 204 - 208)
The article considers essence and contents of accounting policy. Its provides information with respect to main aspects of formation and application of accounting policy in Ukraine. It studies the structure of regulations on accounting policy that were developed in a company. It specifies correlation of accounting policy and organisation of accounting. It explains the determining role of the top manager and chief accountant in formation of accounting policy of a company. It identifies regulation of main components of accounting policy. It justifies interrelation of accounting and accounting policy.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Doroshenko O. O.
Transformation of Objects of Accounting in Budget Funded Institutions in the Context of Modernisation of Accounting in the State Sector (p. 209 - 211)
The article is devoted to consideration of main changes that would take place in accounting system in budget financed institutions after introduction of National Regulations (standards) of accounting in the state sector. Its urgency is justified by large-scale reformation of accounting in the state sector. The author describes issues of transformation of objects of accounting from the point of view of assets, own capital, liabilities, proceeds and expenses. Changes touch both appearance of new objects of accounting, not typical for budget financed institutions in the past, and rearrangement of enlarged objects. The said changes are compared with provisions of international standards of accounting in the state sector.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Paskalova A. G.
Classification of Expenditures of a Company in Accordance with Functions and Tasks of Controlling (p. 212 - 217)
The article substantiates a necessity of classification of expenditures by various criteria with the aim to create an information base for decision making. It conducts comparison of various approaches to classification of expenditures. It analyses domestic and foreign experience and offers a tailor-made approach to classification of expenditures in accordance with functions and tasks of controlling in a company, which would allow acceleration of the process of selection of classification properties for making a specific managerial solution and to optimise the process of expenditure control.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Popko Y. Y.
Development of a Methodology of Assessment in Accounting: Institutional Approach (p. 218 - 222)
The article thoroughly studies development of a methodology of assessment in accounting. The goal of the article is to justify priority nature of institutional interest in economic essence of specific assessment and reducing dependence of development of methodology of assessment from institutional competition of economic agents and institutional groups of the socio-economic environment. It shows that modern perception of assessment in accounting is narrow and requires re-consideration due to a set of basic provisions of institutional theory. Institutional approach allows making a conclusion that the problem of development of methodology of cost assessment goes beyond the limits of accounting system and lies not only in selection of a method of its carrying out, but also in understanding of what stimulates this selection and what are its consequences. It proves that any assessment contains interest of a certain economic agent (institutional group), which is the institutional motivation of development of methodology of assessment.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №3-2013

Ivanova L. B.
Theoretical Foundations of Determination of Doubtful and bad Debts under Conditions of Anti-Crisis Measures (p. 286 - 292)
The article shows the reasons of the necessity to study methodology of determination of doubtful and bad debts. It states that unlike bad debts, characteristics of which are mostly defined in legislative and regulatory documents, characteristics of doubtful debts are not specifically defined. That is why it studies in detail the norms of not only national accounting standards but also norms of the Tax Code of Ukraine, legislative norms subordinate to Tax Code and also recommendations of the international accounting standard 39 “Financial instruments: Recognition and Measurement”. It reckons that the characteristics of doubtful debts acquire special importance in the process of anti-crisis management, since the general order of writing off doubtful debts cannot be applied in this case. The article provides a list of characteristics of doubtful debts, the order of which is built depending on the weight of factors that influence the financial state of the subject-debtor in the real sector of economy, with the purpose of formation of reserve of doubtful debts in accounting and improvement of orders of restructurisation and writing off debts on the basis of legislative and regulatory norms.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №4-2013

Slobodyanik Y. B.
Types and Forms of the State Audit (p. 351 - 356)
The article analyses existing approaches to identification of types and forms of the state audit. Scientifically substantiated classification of types and forms of the state audit would allow correct understanding of its content, functions and prospects of development. Author’s understanding of types and forms of the state audit is substantiated on the basis of philosophical meaning of “type” and “form” notions. The article offers to use the presented classification when developing legislative and regulatory acts in the sphere of control of state finances.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Teslenko T. I., Konkova N. V.
Accounting of Financial Results: Problems and Ways of Perfection (p. 356 - 360)
The topic of financial results of activity of a company is always topical and often discussed by scientists and experts in the field of economy and management of a company. The article provides analysis of various approaches to explanation of the “financial result” notion. It studies classification of financial results. It considers the order of reflection of formation of a financial result of a company in accounting and provides proposals on its perfection, in particular, introduction of sub-accounts to the profit and loss account by various types of activity. Such a classification of financial results by types of activity on account 44 “Undistributed profit (uncovered losses)” would allow control of influence of results of a separate type of activity on the total result of activity of a company. This would provide information to insiders for making managerial decisions on improvement of results in a specific direction of economic activity.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Gogol T. A.
Double Entry in Accounting of Small Businesses (p. 361 - 366)
The article states that a separate category of small businesses (starting from 2011) acquired the right to conduct simplified accounting of income and expenses without application of the plan of accounts and method of double entry. Analysis of literature sources allowed drawing a conclusion that it is impossible to imagine development of accounting without the use of the method of double entry and appearance of various theories regarding the reasons of its appearance. Having analysed methods of Methodical Recommendations No. 720, which allow accounting without the use of the method of double entry, it was proved that each economic operation is reflected in two logs (and in statements – in the event of bigger detailed elaboration), which testifies to application of the method of double entry for reflection of economic operations. Simplified accounting registers differ from the common ones, since they do not contain common accounting concepts – debit and credit, but only main economic concepts: reduction, retirement, receipt and writing-off. Application of the double entry method in the result of accounting economic operations allows tracing changes in assets and liabilities accounts and income and expenses accounts, which allows fast and quality preparation of accounting reports and getting a wider spectrum of information for satisfaction of needs of external and internal users of economic information. Consequently, solution of the task of perfection of methodology of accounting for the subjects of small business through the use of the accounting form, which does not envisage double entry, facilitated development and introduction of a set of new regulatory and legal documents and introduction of changes into existing ones. However, the issue of cancelling the method of double entry in organisation of accounting for small businesses stays unsolved and requires further study.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №5-2013

Leonova Y. A.
Specific Features of Accounting Fixed Assets in a Company (p. 298 - 302)
The article studies economic essence of fixed assets of a company and conducts analysis of their essence by different authors. It describes main methods of depreciation of fixed assets. It reveals differences between new and old Tax Code with respect to fixed assets accounting. On the one hand, introduction of the Tax Code simplifies work of book keepers, approximating tax accounting to book accounting, on the other hand, rises many currently unclear questions when calculating taxable income in a transition period. The article establishes that the new order of tax accounting of fixed assets is significantly different from the one we are used to. If we assess it in general, it is necessary to note the lawmaker effort to maximally approximate it to book accounting of fixed assets, which could be traced in unification of terms.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №6-2013

Geyer E. S.
Deferred Taxes on Operations With the Capital: Acceptance and Accounting (p. 313 - 319)
The article analyses requirements of the national standards of accounting and international standards of fiscal accounting in application of the mechanism of deferred taxes that ensures reflection of the current and future tax consequences of economic operations of a company and envisages provision of information about deferred taxes in financial reports. It justifies that accounting of tax consequences of operations and other events should be carried out in the same manner as the accounting of the operations and events is carried out. It identifies possible methods of reflection of deferred taxes: in profits (losses), in other aggregate profit, in own capital items and in goodwill. It considers approaches to acceptance of deferred taxes by operations, which are reflected by items of the capital on the example of re-evaluation of fixed assets. It formulates directions of improvement of the legislation and provides recommendations on accounting of deferred taxes in the moment of re-evaluation of the objects of fixed assets and also gradual transferral of the sum of increase in the value of fixed assets to the undistributed profit and writing-off the deferred tax liability, realisation of which would allow increase the quality of fiscal accounting.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Gogol T. A.
Analysis in the System of Accounting and Analytical Provision of Small Businesses (p. 319 - 324)
The article justifies that analysis of financial and economic activity in small businesses is an important component of accounting and analytical provision and promotes stable development and expansion of activity under modern economic conditions. It also identifies the place of economic analysis in the system of managing small businesses and develops a scheme of interconnection of accounting and analysis with relevant movement of economic information and their influence on making managerial decisions by company leaders. Moreover, it considers organisation of economic analysis in small businesses, marks out separate sub-functions of organisation of economic analysis and a necessity of development of a programme or plan of carrying out analysis with consideration of goals and tasks of the management system. It marks out factors that influence financial stability of subjects of small entrepreneurship and also conducts a generalised classification of indicators of activity with consideration of the type of a participant of market relations and information requirements of different users.

Article is written in Russian

Ostapenko T. M.
Losses: Recognition Criteria, Category Features, Interpretation (p. 325 - 329)
The article solves the confusion with respect to simultaneous use of the terms “expenditures” and “losses” – by means of the study of processes, which cause their formation. Different modern interpretations of the “costs” category are considered. The article provides the author’s interpretation of the “expenditures” notion. It offers the author’s own view of losses and expenditures in the system of the company economy. Features of the “losses” category and criteria of recognition of losses are provided with the aim to specify such a group of indicators as losses and also for better essential understanding (interpretation). Criteria of recognition of losses include: absence of their purpose, unpredictability of appearance, stipulation by risks of owning property, non-advent (non-expectation of advent) of a positive economic effect for a company. It is offered to include the following into the features of the “losses” category: loss of own cost by assets or liabilities, which is caused by factors that indicate that effectiveness of assets, liabilities and receivables is or will be worse than it was expected, also expression of reduction of value of inventory holdings, investments, assets or liabilities, absence of direction of their appearance (benefits).

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №7-2013

Kaminska T. H.
Modelling Capital Turnover for Application in Accounting (p. 256 - 263)
The article offers a complex mathematical model of an enterprise capital turnover with consideration of the time factor. It conducts analysis of studies and publications of domestic and foreign scientists on this subject. It uses differential dependencies between the studied indicators in the built model. It provides a decision of the differential equation of dependence of the capital on time at different levels of investments into equity. The model takes into consideration a possibility of investing a part of profit into means of production. The article considers fixed assets, number of employees and volume of production of the agrarian sector of Ukrainian economy as an example of effectiveness of the use of capital. It shows that the real growth of production (3% per annum) is explained by restructuring of production connected with reduction of a number of employees. Namely the process of restructuring ensures growth of the volume of production. As regards fixed assets, their contribution is positive but insignificant, which is explained by the absence of systematic depreciation of worn-out and outmoded means of production.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Kuznetsova L. N.
Applying Benchmarking in Audit (p. 264 - 268)
The article considers possibilities of the use of benchmarking when rendering other services to auditing organisations. Under conditions of knowledge economy, the benchmarking is an agent of distribution of various knowledge, including special knowledge of accounting. Auditing companies can render such benchmarking services as: comparison of indicators of activity of economic subjects, assessment of systems of accounting and revelation of problematic points of such systems, and formation of reference business processes of accounting. The article justifies a legislative possibility and economic necessity of the use of benchmarking in activity of auditing firms.

Article is written in Russian

Sazhynets S. I., Trofymchuk V. Y.
Documentary Provision of Accounting of Depreciation of Capital Assets of an Enterprise (p. 269 - 276)
The article underlines the role of depreciation in the process of formation of cost of the sold products and taxable profit of an enterprise. It provides a brief characteristic of depreciation methods, envisaged in the Tax Code of Ukraine and national standards of accounting and points at their individual differences and provides algorithms of charging. Specific templates of primary accounting documents are proposed for each of the methods of depreciation of capital assets and examples of their filling are given.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №8-2013

Kachalay V. V.
Kaizen Costing: Experience and Prospects of Implementation at Industrial Enterprises of Ukraine (p. 273 - 277)
The article focuses on a necessity to apply effective methods of cost accounting of products for gaining competitive advantages by the Ukrainian industrial enterprises in the world market of goods and services. It describes the essence of the kaizen costing as a process of continuous and gradual improvement and also identifies factors, which de-stimulate rapid propagation of these methods of cost accounting at domestic enterprises. It provides experience of its implementation at the Ukrainian company Coca-Cola Beverages Ukraine, in particular, marks out three key principles, which formed the basis of its successful implementation. It offers to make amendments to Article 364 of Methodical Recommendations on Formation of Cost of Products (works, services) in Industry. It conducts a comparative analysis and establishes a functional interconnection between the kaizen costing and such methods of cost accounting of industrial products as standard costing, target costing and “just in time” approach. It develops a model of an optimal system of cost accounting of products of industrial enterprises on the basis of the results of the study.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №9-2013

Multanivska T. V., Voinova T. S.
Development of an Approach to Improvement of Organisation of the Auditing Process (p. 246 - 253)
The article justifies expediency of accounting when determining the essence of the auditing process and its orientation at achievement of the goal identified by MSA. It shows that achievement of this goal passes a number of intermediary goals, which identify essence of each of the stages of the auditing process. Such an approach allows more accurate structuring of the auditing process, re-consideration of its essence and consequence of the progress of stages in accordance with specifications of needs of users connected with a necessity to respond to challenges of the economic practice. The article justifies urgency of supplementing stages of the auditing process through allocation of the “interaction between the auditor and managerial personnel” stage due to significance of conducted procedures both for achievement of mutual understanding between the participants of the auditing process and for realisation of goals of these participants. The article defines the “organisation of the auditing process” notion, which creates prerequisites for ensuring a more rational approach to solution of a number of theoretical and practical problems of ensuring proper interaction in the auditing process.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Ryadska V. V.
Development of Ideas on the Essence of Audit (p. 254 - 258)
The article analyses the essence of audit as a professional practice, which appeared and is developed in the system of triangular relationship. It considers triangular relationship as an objective form of audit existence. This approach allowed tracing changes in understanding audit in connection with changes of the character of relations, which are established between the user and responsible party. Main metamorphoses occur in the result of development of property relationship and control relationship from the direction of the user towards the responsible party. Implementation of audit in the countries of post-totalitarian economy took place under conditions that correspond with a low level of organisation of “user – responsible party” relationship, namely: domination of property relationship and direct control of users with respect to the responsible party. This type of organisation of “user – responsible party” relationship had an objective consequence of formation of audit tasks through delegation of a part of control functions to an independent subject – auditor. This explains the method of separation of audit from other types of control through application of the “independent” property in wording of its essence. Development of “user – responsible party” relationship resulted in loss of property relationship and control relationship. This type of relationship forms a new content of audit tasks – reduction of information risks through conduct of independent assessment of financial information. Thus, the article identifies a conflict between historical views on audit as a form or method of independent financial control and its actual state as a form of assessment of financial information and method of reduction of information risks.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Dashkevych O. Y.
Harmonisation of Business and Tax Accounting – the Basis of Efficient Control of Expenditures in the Context of Taxation (p. 259 - 263)
The goal of the article is formulation and justification of directions of harmonisation of business and tax accounting with the purpose of optimisation of the process of control of expenditures in the context of taxation. Having analysed, systemised and generalised achievements of the researchers that dealt with the problems of harmonisation of tax and business accounting of expenditures, the article considers existing problems of practical and theoretical character connected with control of expenditures in the context of taxation. In the result of the study the article specifies directions of harmonisation of tax and business accounting of expenditures, namely: it reveals problems with discrepancy between acceptance of expenditures in business and tax accounting; its conducts comparison of cost structures, which are formed in the business and tax accounting in the context of taxation; it reveals discrepancies in the concept mechanism approved by regulatory acts of the business and tax accounting; it points out a necessity of correcting the system of registers, intended for accounting and control of expenditures, with the aim to optimise and increase the control level. In the result of the conducted study the article offers: in order to harmonise and identify the existing tax base – to approve at the legislative level and for practical use the unifying notion “cost of finished / sold products (goods, works or services)”; in order to avoid appearance of “tax differences” – to integrate Tax Code of Ukraine, National Provisions (Standard) of Accounting into a uniform regulatory act; in order to optimise and increase the level of control of expenditures – to identify variants of optimisation of the system of registers intended for business accounting and tax control.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №10-2013

Dikan L. V., Deineko E. V.
Organisation of Internal Control in a Budget Institution: Applied Aspect (p. 296 - 301)
The article proves urgency and necessity of organisation of internal control in budget institutions. It graphically depicts a general structure of the organisation of internal control in budget institutions. It offers and substantiates a model of organisation of internal control in budget institutions. It proves that the key principles of organisation of internal control in budget institutions are principles of effectiveness and efficiency. Moreover, the effectiveness principle is connected with identification of an optimal number and the most expedient composition of the internal control department in a budget institution. Using economic and mathematical methods, the article calculates an optimal number and composition of such a department. It makes a conclusion that the internal control department of a budget institution should include 2 controllers of the third type and 2 controllers of the fifth type, while it is not expedient to include controllers of the first, second and fourth types. Besides, the wages fund should be minimal – UAH 6,800 per month.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Ryadska V. V.
Study of Modern Problems of the Theory of Audit as a Compound System of Economic Sciences (p. 301 - 305)
The article conducts analysis of essence of audit as an independent science in the system of economic sciences. Opinions of scientists regarding the form of audit existence in the system of economic sciences have two polar points of view. The first one is based on the fact that audit is a part of the science on economic control and factually cannot be considered as an independent science. According to the polar views, audit is an independent science. Revelation of the essence of audit as an independent economic science is done with consideration of the following: three-sided relations are an objective form of audit existence; audit develops under the influence of changes of the form of relations between users and a responsible party, which, in its turn, is a consequence of the evolution of economic relations; audit as a practical activity represents an independent assessment of financial information in the general system of economic management with the goal to provide a relevant level of assurance of users of this information, which allows reduction of information risks in the control environment and in the process of making managerial decisions. Taking into account all above specified circumstances, the article identifies the essence of audit as an independent economic science as follows: audit is a science on the aggregate and development of relations that arise between the subjects of information exchange with respect to the objective and complete formation of information about the property and financial state, results of activity, which is used in the process of making managerial decisions.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Beskosta H. M.
Substantiation of the Essence of Intangible Assets in Accounting (p. 306 - 310)
Economic subjects in Ukraine started to use intangible assets in their financial and economic activity more often, but still less than in other countries of the world. One of the reasons is a difficulty in understanding the essence of an intangible asset as an object of accounting. The goal of the article is to identify the essence of intangible assets for accounting in accordance with regulatory documents on accounting of intangible assets. The article justifies essence of intangible assets, identifies contradictions of main aspects of the essence of intangible assets for organisation of accounting. It generalises the definition of the “intangible asset” term and “identification” notion, systemises criteria of acknowledgement of intangible assets and justifies features of classification of intangible assets for accounting. In order to eliminate detected contradictions in regulatory documents and interpret clearly main general provisions with respect to organisation of accounting of intangible assets, the article offers: to give a justified definition of the intangible asset; to introduce addenda to the Regulations (standard) of Accounting No. 8 “Intangible Assets” with respect to identification of objects of intangible assets; to identify criteria of acknowledgement of intangible assets; to generalise main features of classification of intangible assets in accordance with Regulations (standard) of Accounting No. 8 for accounting and financial reporting. Solution of these issues is important for effective and proper organisation of accounting and formation of information on intangible assets and authenticity of financial reports.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Goferber Y. V.
Determining Efficiency of Auditing the Marketing Activity (p. 311 - 316)
The article considers the essence, determination and assessment of efficiency of the audit of the marketing activity. It studies the existing practice and quality of independent examination with the purpose of identification of advantages and shortcomings. As a result, the article identifies main principles of the audit at an enterprise in order to make marketing activity mode effective and profitable. The article justifies that, apart from the use of the procedures of assessment of efficiency, it is important to use a system of criteria, which help to determine correspondence of the audit with the set strategic goals, optimise the process of co-ordination with the risk management service, and develop an efficient system of advanced training and motivation of personnel. The further studies of this problem should go in the direction of determination of what wording the auditor should use when presenting the final product of his or her work, how auditors see this process of obtaining objective data and what criteria the users and auditors consider to be acceptable.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Sakharov P. O.
Reflection of Loyalty Programmes with the Use of Bonuses in Accounting (p. 316 - 321)
The article studies loyalty programmes that are used at modern trading enterprises and discovers main barriers on the way of development of methodical approaches of bonus accounting provided to the clients of loyalty programmes. It analyses theoretical and methodical aspects of bonus accounting in international practice and methods of reflection of loyalty programmes in accounting with the use of bonuses existing in Ukraine. Comparing electronic money and settlement elements of the loyalty programmes, the article proves that the accumulating bonus systems are completely equal to electronic money by their functions and essence, that is why the sub-account 323 “Electronic money expressed in bonuses” is offered to be used for their accounting. The article proves that the clients need to reserve a part of funds and reflect bonus reserves in accounting in order to ensure payment of bonuses. In order to accumulate information on movement of funds that are reserved by an enterprise for ensuring future expenditures on payment of bonuses and strengthening detailing of accounting of loyalty programmes, the article recommends to open an individual sub-account 479 “Bonus reserve” in the working plan of accounts of trading enterprises, which would allow a better satisfaction of managerial personnel in information on effectiveness of loyalty programmes.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №11-2013

Maksimovа V. F., Slobodyanik Y. B.
Essence of the State Audit (p. 319 - 323)
The goal of the article lies in analysis of modern approaches to understanding of the essence of the state audit and presentation of definition of its essence. On the basis of systematisation and generalisation of scientific works, analysis of the international practice in the sphere of control of state finances the article justifies the authors’ own understanding of the role and content of the state audit. In the result of the study the article reveals origin and essence of the control and audit terms and proves that they cannot be used as synonyms. Audit and control in the sphere of state finances were compared on the basis of comparison of goals, tasks, organisation of work, responsibility, forms and results of their conduct. Prospect of further studies is the legislative definition and differentiation of the “state control”, “state audit”, “state financial control” and “state internal financial control” notions. Further development of scientifically justified terminology in this sphere would become a basis for development of the concept of creation of the system of control of state finances, which would correspond with high world standards.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Soboliev V. M., Sliunina T. L., Rosit T. V.
Main Problems and Prospects of Audit Development in Ukraine (p. 324 - 328)
The article analyses influence of the world crisis phenomena upon the national economy, shows a significant necessity of using international reporting standards. It justifies a necessity of strengthening financial control, the goal of which is to detect shortcomings in financial reports and recommendations regarding their elimination in order to ensure trustworthiness of reports. It considers main problems of audit activity and identifies necessary measures and ways of their solution. It reveals and justifies possible directions of prospective development of audit in Ukraine with consideration of the process of transition of economic subjects to international standards of financial reporting and marks out a necessity of strengthening the role of the state institutions in further audit development. It analyses the insufficient control over the quality of audit services and statistical material regarding the number and specific features of operation of audit firms and private auditors in Ukraine.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Shelest V. S.
Analytical Provision of Management of Intangible Assets (p. 329 - 334)
The goal of the article lies in the study of the process of conduct of economic analysis of such a complex product of the innovation and information society as objects of intellectual property, which are accepted in business accounting as intangible assets. All-absorbing integration processes in the economy and large-scale propagation of information technologies influence the capital structure. Thus, accepting intangible assets as a driving factor of competitiveness, enterprises prefer namely these assets, reducing the share of tangible assets. Taking this into account the scientists thoroughly studied the issues of economic analysis of intangible assets, since the obtained data are the main source of accounting and analytical information required for making weighted managerial decisions. At the same time, the issues of authenticity, accuracy, efficiency and transparency of the obtained results become topical. In the process of the study the article shows information content of the accounting and analytical data due to introduction of accounting and conduct of economic analysis of intangible assets. The article considers the modern state of the methods of analysis of intangible assets based on opinions of scientists. It characterises economic and legal state of development of licence agreements in Ukraine. It justifies economic expediency of use of such agreements. It forms the ways of making efficient managerial decisions on use of intangible assets in economic activity of subjects of entrepreneurship.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №12-2013

Khorunzhak N. M.
Organisational Grounds of Development of the Accounting Systems of Budget Institutions under Modern Conditions (p. 269 - 275)
The goal of the article lies in conducting a theoretical and organisational justification of formation of a modernised information system of management of budget institutions oriented at ensuring optimisation of their activity. On the basis of the analysis of existing author’s positions, the article draws a conclusion about expediency of development of the improved structure of this system and identifies authorities of responsible persons in it. The idea of the position lies in achievement of the most complete provision of managers with accounting information on the basis of application of methods and procedures of managerial accounting. In the result of scientific studies, the article forms recommendations on the structure of the information accounting system of a budget institution and delimitation of authorities between accounting personnel in it. On this basis the article gives recommendation clarifications of qualification characteristics and obligations (authorities) of the accounting personnel. Prospectiveness of further studies is connected with the need in formation of methodological grounds of managerial accounting in budget institutions and distribution of application of analytical methods not only when carrying out management of the current activity but also when assessing strategic tasks.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Nikolenko N. V.
Specific Features of Reflection of Information Regarding Lease Operations in the National and International Standards (p. 275 - 279)
The article identifies the degree of correspondence of the national Provisions (Standard) of Business Accounting (PSBA) Lease with the international standard and provides recommendations with respect to their closing up. On the results of the study the author provides specific features of international and national standards – the existing IFRS 17 Lease and national PSBA 14 Lease by the following components: definition of lease, its classification and reflection in accounting. Also the text of PSBA 31 Financial Expenditures is supplemented with provisions on capitalisation of financial expenditures prospectively, which would allow avoidance of correction of the balance of the retained income and provision of comparative information for previous periods. The article provides an algorithm of division of lease for accounting purposes on the basis of international standards. Its use would ensure correctness of reflection of lease operations in accounting and would serve as a basis for development of methodical provisions with respect to accounting. By the result of the study the author forms definition of the qualification asset as an asset which requires considerable time for its creation, preparation for target use, sales or acquisition of the ownership right. Capitalisation of such expenditures would allow non-reduction of the accounting income and also would provide a possibility to reflect financial expenditures in accordance with their economic essence.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №2-2014

Bezverkhyi K. V.
Reporting in the Theory of Domestic and Foreign Institutionalists (p. 299 - 307)
The article discusses issues of reporting in view of theories of domestic and foreign institutionalists. Study of formation of reporting under conditions of institutional transformations is realised in close connection with production and integration processes, which are peculiar to this specific period of the society historical development. In the result of the study of the said problem the article offers a functional scheme of development of the regulatory and legal framework of reporting and the scheme of regulation of accounting and financial reporting under conditions of institutional environment of Ukraine. By the results of the conducted study the article gives main principles, which have to be adhered to when preparing an integrated report under influence of the institutional environment in Ukraine. The article develops a mechanism of interconnection of reports at an enterprise and formation, on their basis, of integrated reports in the institutional environment. It puts the first stone in the foundation of formation of a new concept of reporting, connected with integration of the accounting and reporting information in the institutional environment.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Rohanova H. O.
Improvement of Classification of Enterprise Circulating Funds (p. 308 - 313)
The goal of the article lies in revelation of possibilities of increase of efficiency of managing enterprise circulating funds by means of improvement of their classification features. Having analysed approaches of many economists to classification of enterprise circulating funds, systemised and supplementing them, the article offers grouping classification features of enterprise circulating funds. In the result of the study the article offers an expanded classification of circulating funds, which clearly shows the role of circulating funds in managing enterprise finance and economy in general. The article supplements and groups classification features of enterprise circulating funds by: the organisation level, functioning character, sources of formation and their cost, and level of management efficiency. The article shows that the provided grouping of classification features of circulating funds allows exerting all-sided and purposeful influence upon indicators of efficiency of circulating funds functioning and facilitates their rational management in general. The prospect of further studies in this direction is identification of the level of attraction of loan resources by production enterprises for financing circulating funds.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №4-2014

Shalimova N. S.
Audit Quality as the Key Criterion of Assessment of its Effectiveness in the System of Socio-economic Processes (p. 335 - 340)
The article describes approaches to identification of effectiveness of functioning of audit as a system and audit quality as the key criterion of assessment of its effectiveness. It shows that effectiveness of audit activity is a multi-aspect category and the fundamental criterion of identification of expediency of existence of the audit and directions of its development. It proves that each of the effectiveness aspects (for example, efficiency, profitability, effectivity and productivity) reveals only some of its essential sides and of biggest value among them are those that characterise the degree of achievement and correspondence with goals formed both by the external environment and by the system of audit activity itself and the key factor is quality. The article shows that audit is a communication process and one of the key problems of communication is a problem of adequate perception of the transferred information and, consequently, effectiveness of communication. The article shows that the fact of audit itself is not sufficient – its quality with consideration of satisfying customer needs and mechanism of delivering the auditor’s opinion are important. The article forms conceptual approaches to identification of audit quality as the key criterion of assessment of effectiveness of audit activity, which is considered in two aspects: from the position of its essence and identification of the fact whether the services of examination of a specific client are the audit as such and, with consideration of satisfaction of information needs of users, including the society, in establishing the level of objective and authentic financial reports and includes the following elements: quality of the audit process, quality of the formed auditor’s opinion, quality of the intermediary and final audit results and quality of info0rming users about the audit process and results.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Yanchev A. V.
Theoretical and Methodical Grounds of the Accounting Process in Information Economy (p. 341 - 347)
The goal of the article lies in the study of new requirements to quality of information resources of management of institutional units and development of the model of information system of economic subjects, based on mutual connection of management functions, elements of the economic process and information functions – accounting, analysis and forecasting. The article studies works of representatives of domestic and foreign scientific schools in the field of the theory of business accounting, considers specific features of methodology and scientific organisation of accounting in the information economy, systemises approaches to formations of economically expedient information resources, which possess all features of usefulness for making managerial decisions. In the result of the study the article offers a model of the enterprise information system, which takes into account essential characteristics of elements of the accounting process and allows creation of the information basis for integration of various subsystems of accounting, preparation of financial and other documentation for making a wide spectrum of managerial decisions in the system of production, marketing and financial management. The prospect of further studies in this direction is the study of methodological and theoretical aspects of organisation of accounting and its logical structure.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №5-2014

Khorunzhak N. M.
Problems and Prospects of Internal Control System and Audit Development in the Budget Sphere (p. 322 - 326)
The goal of the article is theoretical justification of expediency of positioning control by hierarchy levels, formulation of relevant goals of its conduct and development of recommendations for ensuring optimal distribution of tasks between control subjects. The basis of the author’s position is formed by essential characteristics and formation of definitions of the “internal control” and “internal audit” terms and also by the management system need in information that allows making decisions about selection of directions of activity and rationalisation of use of available resources. In the result of the study and on the basis of the study of the control goal, established by the current legislation of Ukraine with respect to various subjects, the article holds about expediency of formation of a better hierarchical structure of control. Moreover, the article develops proposals that ensure avoidance of duplication of control functions. Prospects of further scientific studies are connected with absence of a single approach and a necessity of formation of methodological grounds of risk assessment in the course of internal audit. The article offers to consider division of the assessment system by detailing levels (detailed – for internal audit subdivisions and less detailed or selective – for budget institutions) as a basic concept of this assessment.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Kosata I. A.
Specific Features of Assessment and Accounting of Entering Into Account and Retirement of Reserves That Were Obtained Without Indemnity (p. 327 - 331)
The main goal of the article is analysis of the modern state and identification of main problems that are connected with assessment and accounting of reserves that were obtained without indemnity, and their use and reflection in formation of cost value of the sold products. Pursuant to Provisions (Standards) of Business Accounting No. 9 “Reserves”, the initial cost of reserves that were obtained without indemnity is their fair cost, interpretation of which, pursuant to Provisions (Standards) of Business Accounting No. 19 and Clauses 14.1.71 of the Tax Code of Ukraine, gives a possibility of identification of a fair cost only under conditions of a stable market for a specific type of reserve. In the event this market is not available, there is a problem with identification of the fair cost. In this case, application of provisions of business accounting of reserves of budget institutions is interesting from the author’s point of view. According to it: “The initial cost of reserves obtained without indemnity in cases envisaged by legislation from other institutions, legal entities and physical persons – economic subjects, is equal to the balance cost of reserves of the party that provided them”. In most cases this algorithm significantly simplifies the work of the enterprise accountant. The article also describes the procedure of identification of income from retirement of reserves that were obtained without indemnity. It considers the order of determination of income and expenditures of the enterprise pursuant to Provisions (Standards) of Business Accounting and Tax Code of Ukraine, in the result of which it holds that when reserves are re-sold by the cost of entering into account, it should not be included into income again. In the event the cost of selling is higher than the cost of entering into account, the income should include only the positive difference between the cost of selling and cost of entering. In the event reserves were used in the course of production activity and the finished products are sold, the author believes that the cost of reserves that were obtained without indemnity could be deducted from the income with a view of taxation.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №6-2014

Kovach S. I.
The Concept of Materiality in Accounting and Reporting (p. 284 - 288)
The article highlights the theoretical foundations of the concept of materiality in accounting and reporting, and practical recommendations for its use. In Ukraine, the legal regulation of materiality is performed by the Ministry of Finance, it is one of the subjects of importance. Management of the company, as a subject of materiality, decides on the materiality of accounting information, establishing quantitative or qualitative characteristics of materiality, as a rule, in accounting policies. Objects of importance are the activity of the enterprise as a whole, individual business transactions and accounting entities, the financial statements. Ministry of Finance recommended the quantitative characteristics of materiality by establishing materiality thresholds for the objects of accounting and business operations and of the financial statements. Essence is used exclusively for each enterprise – a business entity with the advice of the Ministry of Finance, but in any case should be guided by professional considerations, without exceeding the maximum size of recommended thresholds of materiality. Lack of a clear methodology for determining materiality, on the one hand, promotes the use of the concept of materiality in specific conditions, on the other – reduces the comparability of financial statements.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Ryadska V. V.
Theoretical Aspects of Professional Responsibility in the Audit (p. 289 - 293)
The paper examined the content and limits of professional responsibility in the audit. In the general sense, responsibility as such has two sides: the ethical and legal. Ethical aspect of the content of ethical responsibility is determined by aspects of social relations in society. Legal responsibility in the audit includes: professional liability, other liability that goes beyond professional responsibility. Professional liability is a consequence of the existence of professional duties. Systematic understanding of professional responsibility in the audit is only possible in the context of the mission of public audit and on the basis of the fundamental categories of auditing practices, such as materiality and audit risk. In order to analyze the content of professional responsibility auditing practice was conditionally divided into two segments. The first segment – a set of auditors' responsibilities to meet the requirements associated with the organizational aspects of the functioning of the market for audit services. The second segment is formed as a result of audit services and associated with the obligations to comply with professional standards and ensuring the quality of work performed. Professional liability has two interdependent and interrelated components: disciplinary and financial responsibility. The main function of disciplinary action is preventive, which is to prevent property liability. Along with this, the liability of performing reflective function associated with subsequent disciplinary responsibility. Taking into account the concept of audit risk reflective function property liability should be limited to cases of losses that are not associated with the causes of violations of professional standards and inadequate quality of audit services.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №7-2014

Brukhanskyi R. F.
The Strategic Financial Accounting: An Analysis of the Current State and Prospects of Development (p. 220 - 225)
The purpose of the article is to study the current state and prospects of development of the financial accounting system of enterprises towards achieving its strategic orientation, focusing on major strategic imperatives of accounting and analytical support for strategic management. The study formulated proposals for the development of accounting and analytical support for the strategic management of the company by type of strategic management and key strategic imperatives. Development of strategically-oriented accounting system recommended in the context of two directions of development of strategic management: regular strategic management; strategic management in real-time. The prospect for further research is the study of the integrated system of strategic accounting based on the use of accounting engineering tools. The dominant transformations in the field of accounting are the need to expand the information space of financial accounting in the direction of ensuring its strategic orientation. The result of this expansion will increase the number of indicators, which are published in the financial statements of an enterprise or in notes thereto.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Rozheliuk V. M.
Normative and Legal Regulation of Accounting as the Determining Factor of its Organization (p. 225 - 229)
In this paper the theoretical bases of normative and legal regulation of accounting system in Ukraine and in the world were revealed, existing models of accounting and reporting organization were researched according to national circumstances of the business structures and accounting management in accordance with them. A comparison of different countries approaches to the development of accounting standards was made, the components of normative and legal regulation of national accounting system based on international experience were revealed, the essence of accounting regulation was disclosed, its objects and subjects were highlighted. The historical aspects of the legal acts development of normative and legal regulation in the formation of the accounting system were defined, the procedure of normative and legal regulation on domestic laws, standards and guidance materials was disclosed, the global experience of legal regulation of the accounting system with a focus on the needs of different groups of users credentials were generalized and the levels of legal regulation in Ukraine with market leverage on business entities were defined.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Maksimovа V. F.
Prospects for Improving the Accounting System in Budgetary Institutions (p. 230 - 234)
The purpose of the article is to establish ways of solving the problem of the growing requirements of management system for the content, composition and filling of information for decision-making in the budgetary institutions. Ways to improve the organization of workers of accounting services was suggested, including taking into account the introduction of elements or subsystems intraeconomic accounting. The industry-specific budget institutions were taken into account, organizational problems of improving accounting and analytical support for management and ways of their high-quality solutions were considered. As a result of scientific research the possibility of solving the problem of improving the quality of the management information base was proved, which are based on accounting queries of leaders of the specific hierarchical level. It was proposed to form and submit it for approval and coordination with higher authorities the calculations confirming the feasibility of changing the direction of the use of budget funds in the form of business plans. The main ways to achieve mutual coordination and interconnection of accounting subsystems and intraeconomic accounting in budgetary institutions were stated. Prospects for further research to improve the information base for management decision-making in the budgetary institutions are related to the need to establish the real needs and demands of the leaders of the various hierarchical levels. Also it is necessary to develop ways to improve the organization of workers of accounting services, including taking into account the maximum use of capacity of computers and achieve this by improving the level of service management processes and improving performance of public institutions in general.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Lukin V. О., Moskalenko O. V.
Systematic Approach to the Study of Accounting Problems (p. 235 - 240)
The aim of the article is to consider a systematic approach to the study of accounting problems. The article discusses and critically analyzes different approaches to the definition of "accounting system." The conclusion is that the system should be considered from the perspective of the science and practice of accounting systems that can more clearly identify the subsystem in its composition. The selection of the three levels of the hierarchy in the tested system was justified, where, except for the accounting system that exists at the level of individual state (national accounting system), can be considered the accounting system at the international level and at the enterprise level. Possible approaches to the study of accounting problems, such as institutional, linguistic, communication and so on. This revealed that among all these approaches, there is no contradiction, they complement each other and provide an opportunity to better understand the general object of study – the accounting system on a particular stage of its development in a particular state, representing its subsystems. The main condition for the effective use of the above approaches is compliance with the selected object of the study definition of "system".

Article is written in Russian

BUSINESS INFORM №8-2014

Kosova T. D., Anhelina I. A.
Information Support of Financial Control Based on International Accounting Standards for the State Sector (p. 218 - 222)
The requirements for accounting and reporting on the implementation of budgets in accordance with the two approaches were summarized: the statistical bases of financial reporting within the System of National Accounts and financial statements based on international accounting standards in the public sector. Their similarities and differences were disclosed. The composition and requirements for disclosure of financial information on the overall public sector were defined, as well as the presentation of the consolidated financial statements of the governments at various levels, recognition of revenues from non-exchange transactions and presentation of information about the implementation of the budget in the financial statements. A critical assessment of the implementation of international accounting standards for the public sector in Ukraine was given, which is the formation of financial reports on the implementation of a state budget. The directions of the further implementation of international standards were grounded: dissemination of lessons learned on local budgets, the expansion of financial reporting on the implementation of the budget as quantitatively (due to disclosure of accounting policies and notes to the financial statements) and qualitatively (by providing not only actual but also target indices, as well as calculating deviations). To improve information security analysis and control of formation and use of the budget it was proposed to initiate the formation of the consolidated financial statements of governments, local authorities and entities under their control.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Ilchak O. V.
Accounting Aspects of Land Relations within the Integration Process (p. 223 - 228)
The article investigates the accounting of transactions with land for agricultural purposes in the context of economic globalization and integration processes in Ukraine. The basic premises for display of land in accounting were defined. The analysis of the views and proposals of contemporary domestic and foreign scholars on accounting recognition and measurement of land was conducted. A review of laws and regulations governing the registration of land plots was carried out. Considerable attention was paid to the registration of land plots used for modern high-tech agriculture, particularly organic. The data of organizations that carry out the regulation of land relations and their accounting reflection was provided. The features of accounting for leased land in agriculture were shown. The findings summarized the material described and noted the impact of innovative technologies in agriculture, the accounting of land relations within the integration processes.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №9-2014

Poddubna N. M.
Theoretical Aspects of Formation of the Accounting Policy of the Retail Trade Enterprise of the Consumers Cooperative Society (p. 230 - 234)
With respect to the extensive transformation processes in economy and accounting at the present stage, as well as attempts to get closer to international standards and the business environments, the necessity is developed to build effective and efficient accounting system, namely: the formation and implementation of a scientifically and practically sound accounting policy. In the article the substance of the accounting policy, administrative documents, with aim to control the accounting policy within the enterprise, as well as the legal acts regulating its formation and implementation in the modern business entities were examined. Features of the retail trade enterprises of the consumers cooperative society were studied and, accordingly, steps that should be highlighted when building the accounting policies and during the critical treatment of documents that use enterprise data for the regulation of its accounting policies were proposed. The structure of the present document, which would be the most appropriate to the circumstances of the economic entities in question, is offered. It was concluded, that the accounting policy is an important tool of the accounting organization and that a formal approach to its formation will be inappropriate. The proposed regulations may be useful not only for the retail traders of the consumer cooperation, but for the other economic entities as well, which have the same organizational structure and include the separate structural divisions.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №10-2014

Reta M. V.
The Formation and Development of the Accounting Paradigm (p. 287 - 293)
The article aimes to study the methodological bases of formation of the accounting information as a basis for making the strategic management decisions. In the article the development of modern accounting concepts in view of the globalization processes demands and directed towards enhancing of the analytical, objective and transparent accounting information were reviewed and critically analyzed. It was found that the modern development of the accounting system had intrinsic contradictions that make it impossible at the present stage to form an unified theoretical basis. It was proven that the managerial concepts determine the information requirements of the modern accounting system and therefore the development of the accounting paradigm should be aimed at increasing of its support of the development and implementation of the business strategy of the enterprise. The dominant feature of the transformations in the field of accounting is defined as the necessity to expand the informational space of accounting in the direction of ensuring its strategic orientation.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Kalinkin D. V.
Theoretical Bases of Organizing of the Internal Audit in the Budgetary Institutions (p. 293 - 298)
The article is aimed at disclosure of the theoretical bases of the internal audit in the budgetary institutions. Approaches to the definition of the term «organizing» were analyzed and the author's own vision of the concept «organizing of the internal audit» was presented, allowing to consider the organizing of the internal audit as a part of the higher order system - the State financial control system of Ukraine. The elements of the organizing system of the internal audit in the budgetary institutions were reviewed, which are: subjects and objects, purposes and principles, levels and stages, as well as ensuring of organizing of the internal audit. The scheme of organizing of the internal audit on the basis of systematic approach was proposed in which three phases were allocated: internal audit planning; implementation of control measures in the framework of the internal audit in the budgetary institutions and summarizing of the control activities' results in the framework of the internal audit. In addition, peculiarities and directions of adaptation of the foreign experience as to the internal audit in the budgetary institutions towards the national environment were analyzed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Pigosh V. A.
Formation of Conception of the Accounting System, Oriented to Optimize Revenues and Expenditures in the State Higher Education Establishments (p. 299 - 305)
This work is aimed at the feasibility of developing the concept of the accounting system, directed at optimization of the revenues and expenditures in the State higher education establishments. In the article the organizational and methodological provisions of the management accounting in the State higher education establishments were improved by developing of: the circuit of functional interaction between the structural units within a subsystem of management accounting, recommendations for the cost optimization and (within the framework and with purpose of the implementation) the related internal accounting documents. This ensured the enhancement of efficiency of the accounting and analytical support in general, and the cost management in the State higher education establishments in particular. The established conception of the accounting system, focused on optimization of revenues (expenditures), first and foremost, requires the solution of organizational issues, which include the development of forms of the accounting information media. Given the materiality of certain objects of expenditure for the provision of services in the field of higher education, attention has been focused on them, and because of that the proposed documents for the accounting subsystem of the management accounting were designed and implemented, concerning the formation of the information segments required in deciding to reduce the costs of inventory, salaries, accruals and work travels.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Usatenko O. V.
Venture Activity in the System of Objects of Accounting and Economic Analysis (p. 306 - 311)
The purpose of the article is to identify specific objects of accounting and to analyze the venture business entities. As the result of the study the approaches of scientists to the system and objects of accounting were reviewed and summarized. A principal scheme of the modern venture capital industry was developed, indicating the specificity and mechanisms that will help to identify specific objects of accounting and analysis and to implement in full the accounting functions. The object of accounting and analysis of venture activity by the subjects was selected. Such classification of objects of accounting of venture activities will ensure: timely reflection of complete information in the accounts on receipt of funds, retirement and asset evaluation of venture activities subjects; reflection of the costs associated with the activity of the venture activities subjects; definition of the financial performance of the venture activities subjects; information for reporting on the activities of the venture activities subjects; information for the economic analysis of venture activity. The prospect of further research for accounting for these specific objects is to develop an appropriate methodology that will further require the improvement of the enterprise financial statements.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Gurieva I. M.
Economic and Accounting Substance of the Non-Current Tangible Assets (p. 312 - 317)
The article is aimed at studying of the identification criteria of the non-current (long term) tangible assets of the budgetary institutions on the basis of analysis of the active legislation and the scientific views of the domestic and foreign scientists, in view of the historical aspects of formation of content of such accounting objects. The study revealed the formal definition and content of the accounting objects, characterized by the belonging to an enterprise (institution), the long-term use (over one year), the use for the enterprise activity and promising the economic and other benefits in the future, the possibility of the reliable evaluation and depreciation. The prospect of further research in this area is to define the specific classification signs of the non-current (long term) tangible assets for ensuring the organization of accounting in accordance with the requirements of the users, as well as the improvement of the arrangements for evaluation of such assets with a view to the efficient use of the material and technical base of the budgetary institutions and presentation of their real status, specially in value terms.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №11-2014

Driha O. P.
Securitization: an Analysis of the Notion and Substance in the Context of Accounting (p. 216 - 220)
The article is aimed at studying and systematization of the currently existent definitions of «securitization of assets». Feasibility of implementing the theoretical and methodological substantiation of application of assets securitization in Ukraine, taking into account foreign experience, was reasoned. Stages and directions of assets securitization are provided. Absence of an universally accepted definition of securitization was determined, which justifies the absence of a common methodological base for registration of securitization transactions. Designing and promulgation of a separate law on securitization of assets, while making changes in a number of existing laws on securities and financial market, as well as creating of a positive climate for investors and lenders in financing the economic development in our country, was proposed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Мykhal’s’ka V. V.
Method of Record Keeping to Ensure Expenditures on Resumption of Usefulness of the Horticultural Long-Term Biological Assets (p. 221 - 227)
The article is aimed at a critical evaluation of the actual state and providing of suggestions for areas of improvement of record keeping to ensure expenditures on resumption of usefulness of the horticultural long-term biological assets in connection with self-supporting enterprises, as well as budgetary institutions. During the research process, feasibility of forming a reserve to ensure expenditures on resumption of usefulness of the horticultural long-term biological assets and allocation of information about its status and also floating from other funds for covering the future expenditures was proved. Therefore was suggested to use in practice the method of calculation of the reserve funds' amount, which is based on a list of planned economic operations, necessary for the resumption of usefulness as a complex of material and labor expenditures. With the aim of documenting the above methodology a form of calculation of deductions to the reserve was proposed, to ensure the operational efficiency of the planning and economic department; simplification of procedure for calculating the funds' amount needed to ensure expenditures on resumption of usefulness of the horticultural long-term biological assets; receiving of information about the funds' amount needed for conducting of certain measures for a variety of fruit and berry cultures, also with regard to the months of year, and the total amount of reserve funds. In addition, sub-accounts of the analytical record keeping to reflect the information as to state and floating of reserve funds, as well as the unused amounts at the end of the reporting period for both the self-supporting enterprises, and for budgetary institutions, taking into account the approved plans of accounts, were proposed. As a consequence, in order to implement the above proposals in the practice of the studied enterprises, applying changes to «covering» section of the orders on their record keeping policy was proposed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Biliar A. I.
Suitability of Financial Reporting of Agricultural Enterprises for Property Management Requirements (p. 227 - 232)
The article is aimed at studying of the laws and regulations determining the standards for preparation and filing of reporting documents by large, medium-sized, and small agricultural enterprises of legal forms of economic management, as well as elaboration of a property-based classification for the purposes of managerial decision-making. The methodological and methodical principles of disclosure of information on the assets of agricultural holdings were analyzed. Relevance of the elaborated approach to formation of financial information on the balance sheet meeting the property management requirements was substantiated. Evidence-based data were used to illustrate the disclosure of such property units as biological assets, fixed assets and intangible assets in the accounting and financial reporting by Ukrainian agricultural holdings, medium-sized and small agricultural enterprises, as well as farm businesses. A classification was proposed for sources of forming economic means based on proprietor types for the purposes of managerial decision-making.

Article is written in English

Makurin A. A.
Problems of the Accounting of Economic Operations in the Context of European Integration of Ukraine (p. 233 - 237)
In the article problems of the accounting of economic operations in the context of the European integration of Ukraine are considered. Use of international standards in the domestic enterprises is analyzed. The analysis showed that the accounting should be corrected and modifications should be made in order to conform with international standards. Modifications in accounting would bring along changes in the formation and training of qualified accounting professionals. The transition of the Ukrainian accounting to international standards should be an important element of the integration of Ukrainian economy into the European and world economy. The problem of social responsibility towards the society in the context of accounting is, that in the developed countries of Europe the results of enterprise activity aim to support and benefit the territorial community. But in Ukraine, certain segments of the population are situated outside the equitable distribution, and there is no mention of real social partnership between business and society. The problem of determining the fair value of enterprises and their financial statements was analyzed. Assessment of the fair value is a tool for increasing the capitalization of enterprise, as it allows to significantly raise the value of the assets, and therefore the value of the owner capital. In the context of the accounting, attention is drawn to issues of moral damage to business owners from the financial fraud of the hired managers, resulting in undue overstatement of income.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №12-2014

Gliebova N. V.
Formation of Information Support for the Bank's Foreign Currency Transactions in the System of Accounting and Auditing (p. 370 - 377)
The article is written with the aim to disclose important aspects of formation the technology of accounting and auditing for the bank's foreign currency transactions, to elaborate viable practical solutions to improve the efficiency of the accounting procedures for competent managerial decision-making and to help in minimizing the bank risks. The object of the study is the accounting work of banks in regard to foreign currency transactions. The subject of the study is methodology and organization of accounting of currency transactions. The article explores the methods for accounting treatment of foreign currency transactions, regulatory documents regulating the currency exchange transactions, discloses the peculiarities of their accounting treatment, guidelines for auditing of currency transactions. The factors, that define the contents and conditions of organizing the process of internal audit of foreign currency transactions have been identified as: organizational, informational and methodical. The theoretical and practical aspects of formation of system for accounting and auditing of bank transactions with foreign currency have been summarized. The estimation of the currently applied methods for accounting of foreign currency transactions has been made and practical recommendations for its improvement have been elaborated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Makhota A. V.
Technology of Accounting Treatment of Revenues of Private Companies from Financial Investments (p. 377 - 382)
In the article the economic nature of the operations for financial investment by private enterprises is defined, their specific features are systematized, on the basis of the study of current state of financial investment in Ukraine is determined, that domestic investors prefer long-term financial investment through participation in the capital of other companies and granting of long-term loans secured by value documents. The accounting definition of incomes from financial investments is clarified. The features of definition and criteria for the recognition of private enterprise incomes from financial investments are outlined, their belongment to the group of financial incomes is defined, the method of their accounting evaluation is determined, the accounting records of the afore-mentioned group intended for accounting treatment are presented, and the order of disclosure of accounting information on income from financial investments in the financial reporting of private investors is covered. According to the results of the study, recommendations to improve the analytical content of the Report on financial results (Report of comprehensive income), in the section of accounting treatment of income from financial investments, are offered.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Vasylisnyn S. I., Tredit V. Y.
Ways to Improve Depreciation Accounting of Basic Assets of Agricultural Enterprises (p. 383 - 388)
Organization, regulation and discussion aspects of depreciation accounting of basic assets of agricultural enterprises were analyzed and directions for its improvement were proposed. Dynamics of growth rate of depreciation of basic assets in the agriculture sector in 2009-2013 was explored. A comparison of national and international standards for accounting of basic assets and their depreciation was carried out, their classification according to the current tax code was disclosed. A critical analysis of scientific papers by domestic scientists as to depreciation accounting was conducted and attention was focused on its controversial aspects. Impossibility of full reproduction of basic assets under the current cost approach to the depreciation accounting was specified, arguments for the necessity of recording of the sinking fund assets were adduced. Existing approaches were analyzed and the own version of accumulation of the sinking fund assets on a separate sub-account, which can be filled from such sources as proceeds of sold products, performed works and services rendered to customers and employers, was proposed. Practical use of the proposed directions to improvement of accounting will provide new managerial decisions directed towards the reproduction of basic assets.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №1-2015

Korol K. V.
Responsibility Centers: Concept, Approaches to Identifying the Liable Entities (p. 279 - 284)
The article is aimed to search for approaches to the development of methodological bases for organization of recording in terms of responsibility centers. To achieve this aim, solving of the following tasks is predetermined: studying the sense bearing features of the concept «responsibility center»; allocation of approaches to identify the liable entities for organization of recording in terms of responsibility centers. On results of the study is proposed a definition of responsibility center as an element of the organizational structure of enterprise (section, division, unit), or a part thereof, which is headed by a manager (director) with the authority on use of resources to support the activities of such center and responsibility for the formation of indicators and results of its activities. This will allow, in organization of recording in terms of responsibility centers, to focus on specific liable entities, which provide management at the local level. Allocation of the centralized, decentralized and integrated approaches to identifying the liable entities helps to provide more efficient recording in terms of responsibility centers. Thus, choice of approaches to its development is made easier at all levels of management: at the local – with consideration of activity specifics of particular responsibility centers, at the meso-level – tasks in terms of individual activities or changing them are more completely considered, at the highest level of management – choice of approaches to development of recording in terms of responsibility centers is made easier, when changing the tactical goals of the enterprise's activity.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №2-2015

Usatenko O. V.
Method of Accounting while Obtaining Venture Financing (p. 184 - 190)
The article is aimed to determine the accounting aspect of forms of venture financing, formulate factors of influence on the accounting system at the level of venture enterprise and identify the analytical accounting objects that arise while obtaining the financing. The study resulted in presenting a mechanism of venturing, also the accounting aspect of venture financing has been determined, that is forms of venture financing, which are objects of accounting while obtaining the financing by enterprise. Factors of influence on the system of accounting at the level of venture enterprise have been formulated, the analytical accounting objects that appear while obtaining the venture financing have been provided with specifying the directions for accounting. Accounting record-keeping in the proposed directions of analytical accounting will improve the quality of the information received and will provide: detailed information on the sources of venture financing and economic means that appear as a result of received financing; effectively managing economic means; conducting the analysis of venture financing; generating reliable information on the status of the venture financing for internal and external users of accounting information; monitoring the venture financing.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №3-2015

Belova I. M.
Establishing Managerial Accounting for Plant Production in Terms of Requirements of IFRS, Accounting Provisions (Standards) 30 «Biological Assets», and Sectoral Management (p. 184 - 191)
In the article conceptual approaches to organization of accounting-analytical ensuring for plant production are elaborated, which provide for measures of regulatory, methodological and organizational nature. Implementation of the proposed approaches will secure establishing an integral system of managerial record keeping and analysis at the agricultural enterprises, taking into consideration the sectoral features of their functioning, will improve economic performance as well as credibility and transparency of accounting information for implementing the agrarian policy in the State. Structure, goals and consistency of development, intended for sectoral standard, have been proposed. As the standard's aim has been determined the formation of unified for agricultural sector, organizational and methodical approaches to organization of managerial record keeping, allocation of the corresponding responsibilities and obligations for its maintenance, compiling the primary documentation, preparation and presentation of accounts to meet the information needs in the process of managing the expenditures and prime cost of the plant production. At the present time there isn't a single organizational form in the plant production sector, which would combine into one system goals, tasks and methods for information support of the management. At the agricultural enterprises, these functions are performed by various structural divisions of administration, where they in most cases are not in accord with each other. Accordingly, proposals as to structure and organization of managerial accounting has been given.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Nikolenko N. V.
Methodological Principles of Generating the Accounting Information on Rental Operations (p. 192 - 197)
Relevance of the issue of improving the methodological bases of generating the accounting information on rental operations on the basis of implementing in the practical activities of business entities the new accounting models, for their clear structuring and formation of modern methodological tools that will meet the needs of the management, has been proven. It has been proposed to estimate the residual value of the right to use the main asset and the model of calculating the rental charges depending on the classification of rental operations, based on application of the criterion of «purchase and consumption by the tenant during the rental period more than a trivial part of the rented asset». An algorithm for division of a rent for accounting purposes has been presented. Its use will ensure the correct reflection of the rental activities in accounting and facilitate the evaluation of the accommodation right related to the asset. It has been proposed to use financial renting only for the operations, which are intended for automatically receiving into ownership rented assets, when the required conditions in the rental contract are indicated, at the beginning of its validity.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Tkach I. V.
Reporting on the Capital Investments of Energy Supplying Companies (p. 197 - 203)
The article is aimed at substantiation of methodical bases of accounting provision for the capital investments of energy supplying companies. During the study has been suggested to amend the description of line 1005 of the Balance (Statement of financial position) f. No.1 and in the title of Section III «Capital investments» from the Notes to the annual financial statements f. No.5, which will reflect in the financial reporting information on capital investment, based on the economic nature of the entity. An algorithm for completing financial statements as to capital investments, including the Section III «Capital investments» from the Notes to the annual financial statements, has been described. Statistical reporting for capital investments presently contains the «misguiding sea-lights», which distort the data of statistical observations related to capital investments. In the article a new approach to the collection of statistical data on sources for financing the capital investments has been substantiated. Also sectoral reporting on the capital investments of energy supplying companies, in particular the Report on implementation of investment program, has been studied. Establishing the synthetic and analytical accounting of the capital investment of energy supplying companies in terms of investment program, which will provide for the managerial needs of energy supplying companies in accounting and analytical information to complete the Report on implementation of investment program, has been proposed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №4-2015

Krutova A. S.
Accounting Policy as a Tool for Information Support in Insurance Companies (p. 214 - 218)
Features of establishing an accounting policy in insurance companies in terms of domestic and international accounting legislation are considered. A regulatory failure in addressing the involved issues by the key objects for the insurer has been identified. A list of specific objects of accounting, which belong to entities of the insurance sector and must be specified in the Order on accounting policy of the insurer in terms of international financial reporting standards (IFRS), has been defined and described. The key tasks of accounting policy that will allow to provide all users with the necessary information for the decision-making has been summarized. Prospect of further research in this area will be elaborating of recommendations at the legislation level as to the issues of development of accounting policy on the part of insurer.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Nazarova K. O.
Prospects for Implementation of Results of the Synergy between Internal and External Audit (p. 219 - 224)
The article is aimed to determine the economic and social prospects of implementation of results of the synergy between internal and external audit. The present stage of development of audit is characterized, on the one hand, by its social responsibility, and on the other – by its diversity (first of all, by the rapid development of internal audit). Since the functioning of the internal and external audit over the last decade has shown the presence of not only the positive, but largely negative features as well, requests from users of audit results as to maximum harmonization, synergy between internal and external audit have increased. In consequence, it is necessary to determine what results can be expected from the indicated interaction, and what would be the prospects of their implementation. Implementation of the results of internal and external audit synergy occurs in three main forms: increasing guarantees, risk reduction, makes possible to obtain an additional (synergistic) effect. In particular, guarantees of efficiency of enterprise's financial-economic activity and continuity of its activities in the foreseeable future can be increased. Thus, there is a growing confidence of users in the reliability of financial reporting and its real compliance with the actions that the enterprise has implemented; the activity risks will be significantly reduced.

Article is written in Russian

BUSINESS INFORM №5-2015

Filippova S. V., Varchuk O. А., Krysenko A. V.
Innovation Costs of Industrial Enterprises: Issues of Accounting Treatment (p. 215 - 220)
The article is aimed to study the innovation costs of industrial enterprises and their accounting treatment. An interpretation of the concept of «innovation costs» by various scientists-economists and the author's own view on this definition are presented. The current legislative and regulatory framework and scientific sources concerning the accounting treatment of innovation costs of industrial enterprises have been analyzed. The conducted analysis has identified the main issues in the current system for innovation costs accounting; four basic approaches to innovation costs accounting has been allocated; aspects to be taken into consideration when building an effective system for innovation costs accounting have been determined. For the future is planned to explore the innovation costs management methods of industrial enterprises and the peculiarities of building the internal information database based on systems for both management and bookkeeping accounting.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №7-2015

Kharlamova O. V.
Principles of Accounting and Financial Reporting According to IFRS: Issues of Terminological Formalization (p. 218 - 222)
The article is aimed at systematizing and critical analysis of approaches to definition of the terms of «principles of accounting» and «principles of financial reporting», substantiating the need for their distinction and existence of subordinate relationship between them, as well as providing the terminological formalization. The general scientific as well as specific accounting approaches to the definition of principles of both accounting and financial reporting have been analyzed. Clear scientific trends regarding the delineation of the principles of accounting and principles of financial reporting have been identified. According to the results of the study, the distinction of principles of both financial reporting and accounting is taken further, not in the terms of individual classification groups, but as a hierarchical system in which the principles of financial reporting are determinate and the principles of accounting are derived from them and are subordinate to them. It is proved that the principle of accounting, not being in the subordinate relationship with principle of financial reporting, is not inherently a principle and can be considered as a suggestion, rule, requirement etc. A critical analysis of existing terminological constructions and explications of principles of both accounting and financial reporting has been conducted, making possible to state the lack of unity in the interpretation of the principles of accounting (financial reporting). Understanding of principles of both accounting and financial reporting as a hierarchical totality of the subordinate unconditional restrictions, placed over the arrays of accounting and reporting information, creating unconditional benchmarks in recognition, evaluation, presentation and information disclosure in the financial statements, has been proposed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Nazarova K. O.
Conceptual Issues of Methodological Support for Synthesis and Implementation of Synergies between the Internal and the External Audit (p. 223 - 228)
The article is aimed to highlight some of the conceptual issues of methodological support for synthesis and implementation of synergies between the internal and the external audit. The content and features of methodological support in terms of synergy of two types of audit, when users of information receive data about the presence (or absence) of additional, or the synergetic effect, is disclosed. The emphasis in the article focuses on identifying and assessing for needs of synergy between the internal and the external audit of such economic categories, as «related persons» and «continuity of the enterprise's activity». Explorations were made concerning the possible next steps after receiving and understanding information on results of audit. Bearing in mind, that implementation of results of synergy between the internal and the external audit occurs in two main directions – improving guarantees and reducing the number of risks – ways to reduce the indicated risks and to improve guarantees were studied. Regulations of the International Federation of Accountants, which define how the referred conceptual issues are regulated by the international standards on auditing, were examined and the changes in them were clearly specified. The main manifestations of implementation of synergy between the internal and the external audit were disclosed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Luchko M. R., Pylypchuk N. M.
Quality Control of Internal Audit of Enterprises in Terms of Eurointegration Processes (p. 229 - 234)
In the context of globalization and integration into the world economic space, deepening of market reforms and overcoming the consequences of the financial-economic crisis, the Ukrainian economy development requires improving the quality of information and analytical support to enterprises, which reinforces the importance of effective internal auditing to improve the reliability of its results in economic activities. To this end, the article discusses the theoretic-methodological fundamentals of system for quality control of audit services through the prism of: strategic and tactical aspects of the general quality control of internal audit; issues of evaluating the quality in application of professional standards; tasks of monitoring (control) the internal audit procedures and measures aimed at its implementation; performance indicators for internal audit; organizational aspects of the preparatory process and the adoption of auditing decisions; proposals to support the system for quality control of internal audit at the appropriate level.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №8-2015

Kharlamova O. V.
Architectonics of the Notes to IFRS-Reporting (p. 188 - 193)
The article is aimed at argumentation of the thesis that architectonics of the Notes to financial IFRS-Reporting should be based on a logical construction of «objective to subjective». Requirements to information disclosure have been systematized and a hierarchical model of architectonics of the Notes to financial IFRS-reporting has been developed. According to results of the study, expedience of the use of the referred logical construction has been substantiated, taking into account the level of informational risk for users. It has been proposed to classify all accounting decisions either as non-alternative, or alternative, or independent; their relationship with the level of informational risk for users, which consists in making erroneous decisions based on the financial reporting data, has been disclosed. The developed hierarchical model of architectonics of the Notes to financial IFRS-Reporting includes seven components ranked by the levels of objectivity of accounting solutions (professional judgment) as well as informational risk, is based solely on the systematic and organized by the author IFRS-requirements and does not entail an additional workload on preparers of IFRS-reports. The practical application of the proposed hierarchical model will contribute to the unification of IFRS-reporting, improving its comparability and quality, perfectioning the methodological tools for training purposes.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Gurina N. V.
Formation of Accounting Policy of Enterprise on the Expenditure and Revenue (p. 194 - 199)
The article is aimed to define the features of formation of the document on accounting policy, which determines organization of an accounting-analytical system and includes the issue of managerial accounting of enterprise, given the nature of its activities. It has been proven that small (and in some cases medium-size, too) enterprises need to establish accounting policy on the base of an order by director or a disposal by the owner. As for large enterprises, it has been suggested to use the elaborated «Regulation on accounting policy, organization of both accounting and analysis» together with selection of the document defining the organization of managerial accounting – «Regulation on internal (managerial) accounting». With a view to providing full, reliable and timely information for management needs as well as optimizing the process of preparing a document on accounting policy, the author has proposed that its formation is carried out through the following phases: organizational-technical, methodological and summarizing. This will ensure a uniform approach to organization and methodology for accounting of expenditure and revenue, providing the timely, accurate and complete information about them to the staff on all levels and to make effective management decisions.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Grytsyshen D. O.
Development of a Mechanism for the Identification and Recognition of Waste in Accounting (p. 199 - 207)
The article is aimed at substantiation and elaboration of a new mechanism for the identification and recognition of waste in accounting, which could take into account their economic and physical properties, thus allowing to create an information field for control over the economic-ecological security of industrial enterprises. Usage of interdisciplinary methods of knowledge (analysis and synthesis, grouping and theoretical generalization) made it possible to determine the place of waste in the system of economic management of industrial enterprises and identify their individual kinds in terms of business processes, as well as to determine their place in the inter-household processes in the context of the relationship industrial enterprise – company-recycler / utilizer. Method of modeling was used to develop a mechanism for identifying and recognizing of waste in accounting as part of the management of economic-environmental security. The mechanism for identification and recognition of waste in accounting is the basis for generating information on the influence of enterprise on the environment and its economic impacts as a constituent part of the economic-environmental security. A scientific novelty lies therein that the proposed mechanism for identification and recognition of waste of industrial enterprises takes into account their both economic and physical properties, all this allows to manage the economic-environmental consequences of the economic activity of industrial enterprises.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №9-2015

Avhustоva O. O.
Problematic Issues of Organization of Management Accounting at the Fish Processing Enterprises (p. 261 - 265)
The article is aimed at the issues of organization of management accounting at the fish processing enterprises, as it will assist in creating an effective information base of costs to meet the domestic needs of the users within the enterprise, engaged in fish processing. According to the results of the study, the basic stages of establishing management accounting at the fish processing enterprise have been substantiated. The initial stage of introduction of management accounting is a science-based definition of responsibility centers. Therefore, the author has offered his own list of cost centers for fish processing enterprises. Another important step in establishing the management accounting is development of methodological bases for the accounting unit in the system: choice of an accounting model, systems of internal accounts, primary documentation. Accounting models for fish processing enterprises have been identified and the main classification groups of the internal accounting for fish processing enterprises have been indicated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Kharlamova O. V.
Options for Organizing the Process of Transition to Preparation of the IFRS Reporting (p. 266 - 270)
The article is aimed at systematization of frameworks, identifying opportunities and threats in the use of insourcing, outsourcing and co-sourcing as options for organizing the process of transition to preparation of IFRS reporting and choosing the most optimal among them. Definition of insourcing, outsourcing and co-sourcing has been formulated, their advantages and disadvantages have been systematized, opportunities and risks that accompany their use have been disclosed. Criteria for assessing insourcing, outsourcing and co-sourcing in terms of their impact on organizing the process of transition to preparation of IFRS reporting have been elaborated. An authorial expert assessment of the criteria identified has been carried out according to the 3-point scale that reflects the risks, disadvantages, advantages and possibilities of insourcing, outsourcing and co-sourcing for companies. It has been substantiated that insourcing is a clear «leader» concerning the promptness of decision-making, flexibility of the transformation process, responsibility of workers and preservation of confidential information. It has been proven that co-sourcing creates more opportunities for the company's employees involved in the process of transition to preparation of the IFRS reporting, provides high quality of financial reporting, while outsourcing is accompanied by significant risks. It has been substantiated that co-sourcing, i.e. cooperative effort of the company's internal staff and the involved professionals, is the best option for organizing the transition to preparation of the IFRS reporting.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Semeniuk L. V.
Accounting and Cost Analysis in the Product Management System for Catering Enterprises (p. 271 - 276)
The article is aimed to examine the possibility of applying in the catering enterprises the advanced methods for product cost accounting that will improve information and meet the information needs of the contemporary management. Analyzing the works by scientists conducting research in this area, advantages and disadvantages of applying in the catering enterprises accounting methods of direct-cost, standard-cost, and ABC have been identified. A combination, at different stages of management, of methods for accounting of product cost in the catering enterprises has been proposed. The article substantiates the use of: direct-cost method for product cost accounting in the variable costs, allowing the enterprise to exercise operational control over marginality of products, compare the product cost in terms of a network of enterprises; standard-cost method for accounting of target calculations and determining the product cost deviations from the target indicators that were set at the time of product launch; ABC-method at the stage of making changes in the menu, in order to determine the effectiveness of the dish as a whole, determining the most costly activities, decision-making on possible methods of cost optimization or withdrawal of a product from the market. Prospect of further research in this area is finding ways to automate the proposed combination of cost accounting methods on the basis of the accounting-analytical systems for catering enterprises.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №10-2015

Pashkevych M. S., Makurin A. A.
Substantiation of Types of Basic Assets for the Accounting and Analytical Support of Their Transfer between Enterprises within an Integrated Coal Production Association (p. 304 - 309)
A substantiation of types of basic assets for the accounting and analytical support of their transfer between enterprises within an integrated coal production association has been presented. Imperfection of the documentary support for these operations leads to opacity of accounting, with distortion of book-keeping accounting at enterprises. The process of transferring basic assets, which had provided formation of their classification for enterprises that deliver and receive basic assets, has been analyzed. In the process of transfer of basic assets between enterprises, which belong to a coal production association, has been suggested to distinguish between the balance, transferred and re-received basic assets; basic assets with high, medium and low wear and tear; basic assets, the cost of which does include or does not include transportation costs. The documentary support of the transfer of basic assets from one enterprise to another, within an integrated coal production association, in future requires development of analytic registers, which will be composed in the context of the proposed classification of basic assets. This will secure their users with a more objective reflection of the costs for basic assets and a higher information value of the financial reporting of enterprise as well as the integrated coal production association in general.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №11-2015

Balan O. S., Arabadzhy O. V.
Valuation of Intangible Assets (IA) of Investment Project on Production of Biofuel (p. 277 - 281)
The aim of this paper is to study the methods for estimating intangible assets (IA) of investment project on production of biofuel and to identify the impact of characteristics of biofuels production on IA. The topical problem of contemporary accounting is the ability to reliably display information about intangible assets for financial and other forms of reporting. Such reliability can be provided through the process of determining the real scientifically substantiated value of the object of intangible assets, i.e. valuation. It should be noted that valuation of the object of intangible assets, created by the enterprise by its own means, such as biofuel production technology, appears to be problematic. Non-compliance in the matters of organization, accounting and valuation of intangible assets has a significant impact on the accuracy of the information on the general status of assets, which is published by economic entities. Compatibility with international standards increasingly causes influence on the theory and practice of accounting in general and intangible assets, in particular. Certainly, in these matters, the existing foreign experience should be taken into consideration, which should go along with the focus on domestic realities, as well as with maximum approaching the theoretical achievements of current practices. The article discusses the parameters for valuation of intangible assets and proposes a comparative characteristic of approaches to valuation of intangible assets, which can be of use for enterprises.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Amalyan N. D., Amalian A. W.
Accounting Objects within the Framework of Customer Loyalty Programs (p. 282 - 288)
Over the last decades customer loyalty programs have experienced rapid growth. The availability of applicable techniques backed up by effectiveness of modern IT, provides trade organizations with an extensive selection of customer loyalty-oriented activities to adopt. Not surprisingly, the extent of such programs has been increasing steadily with some researches evaluating the volume of such transactions in tens of billions of US dollars. Though, the regulations and guidance regarding the accounting for such marketing campaigns have been developing somewhat lagging, especially in post-Soviet countries. Different approaches to recognition and measurement of various components of customer loyalty programs have been adopted by accountants all over the world. Some of these approaches, as described in the present paper, could lead to material misstatements of accounting data and biases in the reporting, especially regarding the recognition of separate accounting objects and their measurement. The purpose of the paper is to promote understanding of such transactions nature, which is crucial to proper accounting and reporting for customer loyalty programs.

Article is written in English

Levina M. V.
Establishing the Accounting Policy as to the Transaction Costs of Hotel Industry Cluster (p. 288 - 293)
The article is aimed at studying the issues of accounting and optimization of transaction of costs of the enterprises of hotel industry. The current status of the hotel enterprises clustering in the world and in Ukraine has been analyzed. Relevance of creating hotel clusters to reduce the level of transaction costs related to cluster elements has been substantiated. It has been suggested to introduce into scientific use regarding the accounting the concept of cluster accounting, which should be based on the development of the accounting policy, harmonized within the cluster according to the basic parameters. A typical structure of Provision on cluster accounting policy for the hotel industry enterprises has been developed, aimed at ensuring the integrity of methodology for reflecting specific accounting objects by all elements of cluster, and will help to consider the peculiarities of archiving the cluster documents in the terms of using current information and communication technologies. The questions, which would be advisable to reflect in the organizational, technical and methodical sections of cluster accounting policy, were characterized in details.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №12-2015

Nazarenko I. М., Nazarenko A. V.
Accounting and Reporting – the Information Platform of Management Process (p. 250 - 257)
The article proves that an important position in the management of economic entity belongs to information support. Two levels of the contemporary information management environment have been allocated (external, internal), which are further detalized in the context of legal, accounting (economic), technological and other constituents. It has been proven that an important information source for managerial decision-making are accounting data (including reporting). The key qualitative characteristics of accounting information have been allocated. On the basis of an analysis of the literary sources, the problematic issues of accounting and financial reporting have been generalized, which can render a negative influence in the management process. Special attention is paid to the need to maximize the augmentative qualitative characteristics concerning the accounting information. It has been found that for the contemporary information support of management process presence of a specific entropy is characteristic. The entropy has been researched from the view of accounting (types, causes and ways to prevent). The necessity of improving the information infrastructure with a purpose of effective managerial decision-making, improving the competitiveness and investment attractiveness of economic entity has been substantiated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Dubovaya V. V.
Disclosure of Investment Property in the Financial Statements in Accordance with International Standards (p. 257 - 262)
The article is aimed at elaboration of a structured template for disclosure of investment property in the financial statements in accordance with international standards. Results of a study show that, in contrast to global trends of excessive disclosure, financial statements of Ukrainian enterprises are incidental to insufficient and sometimes unreliable financial disclosure, at least when considering investment property. To provide structuring in the disclosure of investment property according to IFRS, an organized view over the descriptive and financial information has been proposed, making use of table forms for reconciliation of the balance value of investment property at the beginning and in the end of the period chosen for alternative assessment models. The prospect of further research on application of international accounting approach to assessment of investment property at fair value has been determined, considering the best and most effective use of this approach.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Malakhov V. А.
Polemic Issues in Determining the Methodology of Costs Audit at Ukrainian Enterprises (p. 263 - 268)
The concepts of auditing methodology from different sources have been considered, relationship of the concept of auditing methods with the concept of auditing methodology has been proved. The existing views of scholars on the concept of notion of «auditing method» have been generalized, the author's vision of the concept of «auditing methodology» has been suggested. Characteristics of the costs auditing methodology have been allocated in terms of different scientists' views. The developed and proposed for use in the domestic producing enterprises costs auditing methodology not only considers all the necessary elements, but also has an associated scale for assessing the efficiency of its application, consistent with an exhaustive list of the tasks of costs audit. The importance of the results obtained provides the ability to use them in practical activities of auditors and audit firms. A further direction of research is developing a methodology for income auditing as another key indicator of producing enterprise's activity.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №1-2016

Biletska N. V.
Role of Analytical Procedures when Auditing the Results of Main Activities of Enterprise (p. 248 - 252)
The article is concerned with studying the meaning and the role of auditing the results of management of the main activities of enterprise. Status of managing results of the main activities of economic entities has been analyzed. The actuality of auditing the main activities has been substantiated. Purposes of application of analytical procedures when conducting an audit has been outlined. Role of analytical procedures in auditing results of the main activities has been examined. An analysis of the theoretical aspect of analytical procedures in the audit has been conducted. Identification of analytical procedures with the analysis of financial condition has been refuted. The own interpretation of the concept of «analytical procedure» has been proposed. A list of analytical procedures by specific features in terms of stages of implementing an audit has been proposed. Use of analytical procedures at each stage of implementing an audit has been considered. The factors that are directly influencing the truthfulness of the final results of audit with application of procedures of analysis have been characterized.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Pylypenko L. M.
Comprehensive Income in Terms of Representing Efficiency by Enterprises of Postindustrial Economy (p. 253 - 257)
The article is aimed at studying content, composition and appointment of its comprehensive income statement, analyzing its compliance with the information requirements of the stakeholders of postindustrial economy enterprises. It has been found that comprehensive income actually reflects the amount of augmentation of contributed capital of enterprise, corresponding to the economic nature of its profit. It is reasoned that representation of comprehensive income in the public financial reporting allows enterprises to partially solve the problem of methodological dualism in the evaluation of their assets and performance results. It has been substantiated that particulars in the interpretation of comprehensive income depend both on the enterprise, the composition and structure of its own capital, and from the stakeholder, nature of the interest he attaches to the enterprise, etc. Prospects of the further researches in this direction are searching for objective criteria for the recognition of income and expenses, their distinction in determining the objects for depreciation – to financial results or directly to the change of components of shareholders' equity, because these criteria determine the structure of the comprehensive income of enterprise.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №3-2016

Vysochan O. S., Kish I. R.
Transformation of the Information Function of Accounting as a Response to the Challenges of the Contemporary Economics (p. 160 - 165)
The article is aimed at studying theoretical aspects of development of information function of accounting in the context of the information economics. Evolution of the common characteristics of information society has been considered, views of scholars on the definition of substance of information function of accounting have been systematized. The study identified a number of new strategically important tasks in the sphere of accounting, related to: studying the characteristics of information processes; profiling consumers of accounting information; compliance with latest accounting functions (social, coordination, etc.); ensuring the further development of national accounting models on the basis of international experience. It has been substantiated that realization of information function in the accounting system faces a number of problems, which, given the challenges of the contemporary economics and requirements on the part of managerial processes, is a priority for further research.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Reta M. V.
Accounting for Strategic Management: Theoretic-Methodological Foundations (p. 166 - 172)
The article is concerned with arrangement of the theoretic-methodological foundations of accounting for adapting its instrumentarium to the needs of strategic management. This publication has proved that, at the present stage of development, a significant number of factors has been accumulated that lead to the need to improve the methodology of accounting. Preconditions for improving the methodological base of accounting have been reviewed and critically analyzed. The major aspects of a number of accounting theories, describing the methodological foundations of building the information support for strategic development of business entities have been identified. Directions of improvement through a combination of related techniques together with modifications of traditional accounting methods, and using a combination of several approaches: procedural, additive, system- and activity-based, and axiological, have been substantiated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Iatsunska O. S.
Process of IFRS Implementation in Ukraine (p. 173 - 182)
The article is aimed at examining the theoretical foundations and prerequisites for implementation of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) in Ukraine according to the stages of its development, as well as analyzing its dynamics and structure. The theoretic foundations of and preconditions for the process of implementing IFRS in Ukraine at an early stage, and after their global distribution in the countries of the European Union have been determined. An analysis of the process of implementing IFRS by economic entities according to the organizational-legal forms has been conducted, and the fact of their wide distribution among large and medium-sized enterprises has been confirmed. The article emphasizes shortcomings in the functioning of Ukrainian institutions concerning the collection, compilation and exchange of statistical and administrative information on the State registration, results of economic activity by business entities, that consequently has negative impacts on the level of confidence to these information recourses and on reputation of the country as a whole. The need to supplement the National statistical classifier «Statistical classifier of organizational forms for economic entities» with expanded information on types of joint-stock companies has been outlined. Prospective for further researches in this direction is studying the process of implementing IFRS by economic entities at the regional level. Also, in the context of economic theory of networks, an empirical research networks both at the national level and the enterprises level is required due to the «network effects» that have influenced their decision to use IFRS.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Chudovets V. V., Zhurakovska I. V.
Problems of Accounting for Investment Property according to both National and International Standards (p. 183 - 187)
The article is aimed to analyze the theoretical and practical problems of accounting for investment property and formation on this basis of solutions tailored to the requirements of both national and international standards. The article examines the order of recognition, assessment and accounting in terms of investment property on the basis of domestic and foreign experience. Objective and subjective reasons have been identified, which contribute to the problems of accounting for investment property, namely: false reflection of objects as conventional fixed assets, complexity of the evaluation at fair value, difference between national and international accounting standards, etc. The article clarifies complexity of the practical implementation of ways to determine the fair value of investment property according to standards. Existence of differences between IFRS 40 and P(S)BU 32 has been identified in terms of accounting and reflecting in the reports investment property that leads to necessary transformation of financial statements. Solving of the allocated problems will allow more reliably reflect such assets in the financial statements in the future, generate relevant methodological recommendations for their accounting and to enhance the efficiency of their management.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №4-2016

Izmailov Y. O.
Accounting of Imports of Fixed Assets for the Investment-Innovative Development of Enterprises (p. 189 - 196)
The article is aimed at finding directions for increasing reliability, transparency and a systematic display in accounting the imported fixed assets for the investment-innovative development of enterprises with consideration of international practice as well as national features. The external macroeconomic indicators for imports that impact the investment-innovative development of economy of Ukraine have been analyzed. Substance of the category of «fixed assets» has been disclosed with a view to their reflection in the accounting. The article provides a technique of accounting and evaluation of imported fixed assets according to both national and international financial reporting standards, depending on the method of income, which will participate in the investment-innovative development of enterprise. Order of reflection in the accounting operations for imports of fixed assets with investment-innovation assignment by national importer have been systematized and presented, together with the alternatives for reflecting the exchange differences.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Maister L. A.
Particularities and Problematic Aspects of the Legislative Regulation of Accounting the Enterprises' Staff Remuneration (p. 197 - 201)
The article is aimed to study the theoretical foundations and applied aspects of the complex of factors and contemporary issues as to legislative regulation of accounting of the enterprises' staff remuneration. Both essence and meaning of the economic categories of «minimum wage», «subsistence minimum» and «single social tax» have been reflected. The normative order of establishing the staff minimum wage has been characterized and provided to assess the provision of social standards. The order of wages indexation, along with peculiarities of charging single social tax to the wages fund for enterprise's workers, taking into account new developments in the existing legislation, has been considered. The problem of inconsistence between the growth of inflation level and increases in the minimum wage has been identified, which requires urgent consideration and decision at the legislative level. The legal regulation of accounting the staff remuneration has been examined in the part of impact of changes in the minimum wage level on the paying up employees. Types of liability of directors of enterprises for violation of labor laws have been determined, which will ensure control and continuous compliance of settlements with staff and with the State in full.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Koroliuk N. M., Lozynskyi D. L.
The Role of Organization and Informational Provision of Managerial Accounting at Enterprise: Realities and Prospects (p. 201 - 205)
The article is aimed at identifying the role of organization of managerial accounting in the current conditions, as well as defining requirements for informational management, directed towards the effective managerial decisions. The article considers the essence and meaning of managerial accounting, international experience of its establishment, problems of its organization in the enterprises of different industry sectors in Ukraine. On the basis of researches, a number of directions, contributing to improvement of the organizational-methodical provision of managerial accounting has been proposed, in particular: 1) distinction between the financial and the managerial accounting; 2) improvement of methodical instrumentarium of managerial accounting and development of managerial analysis; 3) accounting the specificity of activity of both the enterprises and the industry sector; 4) integration of managerial accounting in one strategic management system; 5) selecting an accountant-analyst with consideration of his status, training of related specialists by educational institutions.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №6-2016

Rozheliuk V. M.
The Algorithmic Solution to the Problems of Harmonization the Accounting in Ukraine According to the Requirements of the International Financial Reporting Standards (p. 160 - 165)
The article discloses the theoretical foundations of harmonization of the accounting in Ukraine in accordance with the requirements of the international standards of accounting and reporting in the context of the European integration and the full development of the global partnership. A managing algorithm has been elaborated, in which stages of implementation of the harmonization process are presented in a logical sequence, thus providing the most optimal conditions to reach the ultimate goal of establishing a unified information environment, necessary for the effective development of economic entities. The researched scientific and practical international experience together with legislation provided the basis to justify the conclusion that the contemporary development of accounting at the international level can be the basis for improving its methodological and organisational framework in Ukraine. On this basis, positions on both the structure and the stages of the integrated approach to organization of accounting in the context of domestic realities have been generalized, stages for implementing this approach in practice have been defined, and their formalization using the functional, the ratio, the matrix, and other optimization methods has been implemented. A list of stages for implementation of the harmonization of accounting in Ukraine according to the international requirements has been proposed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Marenych T. H.
Transposition of the Requirements of the EU Directive No. 2013/34/EC to the National Legislation of Ukraine (p. 166 - 174)
The article is concerned with a generalization of the main differences between provisions of the Directive 2013/34/EC, the IFRS and the NAS and the development of provisions for the harmonization of Ukrainian legislation on accounting and financial reporting to standards of the European Union and the IFRS. It is substantiated, that Ukraine will continue to expand the use of IFRS. The features of the IFRS implementation into the domestic practice have been generalized. A critical analysis of the provisions of the EC Directive No. 2013/34/EC has been performed, both its positive aspects and its discussion points have been specified. A comparison of the basic options of the EC Directive, the IFRS and the NAS has been carried out. It has been proven that the adopted Directive adds a number of discrepancies with the IFRS. It has been concluded that an implementation of its provisions in the legislative field of Ukraine requires modernizing the existing Provisions (Standards) on Accounting clause towards closing the gap between the NAS and the IFRS, taking into account the requirements of the EU.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Voinova T. S., Multanivska T. V.
The Informational-Analytical Support to Formation of the Auditor's Professional Judgment on Continuity (p. 174 - 185)
The article is aimed at generalizing the theoretical foundations of the informational-analytical support to formation of the auditor's professional judgment on the continuity of activity and developing the practical recommendations for the auditor's engagement with the management. The author's definition of the concept has been substantiated and proposed, its composition has been determined. It has been found that, as one of the main tasks of the informational-analytical supporting the audit of continuity, in addition to the standard procedures for processing information, can be appropriate to allocate procedures for assessment of the degree of reliability of the information source through the definition of economic interests, information needs, and expectations of relevant management parties that provide such information. A set of measures has been elaborated to promote communication of auditor with management and those endowed with the highest authorities to adequately provide the sufficient and acceptable audit evidences of the process of formation of the auditor's professional judgment on approval for continuity of activity.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №7-2016

Yanchev A. V., Shekhovtsova D. D.
The Modern Concept of Organization of Internal Audit of the Cost Management of Enterprises in the Restaurant Industry (p. 119 - 124)
The article substantiates the necessity of organizing the internal audit of costs at enterprises in the restaurant industry that should allow decision makers to obtain confirmation of validity of data of the management accounting of costs and reporting for decision-making. The classification groupings of internal audit for the system of management of the enterprises' activities have been defined. An analysis of interpretation of the categories of «operating audit» and «managerial audit» has been carried out. The need for internal operating audit of costs at enterprises in the restaurant industry in view of the established vector of integration of management accounting and internal audit in conditions of transformation of market economy has been proved. Recommendations for improving efficiency of costs management have been suggested from the position of conformity with the current requirements of economic management in the competitive environment.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Romanenko S. V.
The Settlements, Which Make Use of Letter of Credit: Types and Accounting Treatment (p. 125 - 130)
The article is concerned with identifying the problematic issues of accounting treatment of settlements, which make use of letter of credit, critical analyzing the proposals by researchers as to addressing them, as well as developing of recommendations on how to address them. Types of letters of credit that affect methods of their accounting have been considered, the problematic issues in the course of their use have been described. An order of accounting treatment of the settlements, which make use of letter of credit, has been proposed taking into account their types. The necessity of opening a number of new as well as using the existing sub-accounts for accounting treatment at various stages of the settlements, which make use of letter of credit, has been substantiated. The article prompts proposals on organization of the analytical accounting of settlements with suppliers, issued bank loans, monetary documents. The necessity of fixing the mentioned proposals in the accounting policy of enterprise under the condition of using the settlement form of letter of credit has been substantiated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №8-2016

Iatsunska O. S.
The Procedure of Diminishing Utility of Fixed Assets: Organizational-Methodical Aspects (p. 130 - 140)
The article is concerned with studying existing approaches to formalization of the procedure of depreciation of assets, in particular fixed assets, and their further developing. It is found that the proposed approaches to formalizing the procedure of diminishing utility are largely duplicative and don't solve the problems (obstacles) specified, which prevent implementation the of P(S)A 28 «Diminishing utility of assets» into practice. The author's own approach to organization and methodology of implementing the procedure of devaluation has been proposed. This approach is provided in form of a structurally-logical schema, where the basic and interconnected four stages are allocated and substantiated. The need to refine and harmonize the domestic terminology of accounting concerning definiendum and definiens of the definition of «book (net book) value» has been specified that will make possible to overcome a certain inconsistency and observe the requirement of internationality when building up terms, and will also appear as progress towards convergence of national and international standards. The necessity of amending the feature of the bill 13 «Wear and tear (depreciation) of non-current assets» and its supplementing by the second order bill 136 «Losses from diminishing utility» with correspondence on the loan with the debit of the bill 97 «Other expenses» has been substantiated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №9-2016

Sysіuk S. V.
Problems and Prospects of Improvement of Accounting in Ukraine: Theoretical-Applied Aspects and International Requirements (p. 218 - 223)
Objectives of this article are: formulation of theoretical reasoning and formalization of the method for substantiating the expediency of selecting particular type of accounting; elaboration of suggestions on improving the categorical apparatus to clarify some of the existing normative-legal acts; substantiation of some actual directions of solving the methodological problems existing in accounting in connection with the international and European orientation of Ukraine. The article determines the main problems to be solved when providing achieving the transparency and clarity of domestic accounting data. It is proved that the basis for a solution to the problem concerning the harmonization of Ukrainian accounting system with international and European requirements, is the identification of the concept of «organization of accounting». In this regard, the author’s definition of this concept has been formulated. The method for selecting adequate for a particular company accounting form has been formalized. The problems associated with the implementation of international standards have been grouped. Topical direction of scientific research is to find ways to overcome the problems and difficulties when adapting national system of accounting to international standards with minimal risk and cost.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Shylga S. V.
Models and Factors of Audit and NAS Pricing: Literature Overview (p. 223 - 229)
The research is aimed at analyzing audit and NAS pricing models evolution with application of the narrative approach and testing the hypothesis of multi-variable mixed stochastic development of audit pricing models by the data envelopment analysis. The main findings support the hypothesis of pricing models shift from endogenous to exogenous factors that can be explained by the growing pressure of main stakeholders – clients and regulators – through their control of ethical, quality, social and public governance issues. The DEA allowed to range the factors in 3 main groups: 1) direct factors influencing pricing decision; 2) indirect factors influencing pricing decision; 3) one-off, episode factors of influence. With regard to the obtained results further research should be focused on challenges for developing countries affecting audit and NAS pricing models.

Article is written in English

BUSINESS INFORM №10-2016

Izmailov Y. O.
Formation of Principles of Accounting of Economic Activities of Enterprises in the Context of Investment and Innovation Development of Economy of Ukraine (p. 329 - 337)
The article is aimed at critical analyzing and theoretical improvement of principles of accounting and financial reporting as to results of economic activities of enterprises in the context of investment and innovation development of Ukraine's economy. An updated interpretation of the system of principles has been proposed, which is supplemented by new elements – duality and documentary registration. The proposed modernization of the accounting principles will provide: improving the theoretical basis of accounting; creating practical guidelines to the accountant to action; correctly forming the main indicators of activity of enterprise; obtaining reliable financial information, and in general – ability of efficient managing the enterprise. The advanced accounting principles will provide obtaining the account information, which will provide to make rational managerial decisions as well as find informed investment and innovative solutions.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Korol S. Y.
Accounting Cognition of Social Resposibility of a Bussiness (p. 338 - 342)
The article concentrates on the issues related to accounting of activities of a socially responsible business. The basis for the research is managers’ requirements to the data about economic, environmental and social impact of a company on the community, which depend on the level of implementation of the social responsibility principles in its economic activity. It has been found that the conventional accounting allows obtaining information on social responsibility of a company as either a separate event or a separate type of economic activity. It has been defined that the issues of accounting social responsibility facts is connected with the problem of their cost measurement and approval of the company economic activity in the process of primary observation. The use of the IFRS criteria for recognizing assets, obligations, revenues and expenditures of a company does not allow recording many events that are important for the parties concerned in accounting documents. In particular, the data about environmental and social aspects of the company activity do not comply with these criteria. It has been proved that further development of methodological approaches to the primary cognition of the facts of company economic activity will allow creating a sufficient database for making decisions, socially responsible management and economic, environmental and social efficiency of a company.

Article is written in English

Pavlykivska O. I., Marushchak L. I.
The Methodological Approaches to Defining Essence of Revenues and Expenses (p. 343 - 348)
The article considers features of order and compiling information on revenues and expenses with a view to their positive impact on both the business operations and the financial results of enterprise. An analysis of scientific-methodological approaches has been carried out, and a critical evaluation of definitions of «revenues» and «expenses» has been made that will meet the information needs of users on their implementation and optimization. Their main classification attributes have been researched and systematized. Methods for generating revenues and expenses together with a methodology for researching them have been provided, allowing to efficiently use the resources of enterprise and, at the same time, carry out an in-depth analysis of the factors, which would negatively impact the financial-economic activity of enterprise.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №11-2016

Farion A. I.
Express-Overview of the Process of Accounting Reformation in the Public Sector of the Ukrainian Economy (p. 313 - 320)
The process of adaptation of the Ukrainian accounting system to European standards is a significant step to the cooperation of Ukraine with the European Union. The implementation of the accounting modernization program in the public sector is going slower than in other areas, and it hinders the powerful driving force of reforms because the number of budgetary enterprises, institutions and organizations in Ukraine is more than 100 000 (entities in the spheres of education, science, sports, medicine, culture, public services, and legislative and executive institutions). In this respect searching for the new ways to improve national approaches to the modernization of the accounting system in the public sector of economy is very important since the cooperation of Ukraine with international organizations, financial institutions, and its activity in stock currency and investment markets should be conducted in compliance with international standards, require openness and transparency of the information on economic issues.

Article is written in English

Kosata I. A.
The Role and Place of Accounting in the Enterprise (p. 320 - 324)
Accounting takes one of the leading places in the system of enterprise management. It reflects the real processes of production, circulation, distribution, and consumption, comprising the information base for characterization of financial status and planning the activities of enterprise. Using the information provided by accounting, one can develop a strategy for the functioning of enterprise, including the following: 1) efficient use of available resources; 2) control of the current activity of enterprise; 3) planning its strategy and tactics; 4) eliminating subjectivity in the managerial decision-making; 5) forecasting indicators of the enterprise development, and 6) finding reserves to enhance the efficiency of its work. Thus, the accounting system is of great importance to the work of any enterprise, is designed to provide complete, accurate and reliable information to make informed managerial decisions, both by internal and by external users.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Naumova T. A., Kyrylieva L. O., Chernikova I. B.
The Organizational-Methodical Aspects of Quality Control of Audit Services in Accordance with the Legislation of Ukraine (p. 325 - 330)
Objectives of the article contain analyzing the current status of the market of auditing services of Ukraine and examining the basic directions of its development, studying characteristics of this segment of market, defining the components of the quality control as to audit services, taking account of interests of the major groups of users of financial reporting. An analysis of both the results of audit activities and the status of audit services market has shown that, along with the trend towards reducing the number of the audit activity entities in Ukraine, there has been a growth in the volume of services provided by the audit activity entities in the country, as a whole. Definitions of the term of «quality assurance of audit services» as well system for as evaluation of audit quality in the scientific and scientific-methodical literature have been researched. Both the place and the role of quality of audit services have been considered in accordance with the levels of ensuring control of their quality. The necessity of amending the Ukrainian law on audit activities that are aimed at improving the quality of audit services, improvement of business climate, and adaptation to the European Union legislation, has been substantiated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №12-2016

Dubovaya V. V.
Improving the National Foundations of the Standard Cost Accounting Method in the Industry (p. 229 - 237)
The article is aimed at modernization of the national foundations and improvement of techniques of the standard cost accounting method in the industry. Four options of the standard cost accounting method have been analysed using alternative accounting registers of the consolidated cost accounting. The key differences between the standard cost accounting method from its foreign counterpart «standard costing» have been allocated. According to the current requirements of accounting, a register of the consolidated production in terms of standard method has been developed, including implementation of the following accounting techniques: norming of production resources in the rests and losses of the process work and finished products; evaluation of the natural norms of resource cost in the process work and in finished products at original cost; calculation of the standard costs of resources in both the natural and the cost measurement together with deviations of the actual costs from the standard costs. A national edition of the methodical recommendations on application of the standard cost accounting method in the industry with the updated principles and techniques of accounting has been proposed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №1-2017

Kalinkin D. V.
The Recommendations on Harmonization of Internal Audit of the Budgetary Institutions (p. 251 - 255)
The article is aimed at developing methodical recommendations on harmonization of internal audit of the budgetary institutions. It is suggested to take into consideration development of internal documentation regulating the order of implementation of internal audit of a budgetary institution; creation of a rational structure of internal audit; determination of the range of issues related to internal audit, i.e. effective planning. It has been determined that improvement of harmonization of internal audit of the budgetary institutions in the context of reforming the State financial control system is advisable to be conducted stepwise, with the critical analysis of the conditions of functioning of a budgetary institution; modeling of organization of internal audit; optimum composition (number) of employees occupied with internal audit; assessing the value of internal audit; evaluation of the status of organization of internal audit of a budgetary institution; implementation of a number of activities to optimize the system of organization of internal audit.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Koliesnichenko A. S.
Accounting and Reporting in the Formation of an Efficient Information-Analytical Support of the System for Management of Economic Entities in the Financial-Credit and Budgetary Spheres (p. 256 - 262)
The article proves that reporting of economic entities provides to implement a comprehensive analysis of activities based on the use of all kinds of planning, regulatory, accounting, financial, statistical, reference, methodical, and other kinds of information. It is found that accounting of budgetary institution is characterized by more stringent regulation in comparison with the level of regulating the account discipline in the financial-credit sphere. It is determined that the complex of specific characteristics and nuances, inherent in the accounting and analytical environment, in which financial-credit and budgetary institutions are functioning, impose the appropriate mark on order and parameters of implementation of business operations, the rules of reflecting them in the financial, statistical and other documentation. On the basis of reflection of the key organizational aspects and results of analysis of the conceptual foundations of formation of an accounting system, the author has substantiated the existence of identical elements and methodological approaches to the formation of accounting as an important component of the information-analytical support of the management system for both budgetary and financial institutions, due to the similar nature and the logic of forming.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Vasyliuk M. M.
The Organizational Ensurance of the Quality Control of Audit and Auditing Services (p. 262 - 267)
The article explores the practice of organizing quality control of audit and peculiarities of implementing audit services in Ukraine. It has been proved that adaptation of audit in the national circumstances has a number of difficulties related to the poor development of the national economic environment. The peculiarities of organization of an in-house system for management of quality of auditing services were considered. Directions for improvement in the quality of professional audit services have been determined, recommendations on improving efficiency of a system for organizational ensurance of control and improving the quality of auditing services have been proposed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №2-2017

Korolyuk T. M.
The Analysis and Systematization of Scientific Research on Risk Issues in the System of Accounting, Analysis and Audit (p. 275 - 281)
The article is aimed at research, critical analysis and systematization of theses by domestic scientists on the issues of risk in the system of accounting, analysis and audit. It has been found that the main focus of the publication is given to studying of specific types of risk (audit risks, currency risks, risks to the factoring company, risks of economic activities of tour operators) or economic activity in the risk circumstances. To each of theses are inherent distinctive elements of scientific novelty, because of each author's own vision as to solution to certain problem situation. Given the provided purpose, objects, subject and scientific novelty of the researches, the main results are systematized in terms of organizational, theoretical-methodological, and methodical approaches. It has been found that most of the dissertation researches would focus on issues of risk analysis and risk audit, only a few domestic scientists explored the issue of risks in the accounting system. The article identifies directions for further research on defining essence of the notion of «risk» as the object of accounting, risk classification in accounting, displaying risks in the accounting.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Voinova T. S.
The Theoretical and Organizational Foundations of Implementing the Results of the State Tax Audit (p. 282 - 289)
The article is aimed at the theoretical substantiation of the approach to organizing the State tax audit and developing recommendations on improvement of the legal framework for implementation of its results. It has been concluded that terminological controversy over the appropriateness of the tax audit as a form of the State tax control is mainly driven by the relative newness of the term «audit» in the post-Soviet space. The legislative recognition of tax audit as a legal form of the State tax control was considered as a means of ensuring the legitimacy of findings of the State fiscal service of Ukraine in the part implementation of advanced world experience in the domestic practice, as well as implementation of real steps on transformation of tax inspections in the real tax audit. The theoretical approach to definition of the content of stages of State tax audit has been clarified. Further study will be required for issues of the analysis of features of use of sampling along with the concept of materiality related to distortions in the tax reporting when implementing the tax audit by the State fiscal service bodies, as well as development of policies and procedures for both the internal and the external quality control of the State tax audit.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Gerasymenko O. M.
Studying the Essence of the Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Context of its Accounting (p. 290 - 295)
The concept of «intangible cultural heritage» came into the scientific circulation, as well as the international legal acts, as a result of lengthy discussions and deliberations in the expert environment. The article is aimed at studying the essence of the intangible cultural heritage, features of its identification and possibilities for its recognition as an object of accounting. In Ukraine, the term «intangible cultural heritage» has not yet gained currency among actors in the sphere of culture and in the legal and regulatory acts. As an object of accounting, intangible cultural heritage is being partly considered in the international accounting standards in the public sector. Features of recognition and formation of accounting information on the intangible cultural heritage objects are not provided by any of the national standards. It has been concluded that a prerequisite to improving the approaches to account both the material and the intangible assets with the cultural, historical value is combining them on relevant characteristics in a group of «Heritage assets» that would be possible when developing a separate accounting standard for such assets. Accounting of the intangible cultural heritage does not contradict the UNESCO recommendations and is important for management of such assets.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Vysochan O. O., Yasinskaya A. I.
Accounting and Distributing the Costs for the Non-Budgetary Non-Profit Organization (p. 296 - 301)
The article is aimed at developing methods for accounting and distribution of costs for the non-budgetary non-profit organizations. An information model of receipt, distribution and use of financial resources of a non-budgetary non-profit organization within the structure of interrelationships of «accounting – management» has been proposed. The existing methods for distribution of the indirect costs of the non-budgetary non-profit organization in proportion to the direct costs on the projects have been improved. According to them, distribution of the indirect costs for projects of the non-budgetary non-profit organization is proposed to implement in four stages: defining the amounts of the direct costs in terms of projects that will be used as the base of distribution; calculating the coefficients of distribution; allocating from the total indirect costs, accrued in the reporting month, the value authorized to reimburse for a particular project; defining the amount of the indirect costs relating to a specific period during the reporting month. Also an analysis of the accounting practices of the indirect costs using the accounts of 8th and 9th grades was carried out. Prospect for further research in this direction is finding solution to the problem of relevance and consistency of the methodological logic of using the accounts of «Production», «Administrative costs», and «Other costs of the operating activity» for the cost accounting.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Vasyliuk M. M.
The Institutional Approach to the Quality of Activity of the Audit Actors (p. 302 - 306)
In the article is discovered that one of the reasons for the lack of competitiveness of economic entities in Ukraine is a poor quality of status of the institutional environment. As a result of the author’s own research, the necessity for definition and approaching to auditing as an audit institution has been substantiated. In this regard, the relationship of the process of establishing an audit institution with institutionalization of the concept of auditing quality is taken into consideration. According to the results of the analysis, carried out by the author, directions for ensuring the auditing quality through a modern system of institutional regulation of the auditing activity have been formulated. The article substantiates the conclusion that importance of the institutional relations for the auditing activity participants is that they are the primary mechanism for satisfaction and harmonizing diverse interests that depend on their objectives, experience, and the knowledge acquired.

Article is written in English

BUSINESS INFORM №3-2017

Marenych T. H.
The Economic Operation as the Primary Unit of Observation in Accounting (p. 331 - 335)
The article is aimed at the scientific substantiation of meaning of facts of economic activity of enterprise for the system of accounting, essence of economic operations, and their classification. It has been proved that definition of the term of «economic operation» in both the regulatory documents and the scientific literature makes it impossible to unambiguous interpretation of essence of this notion. It has been substantiated that the primary unit of observation in accounting is exactly the economic operation, which confirms the real fact of economic activity. It has been specified that to the facts of economic activity can be included treaty, event, occurrence, process, operation, causing impact on the financial status, financial performance and cash flows of enterprise, or changing the value of the enterprise’s off-balance sheet assets and liabilities. A classification of economic operations by various attributes has been suggested in order to ensure the systemacity in consideration of this category. It has been concluded that identification of facts of economic activity will deepen the content of subject of accounting.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Prokopenko Z. V.
The Current Condition of the Legal and Regulatory Framework for Accounting the Activities of the NBFIs (p. 336 - 339)
The article studies and evaluates condition of the current legal and regulatory framework for accounting the activities of non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs). The directions of manifestation of accounting have been defined, requirements of the State to its organization and methodology have been characterized. Activities of the major regulatory institutions has been explored, a grouping and an analysis of normative-legal acts have been carried out. A manifestation of the accounting system has been identified, which confers it the functions of socio-economic nature. It has been determined that information asymmetry and accounting system are interrelated, because accounting should satisfy the information needs of both the internal and the external users.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Zhurakovska I. V., Chudovets V. V.
Improving the Methods for Accounting the Coverages of Payments to Employees (p. 340 - 345)
The article is aimed at exploring the theoretical and practical problems of accounting the coverages of payments to employees and developing on this basis ways of addressing them. An analysis of both the international and the national accounting standards, practices of domestic enterprises, as well as scientific works of scientists, has helped to identify the problematic issues of accounting the coverages of payments to employees, including: ignoring the disclosure in accounting and reporting, absence of an adequate documentary support, complexity of the calculation methods, etc. The authors have suggested ways to improve accounting of payments to employees: documentation of coverages through the development of a Statement of the accrued coverages, simplification of calculation of payments to employees together with the related reflecting in the analytical accounting, disclosure in the accounting policy, and so forth. Such decisions would improve accounting the coverages of payments to employees, increase the frequency of applying such coverages in enterprises and their disclosure in the financial statements.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Korol S. Y.
The Information Provision of the Non-Financial Reporting (p. 346 - 352)
The article is aimed at developing the methodological foundations together with a scientific substantiation of the methodical recommendations for accounting and information provision of the non-financial reporting of enterprise. As a basis for this study have been taken recommendations by the Global Reporting Initiative. The indicators of non-financial report have been grouped with regard to their possible information provision. The article proves the possibility to use a single database to generate both financial and non-financial reporting based on the identification of the common accounting objects, formating a unified system of quantitative and qualitative characteristics. The expediency of using the faceted classification of accounts for organization of analytical accounting has been substantiated. New approaches to registration of both quantitative and qualitative data about facts of economic life of a socially responsible enterprise have been suggested, which make use of different algorithms for simple recording to odd and even accounts.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Samchuk K. I.
Evaluating and Calculating the Costs for Staff Recruitment (p. 352 - 356)
The article explores the components of the accounting method such as evaluation and calculation. It has been found that these constituents occupy an important place both in the overall staff costs and the costs for recruitment in particular, because in the future information about such costs may impact managerial decisions. Despite the fact that the costs for staff recruiting are the pure administrative costs of enterprise, there is a need to identify them with the separate workspaces for management purposes. For the apportionment of the costs for recruitment, it has been suggested to determine the distribution base depending on the category of coworkers. The author investigated the normative-legal acts of Ukraine concerning the calculation of the self-cost of production (works, services), which provide the following methods of calculation: job-order, simple, normative, process, standard-cost, direct cost. Proceeding from the analysis of the normative-legal acts, it can be seen the the most of the above mentioned methods of calculation are used to determine the self-cost of production, i.e. in the sphere of production. Given the specifity of the recruiting services, the author has suggested to use the integrated job-order and process method.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №4-2017

Suprunova I. V., Kyryluk B. L.
The Features of Stock Valuation in the Context of Computerized Accounting (p. 302 - 307)
The valuation of assets, in particular stocks, has always been one of the main accounting issues, since there is a variance in the determination of the transaction amount, which is a topical task for management. The choice of stock valuation should be considered in terms of economic feasibility, determination of financial result, and be part of the enterprise’s strategic plan. The article defines methods for valuation of decrease in the production stock, their advantages and disadvantages, considers directions of modeling the stock valuation in Ukraine, the USSR, and the IFRS, for each of these can offer an alternative choice. Automation of the relevant processes in the enterprise has been considered, which ensures the timeliness of calculations and the choice of the best valuation variant, reduces the labor intensity and generally creates a unified information and communication system for enterprise, with a view to prompt providing data on assets and, in particular, on stocks.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Nazarenko I. М.
The Financial Audit of the Enterprise’s «Balance (Financial Status Report)»: Organizational-Methodical Aspects and the Algorithmization Process (p. 308 - 313)
The publication is aimed to provide scientific substantiation for the organizational-methodical aspects and the algorithmization of the financial audit process of the «Balance (financial status report)». It has been proven that financial auditing through transformation has expanded the functional role of auditing. The author emphasizes that the financial audit of the «Balance (financial status report)» should be directed to confirming the validity and consistency of showings in this form of financial reporting with the requirements of Ukrainian legislation, the internal regulations of the economic entities, and the expert assessment of the financial state. Financial auditing is also designed to diagnose solvency (financial sustainability), liquidity and business activity; to assess the threats of bankruptcy; to determine the worthiness and value of entrepreneur. An algorithm for financial auditing of the «Balance (financial status report)» of enterprise has been developed, with organizational, research, and performance phases as constituent parts.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Pasternak M. M.
The Common Technique for Analyzing the Financial Results Report (p. 313 - 317)
The article is aimed at generalizing the theoretical approaches to the structure and elements of the technique for analysis of the Financial results report (Cumulative income report) and providing suggestions for its improvement. The current methods have been analyzed, relevance of the application of a common technique for such analysis has been substantiated. A common technique for analyzing the Financial results report has been proposed, which includes definition of the objectives and tasks of analysis, subjects and objects of analysis, sources of its information. Stages of such an analysis were allocated and described. The findings of the article can be used to theoretically substantiate and to practically develop a technique for analyzing the Financial results report in the branches of Ukrainian economy.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Rozheliuk V. M., Denchuk P. N.
The Formation of Accounting Policies for Processing Enterprises in the Context of Adaptation of National Regulations to the International Standards of Accounting and Reporting (p. 318 - 323)
The article defines principles for preparation of accounting policies using both domestic and foreign experience, generalizes scientific and theoretical approaches, and improves the wordings of the concept of «accounting policy». The feasibility of conducting a preliminary assessment of efficiency of organizational activities through the use of the criteria generalized in the accounting policy has been substantiated, the legal and regulatory levels have been highlighted, taking into consideration the existing legislation. The procedure for determining the accounting policy parameters and directions has been disclosed, requirements to the formation of accounting policy have been defined, influencing of factors on its formation in market conditions has been researched. Recommendations for the main sections of the accounting policy order in the processing enterprise have been formulated, a list of parts of the accounting policy order has been determined, taking into consideration the organization and technology of the working process of processing enterprises in the circumstances of market economy. A comparison of international and national regulations on the formation of accounting policies for the market-based enterprises has been carried out.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Liakhovych H. І.
The Stages of Implementing the Accounting Outsourcing (p. 324 - 328)
The article is aimed at substantiating the procedure for implementing the accounting outsourcing, determining its stages and phases, and to address the problematic issues that arise through the main phases. The general sequence of outsourcing of accounting functions has been disclosed. It has been proposed to allocate preparatory, technological and performance stages in the course of the accounting outsourcing process. It has been found that determining the procedure and organization of the transition to accounting outsourcing is crucial in ensuring its efficiency, so that greater emphasis is placed on the first stage. A sequence of actions in the substantiation of choice for outsourcing as a form of accounting organization has been determined. The list of criteria of choice from the enterprises-outsourcers for accounting record-keeping has been clarified.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Burlan S. A., Katkova N. V.
The Organizational Support of Formation of the Integrated Enterprise Reporting (p. 329 - 334)
The article considers the organizational aspects of formation of the integrated reporting in a contemporary enterprise in the context of the functional purpose of this reporting as an element of the information support for the managerial decision-making process. The main issues of the organizational support for the process of building an effective integrated reporting system at an enterprise have been defined, accounting of which would help to obtain the expected results and ensure that objectives of the information support for the managerial decisions are met. The article provides recommendations for the organization of a system for the integrated accounting and control, formation of the integrated reporting, processes for the input, processing and using information for preparation of integrated reporting; an organizational model of the process of formation of the integrated reporting for enterprise has been proposed. It has been specified that the institutional systems of contemporary enterprises should have the potential capabilities to transform information on financial and non-financial aspects of activities into economic value.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №5-2017

Khorunzhak N. M., Petrushchak S. M.
The Problematic Aspects of Accounting the Transaction Costs and Ways to Address Them (p. 221 - 228)
The article is aimed at a theoretical generalization of the nature and causes of appearance of transaction costs, development of proposals on formation of an effective model for their management, including the proposals on the basis of improved accounting for brewery enterprises. According to the carried out analysis of the authors’ positions on accounting, including the positions related to reflection of transaction costs in the accounting records, it has been concluded about expediency to account such costs by types, although only in regard to the activities, directed toward sales of production. A goal tree graph has been built to ensure the rationality of research on elaborating the classification (grouping) of transaction costs and on substantiating the composition of working accounts for their accounting. In order to ensure the continuity and timeliness of including the transaction costs into the prime cost of the production sold, it has been proposed to use planning and reporting calculations. An approach has been developed to determine the planned inclusion of transaction costs in the prime cost of the production sold (exponential average). An appropriate model for recording the transaction costs has been built. Prospect for further research will be construction of the efficient policy decisions concerning the enterprise’s activities, based on the above conception of the system of management of transaction costs together with its information base.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Malikov V. V.
The Accounting Policy of Enterprise and its Contents in the Practical Aspect of Application (p. 229 - 233)
The accounting policy of enterprise and the manner of its formation is a rather complex process, which should not only involve the selection of several accounting options but also act within the framework of existing legislation. The accounting policy of enterprise is the backbone of any activity of an economic entity, as it establishes an accounting procedure based on a comprehensive analysis of the possible options. The article is aimed at developing the contents of accounting policy, which will provide for creating a workable document, using experience of leading scientists. Since the accounting policy of enterprise is primarily intended to provide true and full coverage of the activity of economic entity, which is implemented in practice through preparation of financial reporting, it would be appropriate to generate its contents in terms of the reporting sections. That is, in a general way, the issues to be reflected in the accounting policy of enterprise should have a separate structure for each item of financial reporting: for the constituent assets, the capital and liabilities; the estimate on the balance sheet date; the estimate on decrease; the estimate on revenues and costs.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №6-2017

Tymchenko O. M., Sybirianska Y. V., Svyrydenko O. O.
The Risks of Development and Implementation of Unified Reporting on the Income Tax of Natural Persons and the Single Contribution to Compulsory State Social Insurance (p. 227 - 233)
The development of a uniform reporting form on the income tax of natural persons (ITNP) and a single contribution to compulsory State social insurance (SSC) is a topical issue, taking into account the objective, set in the course of tax reform, to simplify the procedures for completing statements and reporting to fiscal authorities. Despite the existence of a suitable framework for the development of a uniform form, the activities of merging, transforming, reducing the number of reporting forms are accompanied by certain risks. The authors have systematized the discussion and problem aspects of the process of developing and implementing a unified reporting format for ITNP and SSC. The article identifies the risks associated with uncertainty of the results of tax and pension reforms, different views as to content of the reporting forms on the part of fiscal authorities and on the part of bodies of the Pension fund of Ukraine, harmonization of the timing of accounting and its types. Attention is focused on the internal and the external risk sources. A warning about the possible amalgamation of ITNP and SSC into one tax has been reasoned. Recommendations for removing obstacles to the harmonization process have been proposed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Bytkivska A. V.
The Types and Specificities of Auditing in the Procedures of Recovering the Solvency of Enterprises (p. 234 - 239)
The article is concerned with the systematization of types and the disclosure of specificities of auditing as well as audit services in the process of recovering the solvency of domestic enterprises. The main types of audit have been allocated and their features have been characterized. It has been determined that both internal and external audit may take place in the procedures of readjustment (judicial and pre-trial), disposition of property, and the settlement agreement, the latter being a more effective form of control. In the author’s view, the main type of audit of the financially insolvent enterprises should be acknowledged the audit of financial statements, which differs from the traditional audit, depending on which it can be positioned as before- and post-readjustment. The specifics of readjustment audit have been identified, the purpose of which is to confirm the validity, efficiency, and achievability of the readjustment plan. An indicative list of other audit services has been provided, which may be expanded depending on the current procedure and the needs of customer. Expediency of establishing, at the legislative level, the mandatory auditing in the procedures of recovering the solvency has been substantiated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №10-2017

Kovalevska N. S., Naumova T. A., Korobkina I. S.
Analyzing the Contents of the Orders on Accounting Policy of Hotel Industry Enterprises (p. 289 - 295)
The article is aimed at carrying out an analysis of the contents of the orders on accounting policy of hotel industry enterprises and developing an optimal structure of the accounting policy parameters for the enterprises in this sphere. The contents of the «On accounting policy» orders was analyzed in terms of the organizational, technical and methodological divisions of the hotel industry enterprises of the Kharkiv region. In order to optimize the accounting process at the hotel industry enterprises, a structure of the hotel’s accounting policy parameters has been developed and recommendations have been made to improve the methodology of its design, which would facilitate rationalizing the formation of information resources to manage enterprise and improve performance without significant changes in the organizational structure and substantial financial investment.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Nazarova K. O., Kopchikova I. V.
Auditing for the Corporate Fraud Prevention (p. 296 - 300)
The main threats to business are: competitors; supervisory and investigative bodies; tax system; crisis developments; currency exchange rates and so on. However, the world experience of recent decades has shown that not only external phenomena but also own employees can be perceived as tangible threats to business. On the part of the staff, there are, for various reasons, provocations, errors, deception or fraud, which could infringe security of enterprise. The article examines the status and dynamics of corporate fraud in Ukraine and in the world, the most common ways of detecting fraud, the methods that are used to counter it, as well as preventive means. The need to counter fraud within the corporate organization has been substantiated, efficiency of the internal and the external audits in detecting and preventing deception and fraud of employees of enterprise has been proven. The existing ways of detecting fraud in Ukraine were analyzed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №11-2017

Koliesnichenko A. S.
The Theoretical Analysis of the Definition of «Financial Investments» and Harmonization of the Accounting and Auditing System in Accordance with the IFRS and the ACI (p. 282 - 288)
The article systematizes the existing views on the category of «Financial Investments» (FI) and substantiates that the ideology of financial investment be disclosed by determining the degree of regulation of this concept. In accordance with both normative and scientific approaches a matrix of the terminological essence of definition of FI was constructed, on the basis of which three fundamental components were allocated: object-static, dynamic, and target. Elements of the concept of «financial investments» had been structured and a component analysis was carried out, which became the basis for constructing the logic of interpretation of this economic category with the purpose of leveling theoretical differences in the interpretation of financial assets in terms of harmonizing their accounting with the IFRS and the ACI. It has been substantiated that there is a transition to the more developed theoretical level of perception of FI, which is expressed in the interpenetration of economic and legal branches of knowledge in the context of interpretation of this scientific category while positioning investment processes in the international coordinate system.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Malikov V. V.
Calculating the Self-Cost: Consolidation of Management and Accounting Approaches (p. 289 - 292)
Calculating the self-cost is one of the most important processes in both accountance and management accounting. The article is aimed at developing the order of interaction between management accounting and accountance in the implementation of calculating the self-cost, which will reduce the accounting work and most reliably determine the self-cost level. The author has allocated three stages of calculating the self-cost, which maximally unite approaches of management and accounting to the given question, create an opportunity to determine not only the break-even (normative-profitable) volume of production (sales) together with the break-even (normative-profitable) price, but also the real profitability of product, as well as significantly reduce the volume of accounting work by using the data already available from another accounting calculation.

Article is written in Russian

Adamyk O. V., Sachenko S. I.
Auditing the Functional Part of the CAS Software (p. 293 - 299)
The article is aimed at determining the order and methodology of auditing the functional component of the software for an computer accounting system (CAS). It has been found that software auditing should be performed separately for each of its components. The components of the functional part of the CAS software are the database management system (DBMS) and the application software supporting the accountance automation. For auditing of the first component part are used such techniques as general evaluation, subject check of the embedded algorithms of information processing. Auditing the client software algorithms is carried out by means of the control data method, which is reduced to such procedures as creation of another database of test data with imaginary objects and its processing by the client program, as well as introduction in a copy of the real database of imaginary objects (employees, creditors, material values) and the formation of reporting. Not only the current methods of calculation or evaluation of accounting objects, but all of the software, are subject to mandatory verification. This will avoid errors if the enterprise accounting policy changes.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Nechyporuk N. V.
The Economic Essence of Land Resources: the Accounting Dimension (p. 299 - 306)
The article is aimed at exploring the economic content of the concept of «land resources» as an object of accountance, establishing its relationship with the following terms: «land», «natural capital», «land capital», «land property». On the basis of consideration of the essence of the concept of «land» at the legislative level and an analysis of definitions of the content of this category it has been determined that «land» is a special kind of biological asset, means of production, and the spatial basis of placement and development of branches of the national economy. According to results of an analysis of the essence of the terms of «natural capital» and of «land capital», it has been determined that it is inadvisable to include these concepts in the set-up of accountance objects. The invidiousness of identification of the concepts of «land resources» and of «land» has been proved, as these concepts are related as general and private. It has been substantiated, that the land resources are the object of accountance, and the land property acts as a unit of accounting of land resources.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Mysiuk V. O.
The Quality of the Internal Control System in Accordance with the SOX Requirements (p. 306 - 312)
With regard to the actualization of problematic issues related to the inclusion of the domestic market in the open economy area, there is a question of assessing the quality of control environment of the companies represented therein. One of the ways to improve the reliability of the internal control system (ICS) is its assessment on compliance with the provisions of the Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX). That is why the problematic issue for such companies today is the formation and provision of an internal control system policy that would allow managers of different levels to use a single document and would consider its periodic comprehensive assessment on the basis of an expanded list of control tests. The article substantiates the necessity to form an expanded set of tests for assessment of the ICS, which will help to identify its gaps and promptly take measures to prevent their occurrence in the future.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Akimova N. S., Toporkova O. V.
The Information Support of the Internal Control of Receivables and Accounts Payable (p. 312 - 317)
The article substantiates the necessity of organization of internal audit of receivables and accounts payable at the trade enterprises, which will allow the decision-makers to obtain confirmation of the validity of the accountance data. The theoretical substantiation of bases of monitoring together with necessity of its carrying out in the accountance system of accounts receivable and accounts payable was considered. The scheme on interaction of subjects of control has been proposed, in terms of which each of the examined subjects of control is in constant information interaction with other divisions. To effectively control the movement of debt, trade organizations are encouraged to use the forms of operational reporting developed as part of improving internal audit as a tool to enhance the efficiency of the internal control system.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Hrabchuk I. L., Laichuk S. M., Liakhovych H. І.
Outsourcing and Insourcing as Instruments to Build the Optimal Structure of the Enterprise’s Accounting Service (p. 318 - 322)
The article is aimed at determining the optimal organizational structure of accounting service in connection with the emergence of modern forms of accountance – outsourcing and insourcing. The approaches to interpretation of the organizational structure of the accounting service have been defined, as well as the main factors influencing its building in the current conditions have been identified. The basic criteria for the enterprise’s selection of outsourcing or insourcing in the course of construction of an accounting service structure have been provided. The peculiarities of organization of work at the enterprise-outsourcer depending on its territorial placement have been determined, that defines the model of accounting and the way of organization of information infrastructure. Prospect of further research is substantiation of determining the economic feasibility of the enterprise’s transition to the accounting outsourcing.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №12-2017

Berezhniy Y. B.
The Theoretical and Empirical Approaches to the Definition of Audit Risk (p. 365 - 369)
The risk category is one of the key factors in planning the audit and assessing its results. The article is aimed at generalizing the theoretical and empirical approaches to the definition of audit risk and methods of its reduction. The structure of audit risk was analyzed and it has been determined, that each of researchers approached to structuring of audit risk from the subjective point of view. The author’s own model of audit risk has been proposed. The basic methods of assessment of audit risk are generalized, the theoretical and empirical approaches to its definition are allocated, also it is noted, that application of any of the given models can be suitable rather for approximate estimation, than for exact calculation of an audit risk, as it is accompanied by certain shortcomings.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №1-2018

Voskresenska T. І.
The Outsourcing of Accountance: Essence and Peculiarities of the Spread in Ukraine (p. 254 - 259)
The article researches the essence and defines peculiarities of carrying out the outsourcing of accountance by both audit and consulting companies. The main tendencies of the outsourcing of accountance in Ukraine have been disclosed and the factors contributing to its spread have been analyzed. A simplified procedure of implementation of the outsourcing of accountance has been provided. The possible basic financial and non-financial advantages at using the outsourcing of accountance have been grouped and analyzed. The factors that significantly influence the cost of the outsourcing of accountance for economic entities have been systematized. The main groups of the outsourcing of accountance services have been named and their components have been allocated. The need for a legislative settlement of the transfer of responsibility for the quality of the indicators provided in accounting and reporting, from the management of the enterprise to the outsourcer of accountance has been determined.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Lukin V. О., Mаliarevskyi Y. D.
The Accounting Policy: Paradoxes of Implementation in Ukraine (p. 259 - 266)
The article is aimed at researching the contradictions associated with the use of the term of «accounting policy» in Ukraine. It is displayed that in normative documents the formulation of accounting policy does not always meet the requirements of the system of international standards. As a result, accounting policies are often being understand as the measures that are actually related to the accounting organization; an accounting policy is established not only for financial accounting and reporting, but also (not always justified) for the managerial and tax accounting. It has been proved that the current accounting policy has not only positive but also negative aspects for the national accounting system.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №2-2018

Mulinska H. V.
The Accounting and Procedure for Inclusion of the Cost of Transport Services in the Operating Costs of Trading Enterprises of the Retail Market of Oil Products (p. 204 - 209)
The article is aimed at presenting the order of including the cost of transport services in the initial cost of oil products at the time of their purchase by invoicing. The essence of «invoicing» of transport services is disclosed, the order of including the cost of transport services in the initial cost and cost of petroleum products by means of invoicing is illustrated. The conditions and risks of invoicing of transport expenses are clarified, features of the tariff setting for transportation of oil products by railway transport are researched. Prospective directions for further researches are: analysis of criteria of selection of the base of distribution of difference between planned and actual cost of transport services during the reporting period; search for automation of the invoicing process on the basis of automated accounting and reporting systems in the sphere of trade; examining of the invoicing process in the context of transfer pricing in the event that transport services are provided by one of the internal divisions of the enterprise of retail trade in oil products.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Laichuk S. M.
The Pricing of the Accountance Outsourcing Services (p. 210 - 214)
The article is aimed at determining the order of pricing of the accountance outsourcing services together with problematic issues accompanying this process. The main factors influencing the amount of fees for the accountance outsourcing services are considered: organizational-legal form of management, system of taxation and payment of VAT, number of economic operations, number of employees, type of activities, etc. The pricing models that can be used by the outsourcing company in determining the cost of the accountance outsourcing services are defined. The emphasis is made on establishing of a differential approach to customer firms in determining the cost of services by outsourcers. Prospect for further research is substantiating for determining the economic feasibility of transition of economic entities to the accountance outsourcing.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Hordopolov V. Y.
Assessing the Status of Organization and Accountance Methodology in Foreign Economic Activity of Enterprises (p. 215 - 223)
The article is aimed at assessing the current status of organization and accountance methodology of foreign economic activity of enterprises in the light of the need to change modern development objectives of foreign economic relations at both micro- and macro-levels. The modern tendencies of development of foreign economic relations of enterprises were researched in the context of influence of foreign policy on functioning of entities of foreign economic activity. The problematic aspects related to the conducting of foreign policy of the country are identified, ways of solving these issues, which are offered in various scientific sources, are analyzed. Ways of modification of accountance system have been determined in the context of influence of changes of tendencies of development of foreign economic activity on both micro- and macro-levels.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №3-2018

Storozhuk T. M., Burdeha K. O.
The Professional Judgement of Accountant in Determining the Composition of Non-Negotiable Tangible Assets in the Light of Harmonization with the IFRS (p. 271 - 275)
The need to expand the autonomy of enterprises based on the use of professional judgment by accounting workers in the formation of composition and determination of the objects of non-negotiable tangible assets has been substantiated. The general attributes of identification of the objects of non-negotiable tangible assets have been defined. With the purpose of adaptation of the national practice with the international standards, the authors prove the necessity of independent definition, in terms of the accounting policy of enterprise on the basis of professional judgement, approaches on reflection in accounting of spare parts and groups of the other non-negotiable tangible assets as stocks or as basic means; objects of the social and cultural sphere – as fixed assets or other non-negotiable assets; the right to transfer library funds to tangible or intangible assets. The main factors of object determination and composition of non-negotiable tangible assets have been determined on the basis of professional judgment.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №4-2018

Bezruchuk S. L.
The Transformation of the «Reliability of Information» Criterion in the System of Accountance (p. 256 - 260)
The article is aimed at defining the concept and criteria of reliability in the system of accountance. The falsification of reporting in today’s environment poses a serious threat to the stability of the current world system. That is why it is important to define approaches to assessing the quality of financial statements. Reliability is one of the most ambiguous categories of quality. Until now there is no clear understanding of reliability, there are no criteria for its definition and relationship with the quality of financial statements. It usually means either an objective display of the actual processes, or absence of errors. In accountance, however, this term has been transformed, which is evident particularly in view of the fact that its interpretation differs in various countries. If some consider reliable the information in the reporting, which is displayed on the basis of reliable documents, for others it can be not enough, so they can demand for a correct estimation of property and obligations, an inventory, absence of errors (both intentional and not intentional). The legislation of Ukraine in the sphere of accountance, which determines reliability as absence of errors and twists, is imperfect in this concern. At the same time, the category of «twist» is not considered anywhere

Article is written in Ukrainian

Krutova A. S., Nesterenko O. O.
The Prospects of Development of an Accounting System of Enterprises of Ukraine (p. 261 - 266)
The article is aimed at developing a multi-purpose integrated accounting system, which is able to provide information for calculating indicators of the integrated report for all sections and allows to expand the object composition of accountance. It is proved that the basis of information provision of the management of modern business is the priority perception of accountance as a producer of accounting-reporting information. It is substantiated, that for formation of the integrated reporting it is necessary to introduce into practical activity of economic entities a multi-purpose integrated accounting system which represents an integral accounting-analytical complex. The multi-purpose integrated accounting system includes a traditional accountance system and is complemented by environmental, social, and strategic constituents. The complex characteristic of ecological, social, and strategic accounting is provided, their methods are defined, and the information which they produce is systematized.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №5-2018

Riabchuk O. H., Matiiko O. O.
The Problems of Organizational-Methodical Approaches to Accounting of Receivables and Directions of Solution (p. 261 - 267)
The article systematizes the views of scholars on the interpretation of essence of receivables, the author’s own approach to the concept is formed. The necessity of effective organization of accountance in terms of enterprise’s accounts receivable with the purpose of ordering of information, transparency and reliability of the data on settlements with debtors is substantiated. The author reasons the relevance of carrying out audit of receivables to stimulate the company to more careful conduct of settlement operations, inventory of receivables, measures to recover it. The main problems of the organizational-methodical approaches to accountace of the enterprise’s accounts receivable are analyzed, also the possible directions of solving them are indicated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Driha O. P.
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Application of the Asset Securitization Mechanism in the Context of Accountance (p. 267 - 272)
The article is aimed at defining the advantages and disadvantages of the asset securitization mechanism. Expediency of application of securitization of assets in Ukraine considering foreign experience is reasoned. The analysis of scientific works of foreign and domestic scholars for identifying and systematizing of views concerning advantages and disadvantages of application of the mechanism of securitization of assets is carried out. Lack of both the generally accepted definition of securitization and a general methodological base for the accounting of related operations is determined. The author provides both advantages and disadvantages of the asset securitization mechanism for such entities as: originator, investor, and the country as a whole.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Shyshkova N. L.
Analytical Instruments for Ensuring Security and Quality of Accounting Information (p. 273 - 280)
Reformatting and introducing of the newest practices of control-analytical activity with application of modern information technologies of processing of the accounting information becomes the basis for making optimal managerial decisions. The existing realities testify to the presence of problems in information security of accounting information, which reduces the confidence in the reporting by economic entities. The article considers the stages and sequence of implementing tasks of management and control over security and quality of accounting information as the basis of effective managerial decisions. The content of the stages of improvement of security and quality of the company’s accounting information is substantiated not only in order to identify threats, but also to determine the measures which can facilitate a more reliable reflection of results of financial-economic activity in the financial and tax reporting. The analysis of actual problems on detection, modeling and measurement of intensity of influence of unmanaged factors is carried out. It is proved that improvement of security and quality of accounting information will reduce the time for registration of operations, improve the system of documentation management, improve internal communication.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №6-2018

Chernikova I. B., Kvаshа O. O.
Managerial Accounting in the Unified Accountance System of Decision-Making (p. 323 - 328)
The article considers many researches in the field of organizing of managerial accounting, that makes it possible to assert that today among scholars there is no single point of view as to definition of managerial accounting, its functions, tasks, attitude to accountance, which, in turn, affects the efficiency of its implementation in the practical activities of Ukrainian enterprises. The main shortcomings associated with the lack of access to management data on strategically important processes occurring in the internal and external environment are defined. It is suggested to unite by segments the conceptual directions of development of today’s accountance through: introduction of managerial accounting; development of new scientific conceptions of accounting; improvement of domestic legislative base in the context of definition of accountance as a system in which accounting information is formed. Recommendations on the use of managerial accounting methods that provide planning and effective control in the implementation of proposed activities in the perspective are provided.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Kosata I. A.
The Primary Documents as Foundation of Accountance (p. 329 - 332)
The article is aimed at conducting a thorough analysis of the significant consequences for enterprise’s accountance, caused by the introduction of changes in the basic normative acts. The article also examines in detail the changes and their impact on accountance, since it is the primary documents most often make up the evidence base in case of litigation, because, although the primary documents are not the basic documents of accountance, in the decision of court cases they may be of the paramount importance. It has been proved that the harmonization of all legislative documents will help to avoid many disputes in court and facilitate the resolution of disputes concerning business activities.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Nazarova K. O., Hotsuliak V. D.
The Business Partnership of Enterprise: the Conceptual Approaches to Accounting Provision (p. 333 - 338)
The article researches conceptual approaches to the accounting provision of business partnership of enterprise. Its mission in terms of globalization and the European integration conditions of Ukraine (on macro- and micro-levels) is disclosed. At the macro-level, a business partnership is conditioned by the systematized indicators of the World Bank rating for 12 years. At the micro-level, the business partnership and the accounting system that provides it are analyzed in accordance with the needs of the owners and management of enterprise. Also, invariance of the term of «business partnership» is presented; researches in this direction are evaluated; inquiries of information consumers to the accounting system of business partnership of enterprise are disclosed. The graduation (distribution) of information consumers and their needs is displayed. It is determined that the key place in the accounting system of business partnership belongs to the contractual accounting at enterprise, as well as the principal aspects of such an accounting are disclosed. The necessity of correction of semantic filling of the accounting system of business partnership in accordance with the marketing conception (approach) to the management of enterprise is proved.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №8-2018

Nazarova K. O., Hotsuliak V. D.
The Tax Audit: Evolution, Trends, Conceptual Development Vectors (p. 118 - 123)
Evolution, etymology, modern trends and conceptual vectors of the tax audit development are researched. The comparative analysis of scientific schools, views and concepts was carried out. Different types and forms of both control and audit are disclosed; their correlation, conflicts and possible vectors of further differentiation are allocated. The generalizations of scientific opinions about the basic interpretations of the concepts of «tax audit» and «audit of taxation (of enterprise)» are presented. The emphasis is placed on the tax component of the audit type being researched. Special attention is given to the definition of causal relationship between requests of users of information (professional, non-professional) and the possibilities of different types of audit.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Kutsyk P. O., Polyanska O. A.
The Accountance for Ecological Decision-Making (p. 124 - 129)
The main prerequisites and factors influencing the process of formation and development of ecological accounting are considered; the possibility of discussion in terms of its theoretical, organizational and methodical aspects is critically analyzed and determined. The main advantages of ecological efficiency of company are allocated. The own definition of the concept of «accounting of ecological activity» is proposed. The main problems of accounting for ecological costs are identified and their classification by type of environmental activities is submitted. According to the research, an important aspect for ecological decision-making is information about the environmental consequences of the production and sale of the company’s products during their life cycle. The ways of improvement of the process of formation of the information necessary for decision-making of ecological character are determined.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №9-2018

Korinko M. D., Manko N. F.
The Cumulative Effect of the Local Auditor’s Judgments (p. 140 - 148)
The article is aimed at studying the influence of the local auditor’s judgments on the formation of independent audit thought and building a conceptual model for grouping the results of the local auditor’s judgments to form an audit report. The authors analyze interpretations of the concept of «auditor’s opinion» by individual scholars and consider expedient a normative fixation of this concept; the basic components on which the professional judgment of auditor is based are allocated and a generalized definition of the given concept is formulated; the stages of audit, which provide auditor with an opportunity to develop a professional judgment are considered together with the factors influencing its developing; the list of decisions, in the process of adoption of which application of a professional judgment is necessitated, is expanded; recommendations on application of individual procedures by auditors in the process of evaluation of the identified distortions of financial statements are proposed; a generalization of the results of the local judgments on separate components of audit process, which are carried out by auditor, is made and the place of professional judgment in the process of assessment of achievement of common audit objectives is defined; a conceptual model of generalization of results of the local auditor’s judgments is constructed.

Article is written in English

BUSINESS INFORM №10-2018

Khyl L. P., Vodolazska N. V., Bondarets O. M.
The Management of Audit Activity Both Abroad and in Ukraine (p. 273 - 278)
The choice of a conception of regulation of audit activity is based on determination of features of the State or professional organizations in implementation of audit activities, regulation of performers of audit, monitoring of their performance. In general, the world experience of regulation of audit activity shows that the development of self-regulation of profession allows to provide uniform requirements, conditions and quality of audit implementation in the territory of individual country when creating one self-regulating Audit association, endowed with appropriate powers, or several such associations, provided they develop common approaches and consolidate their profession. At the same time, the State regulation of auditing should not be waived. The above said leads us to the conclusion about a reasonable combination of the State regulation and self-regulation of the audit market that is necessary in order to maintain the balance of private and public interest in auditing and the development of auditor profession.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №11-2018

Shylga S. V., Novichenko L. S.
The Institute of Audit: Essence and the Main Components (p. 363 - 368)
The article is concerned with definition of influence of institutional economy on formation and development of the institute of audit in Ukraine. On the basis of exploring approaches of different authors and scholars to interpretation of essence of the concept of «institute of audit» the economic content of this concept is determined and the authors’ own definition is suggested. The necessity of researching the institute of audit in view of influence of various social, legal, political, economic and other institutes is substantiated. On the basis of the formulated definition of the concept of «institute of audit» the basic components of the mentioned institute are determined, levels of the institutional environment are allocated, and their characterization is provided. The necessity of researching the institute of audit as both science and practice in view of the features of formation of institutional environment of the auditing activity is scientifically grounded. The authors prove the interrelation of development of the institute of audit and the dynamism of change of the institutional environment which, basing on the formal and informal requirements, defines its structure and vectors of development.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Tsaruk V. Y.
Problems of Accounting Development in the Corporate Governance System (p. 369 - 374)
The urgency of conducting scientific researches in the field of accounting of corporate management has been grounded. Researchers’ approaches to understanding the relationship between accounting, corporate governance, corporate accounting and corporate reporting have been analyzed. The main problems of accounting of corporate governance have been allocated and analyzed. Interdependence between the quality of accounting information and the corporate governance system has been established. The role of using of creative accounting in the corporate governance system has been disclosed. The place of accounting in solving the agency problem, which arises in the conditions of corporate governance, has been analyzed. The dependence between the level of application of accounting conservatism, the chosen model of corporate management and the mechanisms used for its implementation have been grounded. The ways of improvement of accounting reporting in the direction of meeting the needs of corporate governance (improvement of financial reporting, formation of specialized and integrated reporting) have been allocated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №12-2018

Lubar O. O., Tsurkan A. O.
The Peculiarities of Organization of Accounting in Agro-Holdings (p. 304 - 309)
The article substantiates the necessity of applying a special approach to the organization of accounting in agro-industrial companies. The necessity of improvement of accounting processes in agro-holdings for optimization of management of main production processes, performance, and timely responses to changes in the market environment is indicated. On the basis of analyzing, systematizing and generalizing the available scientific researches, the components of organization of accounting in agro-holdings are considered; the process of formation and transfer of the accounting information from the subsidiary to the parent company for the purpose of formation of consolidated reports is determined. The essential peculiarities of organization and record keeping for achievement of strategic objectives of the holding’s activity are summarized; the proposals on rationalization of accounting of agro-holdings in view of increase of their performance efficiency are systematized.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Krutova A. S., Semenets A. O.
The Normative-Legal Provision of Internal Audit: National Experience and World Practice (p. 309 - 316)
The article is aimed at systematizing the shortcomings of the national normative provision of internal audit (IA) and developing directions of their elimination with attention to the international experience of its regulation by implementation of related global developments in the national legal field. The structure of normative-legal provision of internal audit in Ukraine is proposed, consisting of four levels, with three macro-levels (international, national and sectoral) and one micro-level (corporate). Correspondence of the structure of both International and National Internal audit standards is identified. It is proved that for formation of an efficient internal audit service at enterprise the duly developed system of internal regulations of audit activity acquires paramount importance, that in the proposed structure of the normative-legal provision of internal audit corresponds to the micro-level. Expediency of formation of the normative-legal provision of internal audit of the corporate level is substantiated. The directions of further improvement of the normative-legal provision of the internal audit in Ukraine are presented.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Kovalchuk V. V.
The Guidelines for the Formation of Accounting Provision for the Management of Processes of Implementing a Concession Agreement (p. 317 - 322)
The article analyzes the works which constitute the basis of development of organizational guidelines of accountance of operations under concession agreement. It is determined that the problems of accounting of operations under the concession agreement were not raised in the domestic accountance. Arranging the information links is essential to establish a set of objects for the accounting display and the fulfillment of terms of a concession contract. An information model of interaction between the concessionary and the concessionaire is constructed, and a characterization of the specified information model is provided. The proposed model comprises: announcement of competition for participation in a project of public-private partnership, implemented in the form of concession; submission of documents for participation in the competition for substitution of private partner – concessionaire; conclusion of concession contract; transfer of the concession object; settlement of concession payments; obtaining financial results from performing the concession activity by private partner. It should be noted that an important component is identification of all possible objects of accountance at the stage of transfer of the concession object. In turn, the order of the accounting display at the newly created enterprise and at the existing one will differ.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №1-2019

Bezruchuk S. L., Seletska D. O.
The Problems of Investment Property Valuation According to National and International Accounting Standards (p. 279 - 283)
The current stage of development of domestic accounting needs a lot of attention, since there is a maximum approximation of national provisions to international. Particular attention is required to account for investment property as a specific non-current asset. The purpose of this article is to disclose information about the valuation of investment property and to discontinue the application of the fair value model, the accounting for the cost of property, plant and equipment, leased together with investment property, the independent valuation of investment property, and the accounting and financial reporting data about investment property. According to the results of the study, there was a discrepancy between Accounting standard 32 and IAS 40 and recommendations were made for the further application of this or that model of investment property valuation, which will help to accurately reflect the data in the registers of accounting and financial reporting.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Lukin V. О., Mаliarevskyi Y. D.
The Accounting Principles: Terminology Issues (p. 284 - 290)
The article is aimed at researching different approaches to the definition of the term of «principles of accountance». Different terms are used in the writings of domestic and foreign authors, as well as in normative materials of different countries. Most often these terms are not defined in normative documents, which complicates an understanding of their essence. The system of international accountance and financial reporting standards also uses two terms, «principle» and «fundamental assumption», without definition. Their analysis suggests that the term of «principle» is used in the case of an unconditional principle that is usable in all cases; the term of «fundamental assumption» is used in the case of an implicit principle which is not of a universal character. There is also no clear division of the terms of «principles» and «qualitative characteristics» in the system of international standards. As a result, the number and relationship of quality characteristics are constantly changing in different editions of the Conceptual framework for financial reporting. It is concluded that the basic terms of accountance need to be defined at the international level.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Usatenko O. V.
The Economic Analysis of Venture Funds in the System of Audit (p. 291 - 295)
Economic analysis is an integral part of the audit, because audit is an effective means of studying the activities of any subject, especially those engaged in the risky investment activities. Auditors in their activities should rely on the entire range of techniques and methods of economic analysis, which bears the function of evidence. Thus, the article is aimed at defining the directions of economic analysis of venture funds as part of audit in order to determine efficiency of their investment activities. The purpose of economic analysis of venture funds activity is defined, which consists in determination of efficiency of venture investments implementation, defining the directions and priority projects of investments, detection of the enabling environment for their implementation. The subjects of economic analysis of venture funds activity are defined, which include all users of analytical information, who are directly or indirectly interested in the results and achievements of investment activity of the funds. The stages of carrying out a complex system economic analysis of venture funds activity are determined. The analysis of existing methods of economic analysis of investment activity is carried out, their positive and negative sides are defined.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №2-2019

Fomina O. V.
The Modern Tendencies in the Development of Cost Accounting (p. 277 - 282)
The article is aimed at substantiating the modern tendencies in the cost accounting and identifying further directions of its development on the basis of analysis of innovative accounting systems in management of enterprise’s expenses. Problems and tasks regarding the cost accounting are illuminated, possible ways of their solution are suggested. An analysis of innovative systems of accounting in management of enterprise’s expenses is carried out. Tendencies in accounting are researched on the basis of use of the theoretical-methodological instrumentarium of the institutional economic theory. It is determined that management of enterprise cost accounting should be a continuous, operational process of generating the costs-related information using the instruments and methods that are driven by enterprise goals together with the opportunities for their application, which will help to make informed managerial decisions for rational use of limited resources and to achieve high economic result of enterprise. The innovations in cost accounting are systematized and further directions of its development are substantiated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Miniailo V. P., Nezhyva M. O.
The Audit of Transfer Pricing in the Context of the European Integration and Globalization (p. 283 - 288)
The article is aimed at substantiating the theoretical and methodological provisions, as well as developing practical recommendations on improvement of organization and methodology of the audit of transfer pricing of enterprise in modern conditions, introduction of international experience and the wide application of information technologies. Relevance of the topic is substantiated by that the issues of organization and methodology of audit of the transfer pricing of enterprise are insufficiently developed. An analysis of special sources has allowed to assert that, in conditions of constant changes of the legislation and in connection with presence of probability of check by tax authorities and imposition of penalty sanctions on economic entity, the questions of audit of transfer pricing of enterprise are relevant to research. Features of functioning of enterprise necessitate the research of new methodological and organizational approaches to audit, as specificity of their activity imposes special requirements to formation of the information necessary for the accounting and control purposes of the audit of transfer pricing.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Voloshan I. G., Volkovska I. V.
The Peculiarities of Providing Consulting Services and Their Reflection in Accounting (p. 289 - 294)
In order to optimize activity, outsourcing companies are becoming more and more popular to transfer a certain process or receive consultations. Despite the prevalence in practice of this type of activity, the methodical bases of consulting services rendering and peculiarities of reflection of such process in accounting remain insufficiently considered. The article is aimed at developing methodical recommendations on rendering consulting services and their reflection in accounting. The result is consideration and generalization of methodical bases of the process of providing consulting services with clarification of its stages. The options of accounting for the provision of consulting services depending on the nature of the consulting product are allocated. The content of the report on providing consulting services is suggested. The given methodical bases of the process of rendering of consulting services and the report on rendering of consulting services allow to systematize the consulting product in accordance with the essence of the client’s order. Prospect for further research is the development of technology for reflecting the business processes that arise in the provision of consulting services in the accounting computer systems.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Tychyuk T. O.
The Methods of Evaluation of Accounting Objects at Business Unification and Transition to IFRS (p. 295 - 301)
The article is aimed at studying the main methods of evaluation and determining the variability of their application depending on the accounting system and the accounting object. Despite the available numerous studies of methods of evaluation and their application, there are considerable difficulties in the formation of common approaches to the evaluation of elements of financial statements and accounting objects, which would take attention of the conditions of business unification and transition to IFRS. The current inaccuracies and contradictions in formation of the uniform scientific-methodical approach to evaluation of accounting objects are allocated, grouped by the elements of financial reporting. The scientific-methodical approach to evaluation of accounting objects, grouped by the elements of financial statements, which takes into view the requirements of IFRS and peculiarities of the process of business unification and transition to IFRS, is proposed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №3-2019

Karpushenko M. Y., Shakhverdyan D. S.
The Integrated Reporting as a Source of Evaluation of Enterprise Performance (p. 265 - 269)
The article is aimed at analyzing the integrated reporting, its purpose and role in the today’s society. The integrated reporting includes two components: financial and social. The importance of social and ecological priorities for leadership comes to the fore, as attention and efforts made to solving social problems give confidence that the business is reliable, sustainable, and attractive. Given the special focus of the integrated reporting, the interests of users and their information needs are considered. Features of international standards of the integrated reporting and the list of issues they cover are analyzed. Features of application of the integrated reporting in Ukraine are considered, in particular the report on management is detailed. The possibilities of expansion and concretization of the report on management are defined with regard to the purposes of users through professional dialogue between social responsibility specialists, financial directors, accountants and auditors within the limits of the business structure as such.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Kyrylieva L. O., Shekhovtsova D. D.
The Modern Conception of the Regulators for Organization of Accountance (p. 270 - 275)
The article considers the activity of global and national regulators for organization of accountance, the founders of which are the Council on International Accounting Standards, issuing the international financial reporting standards (IFRS), and the Board of Financial Accounting Standards of the United States, the result of which is the U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). The main characteristics of the US accounting regulators are defined. The main tasks of the regulators for organization of accountance at the international level are researched. The existence of different models of transition to IFRS, characterizing the international standardization of accounting and the processes associated with it, is clarified. The role of national regulators of accountance and financial reporting in Ukraine is defined and their founders are considered. The tasks and participants of the Memorandum on cooperation and coordination of actions on application of the International Financial Reporting Standards in Ukraine are analyzed. The authors carry out a research on the main clauses of the law «On amendments to the Law of Ukraine «On accountance and financial reporting in Ukraine» regarding improvement of certain provisions» as the main regulatory document for bringing the norms of national legislation on accountance and reporting in accordance with the provisions of the European Union legislation, which will increase the transparency of financial statements and help to obtain a credible, comparable accounting Information.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Semenets A. O.
Formalizing the Categorical-Terminological Apparatus of Internal Audit at the Trade Enterprises (p. 276 - 285)
The article is aimed at systematizing and generalizing of existing approaches to interpretation of the concept of «internal audit» for formalization of the categorical-terminological apparatus of internal audit. By comparing the main characteristics of internal audit and internal control, it has been proved that internal audit functions are much broader than internal control functions. Both the internal and the external audit are compared and their significant differences are grouped. It is substantiated that in modern scientific researches in definition of the term of «internal audit» scientists adhere whether to system, or functional, or activity approaches. It is proposed to take into view the process specifics of the enterprise’s activities in determining the concept of «internal audit» and understand it as the initiated by the top management of company and implemented by the specialized department, permanent process of detection, measuring, registration, accumulation, generalization and monitoring of the past, current and strategic consequences of activity of economic entity.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №4-2019

Gryn V. P.
Crises in Accountance: Strategic Aspect (p. 261 - 267)
The article is aimed at allocating the types of crises in accountance and substantiating the features of the functional crisis of the accounting system that is used for forming strategic information. The paradigm shift model by Th. S. Kuhn and the model of global information crisis, allowing to allocate structural components of the functional crisis in accountance, are used. There are two types of crises in accountance - crisis of accounting science and crisis of accounting practice. It is substantiated that the existing crisis of the accounting system is characterized by the «information hunger», i.e. lack of sufficient information necessary for making managerial decisions by both internal and external users. It is determined that the ability to adequately respond to new requests from the part of an accounting system (subjects of management and organization of accounting) depends directly on the functionality of such a system. In order to overcome the existing crisis of the accounting system, the need to expand its functional capabilities by introducing еру theoretical-methodological accounting innovations is substantiated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Koshchynets M. I.
Evaluating the Status and Problems of Functioning of the Internal Control and Audit in the Bodies of Public Sector (p. 268 - 273)
The article is aimed at studying and analyzing the current status of the internal financial control in the bodies of public sector. A number of measures are outlined, which are already implemented for the formation of an effective system of the State internal financial control in accordance with the internationally recognized standards. An attempt of a complex research of components of the internal control system is also made, namely, the definition of managerial accountability and responsibility of heads of budgetary institutions. The information on the status of functioning of the internal control in ministries, other centralized executive bodies, regional State administrations in the context of elements of the COSO model (the internationally recognized structure of internal control) is analyzed. The carried out research concludes that for the time being there are shortcomings both in the implementation of the integrated system of internal control under the article 26 of the Budget Code of Ukraine, and in the implementation of internal audit activities in the ministries and other centralized executive bodies. A number of problems are allocated, which must be solved in order to build an effective and reliable system of internal control in the bodies of public sector, ways of overcoming these problems are suggested.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Panchenko O. D.
The Influence of Features of the Agricultural Sector on Managerial Accounting (p. 274 - 279)
The article is aimed at identifying features of activity of agricultural sector entities, which can influence the construction of managerial accounting and formation of management information. A number of methods were used during the research, namely: method of analysis and synthesis; classification and analytical method; abstract-logical method. The theoretical-methodological basis of the research are the works of domestic and foreign scholars on the issues of managerial accounting. The factors influencing the building of managerial accounting in the agriculture are considered. A characterization of the organizational system of managerial accounting of entities of economic activity is provided on the basis of the purpose of managerial accounting and tasks of the management system. The influence of the features of the agricultural sector on managerial accounting and on activity of enterprise is defined. Prospect for further research is improving the theoretical-methodological aspects of managerial accounting in the agricultural sector.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Semenets A. O.
Forensic Audit as an Efficient Means of Crisis Management of Trading Activities (p. 280 - 287)
The article proposes to introduce into the accounting theory the concept of «forensic audit», which should be understood as the process of studying company’s reporting and economic operations in order to develop measures to respond, manage and prevent fraud on the basis of expert judgement. In view of the scholars’ developments it is proved that forensic audit is not a separate means of control of economic-legal aspects of economic activity, therefore specialists in forensic audit should have complex knowledge in the spheres of: accountance and auditing; economic and financial crimes; modern information-communication technologies, psychology and other social sciences; criminology and deviantology. As a result of comparison of the main features of external audit, internal control and forensic audit (as an element of system of internal audit), it is proved that forensic audit is perspective and can be used to identify anomalies by establishing compliance of events of financial strategy and modeling deviations of the predicted results from the basic financial strategy. Research on the purpose of forensic audit, its subject, objects, normative base, periodicity of conducting and other essential characteristics is proposed to be performed at trading enterprises within terms of the authority of internal audit department. In order to prevent problems related to infringement of property of a trading enterprise and its improper use, as well as to collect evidence on the already accomplished violations, it is suggested to use the developed algorithm of identification of economic crimes in the system of forensic audit.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Zinkevych A. V.
Taxation of Enterprises in the Beer Industry: The Accounting-Methodical Aspect of the Formation of Tax Invoices with Value Added Tax (p. 287 - 293)
In the article the general and special conditions of taxation of enterprises in the beer industry are researched, their main advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. Considerable attention is paid to the practice and problems of taxation with value added tax of enterprises in the beer industry. The modern features of formation and registration of tax invoices are substantiated. The methodical aspects of improving the accounting of VAT at an enterprise in the beer industry are proposed. It is proved that for the correct analysis of the status of the calculation of VAT it is advisable to use advances accounts. Enterprises in the beer industry are suggested to use the structural and logical model of audit of procedures for the formation and registration of tax invoices with VAT, taking account of the criteria for blocking tax invoices by the tax authorities.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Fomina O. V., Avhustоva O. O.
The Accounting of Logistic Costs for Management Purposes (p. 294 - 299)
The conducted research is concerned with issues of accounting of logistic costs of enterprises. The main problems, present in the system of accounting of logistic costs are defined as follows: absence of definition of logistic costs and their classification at the legislation level, also absence of recommendations regarding the methods of costing and organization at enterprise. The essence and existing approaches to classification of logistic costs for management purposes are analyzed. For the purpose of information support of managers of different levels, an analysis of scientific researches on reflection of costs of logistic activity of enterprise in the system of accounts of accounting is carried out. Popular methods of costs calculation are defined on the basis of the international practice, taking into view logistic strategy of enterprise. The authors consider the possibility to organize accounting of logistic costs in the context of responsibility centers at enterprises that would help to improve the system of accounting of logistic activity.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №5-2019

Ahaverdiieva K. F., Ivanisov O. V., Lebedinska O. S.
Social Audit in the Theoretical Field of Social Responsibility (p. 157 - 161)
The aim of this work is to justify the need for conducting social audits in domestic enterprises. The relevance and necessity of conducting social audits in the context of corporate social responsibility is substantiated. The theoretical justification of the concept “social audit” is investigated. Features of conducting social audit in certain subsystems of the social and labor sphere are summarized with consideration for peculiarities of foreign experience. Prospects for further research at the level of analysis is studying the features of organization of social audits at implementing business activities by modern enterprises. In respect of the applied aspect, the specific mechanisms and technologies of social audit still remain insufficiently studied.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №6-2019

Honcharuk S. M., Priymak S. V.
Impact of the Internal Audit Organization on Efficiency and Full Payment of Taxes in Ukraine (p. 188 - 193)
The article deals with necessity of strengthening the role of internal audit as a function of enterprise management, which contributes to increasing the responsibility of enterprise officials related to paying taxes and payments to the budget. Ukraine is frequently faced with the problems related to completing of the revenue part of the State budget in terms of taxes. Internal audit is one of the factors that promptly helps to identify errors and fraudulent actions. The authors carried out the analysis and research of foreign and domestic scientists in the field of internal audit. Special attention is given to the analysis of revenues of the state budget of Ukraine for 2016–2018 and data of the State Fiscal Service related to the revealed abuses by taxpayers are analyzed. A large number of additional charges showed the necessity to look for additional actions in order to prevent abuse. It was proved that one of such instruments is internal audit. In case of increasing financial flows and number of operations, the need for its implementation will grow. The authors proposed to use the experience of The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, which developed a model of internal control. Our domestic business can evaluate its own management and control systems using this model.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Nazarenko I. М., Nazarenko A. V., Sokolenko L. F.
The Organizational-Methodical Bases for Auditing of the Enterprise’s Liabilities and Collaterals (p. 194 - 201)
The article is aimed at substantiating the organizational-methodical bases of auditing of the enterprise’s liabilities and collaterals. The parameters of the above mentioned bases should comprehensively substantiate the ways in which the objective of an auditing be met, clearly identify audit procedures at each stage of an audit inspection, allow the formation of an acceptable and sufficiently evidence-based framework that will be reflected in the documentary data, the important elements of which will be summarized in the Auditor's Report and presented to the relevant authorities. It is argued that against the background of the unstable financial situation of Ukraine’s enterprises, the increased dependence of business entities on the external sources of financing, the issue of assessing the impact of the actual size of liabilities and collaterals on the continuity of functioning of business entity becomes relevant. A contextual consideration of the continuity assumption implies the mandatory use of the audit procedures, which necessitate the calculation and assessment of indicators, which characterize solvency and financial stability.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Krivtsova Т. О.
Improving the Audit of Enterprise’s Liabilities (p. 201 - 209)
The article is aimed at developing theoretical provisions and elaborating methodical approaches together with practical recommendations directed towards improving the audit of the enterprise’s liabilities. Analysis and research of scientific and practical literature, as well as the standards that regulate audit of financial reporting, allowed allocating the features of formation of the methodology of auditing the liabilities of enterprises. Some components of the methodical provision and the methodology of auditing the enterprise’s liabilities are reflected. The stages of audit are generalized; the audit procedures as the content components of the plan of audit of the enterprise’s liabilities are defined. Achievements as to the specifics of formation of the methodology for auditing the enterprise’s liabilities at the current stage of development of the audit activity in Ukraine, in particular, approaches to defining the order of auditing the long-term enterprise’s liabilities and the short-term enterprise’s liabilities, are systematized. Separately presented is the algorithm of methodology of audit of the current liabilities of enterprise. As a result of the analysis of scientific papers and legislation, both national and international, it is proposed to improve the comprehensive methodology of auditing the enterprise’s obligations, the content of which is to carry out the agreed audit procedures in accordance with verification of the following allegations on obligations: existence, rights and responsibilities, onset, complete reflection, evaluation and distribution, accuracy, classification and clearness. Practical implementation of the results of the research will optimize the work of auditors during the audit of the enterprise’s financial reports in general and liabilities in particular. In this regard, it makes sense to focus further elaborations on the studying the advanced practices of the developed world countries and the global tendencies in the audit of the enterprise’s liabilities.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №7-2019

Chepets O. H., Kinebas I. Y.
The Ways to Improve Accounting and Auditing of Labor Payment Calculations (p. 225 - 230)
The article is aimed at researching the problem areas of accounting and auditing of labor payment, identifying the directions of improvement. The role of wages is substantiated in order to fully understand this process, and a definition of wages is provided. The existing shortcomings and problematic issues in the accounting of labor payment calculations are covered in the following planes: the impact of the legislative framework, the laboriousness of the process, the primary documents, the automation of accounting and the need to monitor operations. The article considers the main ways to improve and simplify the process of wages accounting for each problem identified. It is substantiated that the considered problems of accounting for labor payment are relevant, and their solution will help to ensure an improvement in the quality and reliability of accounting data. Possible directions to improve the audit of labor payment settlements are identified, along with disclosing their substance, value and sources of implementation. The main ways to improve auditing are associated with the methodology of the audit, the qualifications of auditors, the level of economic shadowing, the creation of internal audit departments, conduct of thematic auditing, legislative reform, etc. The topic of further research related to the social aspect of the accounting apparatus and the workers in the audit sphere has been chosen.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Izmailov Y. O.
Developing the System of Accounting and Taxation of Operations with Securities (p. 231 - 239)
The article is aimed at generalizing the problems of the Ukrainian securities market and elaborating proposals as to development of the system of accounting and taxation of operations with securities. Interpretations of categories such as «securities», «financial investments», «financial assets» and «financial instruments» for application in accounting and taxation are presented. A generalized classification of securities for the accounting and taxation needs is provided. The peculiarities of functioning of the Ukrainian stock market and the relations arising in the placement, turnover of securities and the implementation of professional activities in this sphere are defined. Strategic directions for development of the securities market in Ukraine are proposed. The main problems of accounting and taxation of operations with securities are identified and grouped together in the areas of solving the main problems of such accounting and taxation. The procedure for reflecting operations with securities in the accounting accounts is substantiated and the specifics of their taxation are defined. Ways to improve accounting and taxation of operations with securities are proposed, which will create transparent and clear rules for investors and stakeholders. The positive impact of the provided recommendations on the information-analytical provision of enterprises and the economy of Ukraine as a whole is substantiated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №8-2019

Kashperska A. I.
The Technological Instruments to Model the Internal Control System of Restaurant Enterprises (p. 143 - 149)
The article is aimed at studying the current status of the information technology market in Ukraine and the features of existing software products for automation of internal control, as well as making proposals as to improving the methodology of implementing control when using technological modeling instruments. The most common software products designed for auditing and internal control are analyzed. It is determined that most of them do not cover all the tasks related to the internal control of activities of enterprises in the restaurant industry. It is defined that the operation of an automated internal control system should facilitate the performance of basic functions: estimation of significance of errors, monitoring, foresight and forecasting. It is substantiated that the main direction of automation of control of restaurant enterprises is to develop a clear sequence of inspections. An algorithm for the automated implementation of internal control is proposed, the application of which involves the creation and introduction of a separate module.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Popivniak Y. M.
Cybersecurity and Protection of Accounting Data under Conditions of Modern Information Technology (p. 150 - 157)
The rapid development of information technology and its introduction into accounting practices have jeopardized the security of accounting data circulating in cyberspace and brought to the fore the problems of defining measures to increase their cybersecurity. The article is aimed at disclosing the current status of such security, as well as identifying cyberthreats in the sphere of use of accounting information, and defining the means for its protection against theft, damage or loss in cyberspace. Based on an analysis of statistics published in both domestic and foreign studies, the status of cybersecurity in the world is described according to various indicators, the main sources of cyberthreats for accounting information at enterprise, as well as situation with cybercrime in Ukraine are discussed. The approaches of scholars to grouping the cyberthreats are systematized and the preconditions for the emergence of these threats for accounting information both in general and in the introduction of separate technologies that are promising for use in accounting are formulated. The construction of a system of measures to ensure the cybersecurity of accounting information at enterprise, based on the use of common and specific means of protection of organizational, technical, personnel and legal nature, is substantiated. Prospects for further research in this direction are determined as search for criteria plus assessment of the success of implementation of the measures to protect accounting information and ensure its cybersecurity.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №9-2019

Melnyk N. H.
Tendencies and Challenges in Development of the Profession of Accountant (p. 200 - 205)
The article is aimed at defining directions in the development of the profession of accountant, in view of the global tendencies in the labor market. To this end, the materials of researches, surveys, reports of reputable international organizations are analyzed and generalized, allowing to allocate the today’s problems and define the challenges facing both the modern accountant and the accountant in the future. As a result of this study, it is determined that modern specialists move from performing technical accounting functions to supporting the management of companies, as well as play a significant role in improving the development of society as a whole. It is determined that the main importance in the strategy of development of accountance companies and specialists in the field of accounting will be acquiring of the latest technologies, soft skills, professional flexibility. It is substantiated that the change of priorities will turn the challenges facing the profession of accountant into its advantages in the labor market. Prospects for further research in this direction are the definition and structuring of a complex of the technical, ethical and interpersonal skills and competencies for the career development of professional accountants in the future.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Laichuk S. M.
The Place and Role of the Working Chart of Accounts in the Company’s Information System (p. 205 - 210)
The article is aimed at defining the place and role of the working chart of accounts in the company’s information system, as well as allocating problematic issues related to the process of developing and implementing a working chart of accounts by domestic enterprises. The normative legal documents on regulation of the list of accounting records, which can be used by enterprises, organizations and institutions, are considered. The emphasis is placed on adapting the legal requirements to the company’s practice and its industry features in the formation of a working chart of accounts. The problem, which is allocated, lays in the designing of the enterprise’s information system when building a working chart of accounts in terms of determining its volume. The possibility of small business entities choosing to apply a common or simplified chart of accounts is emphasized. It is concluded that the model of the working chart of accounts of budgetary institutions requires some preparatory work at the level of the central regulatory body - the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine. Prospect for further research is the continuation of theoretical research on the technical component of the accountance of domestic enterprises.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Krutova A. S., Nesterenko O. O.
The Methodological Bases of Forming a Report in the Context of Countries in Terms of Implementation of Requirements of the BEPS Action Plan in Ukraine (p. 210 - 217)
The article is aimed at developing the conceptual bases for the formation of official reporting on transfer pricing, in particular the country-by-country reporting. It is substantiated that the country’s recognition of the generally accepted standards of countering the aggressive tax planning requires a significant adaptation of the legal field. Adaptation paths are presented, including the approximation of the provisions of national legislation with the provisions of the European Union legislation to create the proper conditions for implementation of the BEPS Action Plan in the Ukrainian legislative field. The requirements of the main documents are defined and described (the Law of Ukraine «On Currency and Currency Operations», the Multilateral convention on the implementation of measures concerning the taxation agreements to counteract the erosion of the base and the removal of profits from taxation, the Draft Law of Ukraine «On amending the Tax Code of Ukraine in order to implement the Plan to counteract the erosion of the tax base and the removal of profits from taxation»), which determine and explain methodology, order, procedures and features of disclosure by groups of enterprises of information on income distribution, economic activity and the taxes paid in different countries, in the context of introduction of the country-by-country reporting. In order to facilitate the rapid and even implementation of the country-by-country reporting, its conceptual characterization is provided, which defines the subject of the report’s submission, discloses the period of application and the timing of its submission, describes the information, that should be disclosed in the report, and the amount of penalties in the event of non-representation. It is proved that in order to implement the BEPS Action Plan in Ukraine, the regulatory documents need to define the concept of the country-by-country reporting, to disclose the principles of formation of the consolidated information as to the group’s activities on the global distribution of income, the taxes paid, as well as certain indicators of economic activity in the context of all jurisdictions in which the group operates; identify the methodological bases for accounting for expenditures, incomes, assets and income tax liabilities together with disclosure of this information in the country-by-country report.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Vasilieva L. M., Shevchenko T. I.
Accounting Policy as an Instrument for Formation of Accounting Information in Management (p. 217 - 222)
The article is aimed at studying accounting policy as an instrument for formation of accounting information in management. The essence of the concept of of «accounting policy» is analyzed. It is determined that the full and truthful reporting of the enterprise’s financial results and financial status depends to a large extent on the level of formation and application of accounting policy that takes into attention the conditions of the enterprise’s activities, organizational and technological features etc. It is noted that modern accountance should be seen primarily as an information base used for taking efficient managerial decisions. The authors allocate the importance of accounting information and its principles in the formation of accounting policy: sufficiency; usefulness; objectivity; accuracy and relevance. Criteria for the importance of accounting information in the formation of accounting policy are formed. It is proved that accounting policy, as an instrument for formation of accounting information in management, should ensure the following: full reflection in the accountance of all business facts; accounting of business facts is reflected not only upon the basis of their legal form, but also upon the economic content of the facts and the conditions of the economy; identity of the data from analytical accounting with the turnovers and balances; rational and economical accounting based on the business conditions and the size of enterprise. The aspects that need to be taken into consideration when forming accounting information as the basis of accounting policy in management are defined, i.e.: accounting information should integrate both financial and operational (non-financial) information; development of accounting information should facilitate the achievement by the economic entity of its strategic objectives; accounting information should contribute to understanding the causes of events and phenomena that have occurred in the economic life of the enterprise.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №10-2019

Bezruchuk S. L.
Documentation or Evidentiality? (On the Issue of the Basic Principle of Ensuring the Quality of Accounting Information) (p. 172 - 177)
Accountance as a process begins with identifying, measuring and recording facts, actions and events in order to obtain information about economic operations. Continuous and uninterrupted monitoring of all economic operations at the enterprise is carried out through documentation - one of the main methods of accountance, which at the same time serves as the information basis of accountance, its evidence base. Despite extensive research on this issue, accounting requirements are changing today, and new approaches are emerging to substantiate the basic principles and approaches of accounting, including documentation. Documentation is defined either as a principle, or as a requirement, or as a rule of accountance (scientists did not come to a consensus). Another position consists is that the documents being the main, but not the only evidence, confirming implementation of a economic operation. This position is proved by world practice, in particular the norms adopted in the Polish legislation on accounting. Therefore, scholars began to talk increasingly about the principle of evidentiality in accountance, rather than documentation. The article highlights an attempt to separate concepts such as «principle» and «rule»; documentation is defined as the basic rule of accountance. It cannot be a principle upon the reason that it is defined as the process of recording economic facts in documents. It is pointed out that the principle of evidentiality should be enshrined at the legislative level, because at the present stage of the development of accounting the basis is not directly a documentary form, but the evidentiality of those economic operations, facts or economic events that occur in the enterprise and must be recorded in the accounting. This will improve the quality of the accounting information provided to interested users.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Izmailov Y. O., Osmyatchenko V. O.
Improving the Training of Future Specialists in Accounting and Taxation through the Implementation of the Conception of Dual Education (p. 177 - 183)
The article is aimed at generalizing the problems and developing proposals to improve the training of future specialists in accounting and taxation through the implementation of the dual education conception. A characterization of dual education is presented, which provides for the combination of training of persons at educational institutions with training in the workplace (at enterprises, institutions and organizations) to obtain a certain qualification, as usually on a contractual basis. The practical experience of implementing the reform of public finances in Ukraine through the implementation of the country’s first pilot project of dual form of education on the basis of the developed by the University of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine education and professional master’s training program «Fiscal Administration». Proposals for improving the content-quality intensity of the master’s programs on accounting and taxation are presented. The authors substantiate the need and recommendations for training in terms of English-language master programs with the definition of prospects and advantages for higher education applicants. It is proved that dual form of education will allow applicants of higher education: acquiring theoretical and practical competences with ensuring their successful combination; become formed as qualified specialists who have not only the proper professional level, but also the capability to work efficiently in a team, skillfully adapting to rapidly changing market conditions; mastering the intricacies of professional skills in the chosen type of activity; broadening horizons and improving critical thinking; attending lectures by leading scholars and mentors, as well as trainings with the practitioners from national and international companies; developing a positive attitude towards public bodies and public service; getting into professional «lifts»; turning routine bureaucratic work into a creative and interesting process; becoming a part and an instrument of reforms of the State administration of Ukraine.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №11-2019

Loboda N. O., Chabaniuk O. М., Sebestyanovych I. S.
Managerial Accounting in the Structure of Accounting Activity of Enterprise (p. 265 - 270)
The article is aimed at characterizing managerial accounting, its role in the management of enterprise, defining the features of managerial accounting and its main elements. The concept of «managerial accounting» and different approaches to its interpretation, the role of managerial accounting in the management of organization are considered. The main differences between financial and managerial accounting are allocated by certain criteria. The main instruments for implementing managerial accounting in accordance with their sphere of application are listed. The concept of «managerial control» as an element of the managerial accounting system is considered and its main features are disclosed. The indicators describing the accuracy of both registration and processing of financial and economic operations of a commercial organization are described. The main structural elements of the managerial accounting system and the functions of this system are defined. Conclusions have been drawn about the objectives of managerial accounting and its role in the organization.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Selishchev S. V.
The Auditor’s Evaluation of the Enterprise’s Internal Control System when Verifying the Compliance with the Principle of Continuity (p. 270 - 274)
The article is aimed at developing a methodical approach to evaluating the internal control of enterprise in the audit of continuity of the activity. The importance of the auditor’s understanding of control measures when evaluating the risk of discontinuation of the activity associated with the application of individual management strategies is proved. Particular attention is paid to the definition of elements of the control environment. A methodical approach is developed to evaluation of the enterprise’s internal control system in auditing continuity of the activity. Problems regarding evaluation of efficiency of the internal control system over the implementation of managerial decisions are defined. It is substantiated that the application of developed algorithms provides a sufficient understanding of the internal control system when evaluating the risk of discontinuation of the activity. The results of the carried out research show that the scale of use and the efficiency of internal control depend primarily on the degree of its understanding on the part of the management and owners of the enterprise. Studying the internal control system’s experience indicates its low efficiency because of the lack of a sufficient theoretical base and understanding of its practical implementation methodology, which in turn significantly increases the level of audit risk. The application of the developed algorithms provides a sufficient understanding of the internal control system in evaluating the risk of discontinuation of the activity. Further research will look at other components of audit risk in the audit of continuity of the activity.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Vavilov V. V.
Organization of Accountance in Health and Fitness Institutions (p. 275 - 281)
The article is aimed at considering the theoretic and methodical bases of organization of accountance in health and fitness institutions. It is proved that efficient managerial decision-making, which will simultaneously ensure positive economic results of activities of health and fitness institutions and the development of a healthy society in general, can only be made through obtaining a timely, complete, reliable, objective information provided by an accountance system. The goals and objectives of the health and fitness institutions of Ukraine are substantiated. A comparative analysis of the State-owned (municipal) and private health and fitness institutions with the definition of functioning features is carried out. Based on the analysis of definitions provided by national and foreign scientists, under the organization of accountance of health and fitness institutions is proposed to understand a specific type of activity, which through a coordinated system of measures will provide a positive synergistic effect from the management of the accounting process and will increase the benefits of health and fitness institutions. It is proved that improving the organization of accountance in health and fitness institutions will increase efficiency and improve the effectiveness of their economic activities. The most important directions of the organization of accountance in health and fitness institutions are defined. A list of factors is formed, which allows the administration (management) of a health and fitness institution through balanced managerial actions to minimize the impact of negative and increase the influence of positive factors of the micro- macro- and mega-levels on the development of economic entities. It is defined that the result of the chosen accounting policy should be the choice of accounting methods for reporting by a health and fitness institution, which will meet the quality characteristics, including information on social, innovation and ecological development.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Averkyn Y. F.
Accounting for Revenues and Financial Results of Performance (p. 282 - 289)
Consideration of accounting for revenues and financial results of performance will help to build a system of reliable information, which is fundamental in managerial accounting. The author considers the specifics of accounting for revenues and financial results of performance at enterprises in the brewing industry. The article indicates that the brewing enterprises take into account the income from the core activity and revenues from other operating activities. Proceeds from core activities at breweries include revenues from the sales of their basic products (beer, kvass) produced at these enterprises and accounted for by the 70th and by the 701st sub-account of accountance. The author presents a dynamic analysis of the revenues and financial results of the brewing industry enterprises (JSC «Opillya», «Riven LTD», PJSC «Slavutskyy pyvzavod»). Upon the basis of the carried out dynamic analysis of revenues from production sales, other operating income and the enterprise’s operating performance, the author was able to trace the dynamics, positive changes in indicators, specifics the enterprise’s activities and determine whether it works efficiently. However, such information is not comprehensive enough for managerial accounting. For it is quite difficult to understand which types of products are profitable and which are not. Since managerial accounting is aimed at determining the efficiency of production and economic activities, the brewery industry enterprises need to clearly spell out in the order on the accounting policy the specifics of income and expenditure accounting as to the responsibility centers, thus assisting to define the financial result in the process of sale of products for each of its kinds. It will also help to identify and eliminate bottlenecks, ensure an increase in the profitability of products. The article discloses the features of automation of the accounting for revenues and financial results of performance and analyzes the features of existing software products.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №12-2019

Berezhniy Y. B.
The Organizational Model of Auditing the Enterprise’s Operating Costs (p. 268 - 274)
The article is aimed at substantiating the organizational model of auditing the enterprise’s costs. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks have been solved: the concept of «operating costs» has been defined; the essence of auditing the enterprise’s operating costs is outlined; a model of auditing the enterprise’s costs has been developed. Based on the analysis of existing developments in the audit of the enterprise’s costs, the lack of a comprehensive research on this issue is determined, while single publications and the lack of a clear organizational scheme lead to insufficient spread of audit of operating costs among users of audit information. The article substantiates and develops an organizational model of auditing the enterprise’s operating costs, which is considered in the context of the process-system approach. This model is represented by a complex of successive, mutually conditioned stages, which, on the one hand, allow to form a reliable audit opinion, and on the other - meet the criteria of expediency and validity. On the basis of generalizations of the follow-up revisions by leading scholars and practitioners, the traditional composition of the stages and phases of the audit survey of the enterprise’s costs was supplemented. Further research will develop a noncontinuous approach to planning the audit of the enterprise’s costs.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Torba A. V.
Organization of Accounting of Intellectual Capital (p. 274 - 281)
The article is aimed at improving the organization of accounting of intellectual capital to enhance the transparency and reliability of information generated in enterprises. Intellectual capital, as an economic category, has been shown to contain key elements of intellectual activity, innovation and intellectual property. The structure of intellectual capital has been researched. The main objectives of the organization of accounting of intellectual capital are substantiated, among which should be allocated: timely, complete, reliable, continuous display of economic operations by objects of intellectual capital accounting; processing data by means of appropriate procedures, techniques and methods in accordance with the original information; inclusion of processed information, which is recorded in the primary documents and registers of intellectual capital accounting, in the Balance and Financial Statement of economic entity. The subjects and objects of the organization of accounting of intellectual capital are considered. It is defined that the organization of accounting of intellectual capital comprises three interconnected blocks: methodical, technical and organizational. It is substantiated that the organization of accounting of intellectual capital depends on the amount of accounting work, availability of computer technology, level of qualifications of the accounting staff, accounting policy of enterprise, as well as the level of development of its intellectualization. Options for organization of accounting of intellectual capital in the accounting policy of enterprises are provided.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Pinchuk K. S.
Organizing Accountance and Control at Construction Enterprises (p. 282 - 289)
The article is aimed at examining the theoretic-methodical basics of accountance and control at construction enterprises. It is proved that the organization of accountance for construction and installation works directly depends on the features of construction production. It is substantiated that the construction is characterized by a number of specific features that determine the order of organizing its accountance and control. It is defined that natural factors have a significant impact on the construction process more than in other industries. In construction, individual performance of works by individual workers is practically excluded, which means that brigade forms of labor organization are used generally. It is defined that the peculiarity of accountance in construction production is that construction can be carried out in contract, economic or mixed ways. Construction products are accounted at an estimated cost and at the actual cost. It is proved that only accountance personnel are not enough to carry out construction and installation works, so a number of narrow-qualified specialists take part in the accountance and control of the completed construction works. The most important directions of organization of accountance and control of construction enterprises have been defined. The organizational-methodical basics of accountance and control in construction enterprises have been generalized and systematized. It is proposed to indicate the costs in the analytical accountance terms by individual positions and to group according to the main directions of works. Problems have been defined and directions for improving the organization of accountance and control of construction and installation works have been proposed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №1-2020

Shot A. P.
Analyzing the Impact of the Internal Audit Service on the Activities of Economic Entities (p. 278 - 284)
With the globalization of the economy and European integration processes in Ukraine, the problem of infringements in the public sector of the economy, budgetary abuses, financial and material losses as result of fraud is becoming more and more large-scale, acquires the State-level importance and causes concern of business owners, heads of the State-owned institutions. Relevance of the study is due to the need to minimize financial losses, the risk of fraud in the public sector and business structures, which is possible if internal audits are effective and financial control is strengthened. The study is aimed at analyzing violations of budget legislation, losses from fraud; proving the necessity and importance of the internal audit service. The main ways of organizing an internal audit in Ukraine are considered. It is determined that audit-outstaffing is not fully regulated in the legislative field, which creates problems for both the outstaffer and the customer of services. It is defined that the existence in Ukraine of various forms of internal audit organization is caused by the needs of the time and the increased requirements for the personnel of this service, which today is a necessary internal control instrument, designed to to prevent violations in all areas of the company’s operations. An analysis of infringements of budget legislation and losses from fraud is carried out. The need to improve the level of professional training, qualifications of auditors and their responsibility, taking into account the requirements of time and international experience, is substantiated. Indicators to assess the performance of the internal audit service are proposed. It is proven that the financial condition and economic security of both enterprise and the State depend to a large extent on the activities of the internal audit service.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Nazarova K. O., Fedorenko O. P.
Audit of the Activities of Network Retailers in the Open Access Economy (p. 284 - 290)
The article explores specifics of the activities of network retailers (retail trade chains). It is defined what retailers in general and network retailers in particular are. The main stages of modern auditing (during the 20th and early 21st centuries), until the formation of an open-access economy, are covered. The need to improve the quality of financial and non-financial information in accordance with the requirements of consumers is rationalized. It is summarized that the quality and transparency of information, the obtained positive results of an external (so-called independent) audit either directly or indirectly impact the market value of a company, as they increase the level of confidence in the reliability and objectivity of information. The related needs and the socio-economic potential of audit in the context of globalization and European integration are highlighted. The results of a comparative analysis of the main trends in the development of network retailers in Ukraine, obtained as a result of research and evaluation of both the global and the national economic and social professional institutions, are presented. The basic, significant criteria for assessing information for confidence (or distrust) of the outcomes of analysis and auditing are systematized. The contents and features of assessing the quality and transparency of information have been disclosed. The main approaches to auditing the financial statements of a network retailer are substantiated, taking into account the initiative and mandatory audit (according to the requirements of the main relevant legislation regarding audit of financial statements and the auditing activity in Ukraine). It is concluded that in an economy with open access to information in general and audit information in particular, its users (professional and non-professional users of information) put forward a list of conceptual requirements, among which are quality and transparency. It is proved that network retailers, which are among the most investment-attractive for the M&A deals, are interested in obtaining positive audit results, and therefore, accordingly, are either objects of mandatory audit, or initiators of voluntary audit. The announcement of positive audit results of financial statements influences the value of a network retailer.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №2-2020

Honcharuk S. M., Priymak S. V., Shot A. P.
The Accounting-Analytical Aspects of the Internal Audit of Utility Enterprises (p. 307 - 313)
The article substantiates the need to strengthen the role of internal audit in the activities of utility enterprises. The purpose of their operation is to provide quality service to utility customers. In today’s conditions and because of the impact of the crisis developments, utility enterprises are mostly unprofitable. Utility enterprises are characterized by a number of negative tendencies, such as the deterioration of the technical and financial-economic condition, the increase in consumption of energy, water and other resources, as well as the decline in the quality of services provided. These factors highlight the need to introduce an internal control system into activities of such enterprises. The authors analyze the city budget’s expenses for repayment and servicing of local debt in the context of utility enterprises; dynamics of the number of housing and utility enterprises in Lviv; structure of expenditures of the general fund of the city budget for 2020. An algorithm for conducting an internal audit of the utility enterprise, the form of the auditor’s working document on the formation of information on the timing and way of occurrence of payable (receivable) debt of the corresponding entity of economic activity are proposed. The internal audit process consists of a thorough examination of operations and is not only a study of the facts of the past, but also a prevention of negative phenomena in the future. The internal auditor must understand, be able to identify and correct deficiencies that contain certain elements of the utility enterprise’s accounting policy, distortions in registers and records, obtain evidence of these shortcomings and distortions, and report this information to management. Its recommendations should help to reduce costs and improve the efficiency of activities of the utility enterprise, creating the conditions for the implementation of its general strategy.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Komirna O. V., Miniailo V. P., Nezhyva M. O., Nehodenko V. S.
The Determinants of Accounting and Control of Settlements with Staff in Domestic Enterprises (p. 314 - 321)
The article is aimed at researching the existing problems of accounting and monitoring of settlements with staff and providing recommendations for their improvement in the current business environment. The relevance of the topic is conditioned by the fact that the issues of accounting and control of settlements with staff in domestic enterprises are not sufficiently covered. In order to optimize settlements with staff, it is advisable to improve the accounting and control over the rational and efficient use of the workforce resources of economic entities, as well as to comply with all requirements regarding the correctness and completeness of the formation, distribution and carrying out settlements with staff. The theoretical bases for accounting and monitoring of settlements with staff have been disclosed, the main aspects of their improvement have been analyzed, and the main violations that enterprises allow in accounting reflection of settlements with staff have been systematized. The efficiency of operation and social development of economic entities is ensured primarily by the formation of appropriate individual and collective material incentives, the leading form of implementation of which is the remuneration of labor of different staff categories. At the same time, the process of financial control of settlements with staff requires clear regulation at the level of information and organizational-methodical support, as to date there is no effective system of financial control, allowing not only to detect violations, but also to prevent their occurrence.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Usatenko O. V., Makurin A. A.
Maintaining the Blockchain-Based Accounting for Lean Production (p. 322 - 328)
This article summarizes the arguments and counter-arguments in the scientific debate on the use of lean accounting in the workplace, taking into account modern technologies of waste disposal and the use of distributed data registry, which is blockchain technology. The main purpose of the research is to analyze the occurrence of waste in various sectors of the Ukrainian national economy and determine how to dispose of it. The main ways of waste management and the principles that need to be guided in decision-making have been defined. The systematization of literary sources and approaches has helped to identify functioning problems of lean accounting and production. Having analyzed the approaches proposed by domestic and foreign scholars to the introduction of lean accounting, it is appropriate to conclude that the main obstacle to the formation of a lean accounting system is the lack of a certain methodical approach to the introduction of such a system. Therefore, it is the active use of blockchain technology in accounting that will allow external users to monitor waste generated at production plant and to rank production enterprises regarding their waste disposal activities. The relevance of solving this scientific problem is that in order to determine the ways waste is disposed of, it is necessary to keep track of these ways along with determining the utility of their use. Therefore, it is proposed to use a functional scheme of the lean accounting system. An important direction of research in terms of an accounting system is the allocation of lean accounting and the latest concept of management of the production enterprise, which is aimed at eliminating the loss of production resources, blockchain technology.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Loboda N. O., Chabaniuk O. М., Senyshyn B. B.
Outsourcing as a Mechanism for Accounting Innovations at Ukrainian Enterprises (p. 329 - 336)
Since most enterprises are aimed at keeping accounting records according to international standards, the question arises of finding highly skilled workers to ensure that records are properly kept and accountable to date. Therefore, the introduction of outsourcing of accounting services is becoming widespread. The article is aimed at analyzing the problems of the current status of accounting outsourcing services and search for new approaches and instruments to minimize the risks of outsourcing services. The problems of introduction of outsourcing in domestic enterprises in order to improve their competitiveness and economic efficiency in the current conditions are analyzed. The essence of the concept of «outsourcing» and its types are considered. The issues of transfer of accounting and financial reporting to outsourcing companies as an effective way to achieve economic benefits and minimize costs, as well as to reduce tax risks, are covered. The features of the use of accounting outsourcing and the fulfillment of the tasks set before it are analyzed. The main negative and positive features of the use of accounting outsourcing in domestic enterprises are substantiated. The terms and structure of the contract between the customer and the provider are defined. Measures and directions to introduce outsourcing of accounting services in the business structure of our country are proposed. In particular, the first-priority measure of accounting outsourcing in Ukraine is to improve the regulatory framework, which would encourage entrepreneurs to apply this type of outsourcing, as well as take into account the interests of entrepreneurs, not solely the State. Therefore, the formation of outsourcing is an integral part of the socio-economic development of our country.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №3-2020

Shevtsiv L. Y., Mosolova Y. O.
Accounting Policy in Managing the Activity of Enterprises under the Conditions of Harmonization of Accounting and Reporting (p. 260 - 269)
The purpose of the article is to research theoretical and practical approaches to the formation of accounting policies of the enterprise based on management objectives in the context of accounting harmonization and reporting. The approaches of scientists to the definition of the concept of "accounting policy" with the construction of its structure, the definition of goals and objectives are generalized. The accounting policies are defined in accordance with applicable laws and international standards. The main problems encountered by enterprises in forming accounting policies according to international standards and ways of solving them are described. Taking into account the norms of harmonization, specifics of activity, accounting and reporting information of the enterprise the stages of organization of work of the accounting apparatus are suggested. Directions of accounting policies have been developed to meet the practical needs of stakeholders. To optimize the process of accounting and control the movement of goods, ensure the implementation of quality reporting characteristics and control function of accounting, in the system of effective management of commodity assortment a factorial information model of accounting policy is proposed. It is determined that the methodology of accounting policy, which regulates the implementation of management accounting, based on the principles of IFRS, is a multi-stage process, reflecting the relationship of international standards, financial and management accounting. The problematic issues of transition of enterprise to the use of the conceptual framework of IFRS are researched, which are connected with the change in the structure of accounting policy order. It is determined that the development of accounting policies for management purposes reduces the costs of transformation procedures and is interrelated with the performance of enterprise. Advantages of creating effective accounting policy for investors are based on the relationship of accounting with the main trends of standards at the international level, the integration of management accounting in the IAS and IFRS, and in view of tax purposes. Based on the carried out research, it is concluded that the formation of effective accounting policies will provide additional opportunities for enterprise.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Lopin A. O.
Features of the Organization of Accountance for Elements of Natural Capital (p. 269 - 276)
The article is aimed at developing scientific and methodical approaches to the organization of accountance for natural capital. It is proved that in the context of a significant increase in the anthropogenic impact on nature, one of the adequate and efficient ways to solve the problem of interaction between economic entities and the entire economy with the environment is the introduction of elements of accounting for natural capital in the enterprises of the food industry of Ukraine. It is substantiated that certain ecological aspects of economic activity are quite complex in terms of their observation, evaluation and fixation in the primary documents. The article analyzes the types and forms of the organization of accountance that are inherent in domestic food industry entities, through a survey of 57 enterprises in the city of Kharkiv and Kharkiv region. According to the results of survey, it turns out that in general, according to the sample, more than half of the food industry enterprises have an internal accounting service with a full accounting cycle. In order to effectively organize the accountance for elements of natural capital, the enterprise has developed a conceptual model, which allocates specific elements of accounting as an information system, defines the relationship between them and substantiates the composition and structure of internal regulations for documenting economic operations related to the environmental activities of the food industry enterprises. In the system of internal regulations of the natural capital accounting organization, it is proposed to allocate four blocks of documents, which are grouped into two classes: 1. Regulation of the organization and accounting for protection of environment; 2. Regulation of the organization and accounting for environmental management.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Savitskyi V. V.
The Comprehensive Mechanism for Economic Analysis of the Audit Firm’s Economic Activities (p. 276 - 283)
In the course of this research it is determined that in order to develop a comprehensive approach to the methodology of economic analysis of the activities of audit firms, it is necessary to consider economic analysis as an information system. In view of the specifics of the activities of audit firms, the research on economic analysis as a system takes into account the industry features of all its components. The article is aimed at exploring the comprehensive mechanism for economic analysis of the audit firm’s economic activities. Scientific literature concerning the application of systems theory to economic analysis is studied. It is determined that system approach can identify the features of economic analysis as academic discipline; functional economic science; professional activities and the information subsystem of the enterprise’s management, including the audit firm. In the context of the research, economic analysis is considered as an information subsystem of management of the audit firm’s economic activities. The economic analysis of the activities of audit firms is considered as a system in the classical sense of its components, namely: users of the results of economic analysis, subject of economic analysis, object of economic analysis, methodological action, feedback. The author’s own approach to the system of economic analysis of audit firms is proposed, taking into account their specifics as subjects of economic management and as subjects of independent financial control. It is determined that the key objects of economic analysis are defined as follows: financial potential, human resources, reputational capital. A meaningful content of the functioning of the elements of the system has been formed and industry features of development of economic analysis have been identified.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Verzilova H. R.
The Accounting Interpretation of the Costs of Marketing Activities of Trading Enterprise (p. 284 - 292)
In the turbulence of today’s business environment, the priority attention of the management of trading enterprises deserves the financial effectiveness and efficiency of activities focused on the continuous collection of information, its analytical processing and feedback with target segments. Therefore, research on the accounting support for the managerial decision-making process regarding marketing costs in the management information system of trading enterprise is relevant. The article is aimed at researching the methodical basics and developing practical recommendations on the formation of marketing costs in the accounting system of enterprise. In order to ensure the efficient operation of the marketing management information system, the author’s own approach to reflecting marketing costs on accounts and in the enterprise reporting is proposed. The expediency of accounting for marketing costs on the eponymous sub-account opened to the Account 93 «Sales and marketing costs» is substantiated. In view of specifics of the marketing activities of trading enterprise, the technology for accounting for certain types of these costs and generalization of information about them in the relevant consolidated statement is proposed. Recommendations on the organization of accounting of the enterprise’s marketing assets are suggested. Taking into account the proposals made, an algorithm of accounting interpretation of the formation of financial results from the sale of goods (products, services) of enterprise is developed. The proposals to improve the way marketing costs are reflected in the trading enterprise’s account will improve the accounting of managerial decisions to optimize marketing costs. The development of primary documentation of marketing costs in the information system of trading enterprise and analysis of the efficiency of marketing projects are allocated as promising directions of research.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №4-2020

Melnychuk M. O., Nagorna I. V.
Methodological Aspects of the Analytical Provision for Assessing Financial Sustainability (p. 312 - 318)
The article is aimed at generalizing the characteristic features of the existing methodological approaches to the analytical assessment of the financial sustainability of enterprises and substantiating their selection under different conditions of informational provision. The relevance of the assessment of financial sustainability of enterprises is substantiated. The article analyses the available methodological approaches to assessing the financial sustainability of enterprise, namely: aggregate, coefficient, margin, score, balance, integral, factor and matrix. The methods of assessing financial sustainability are generalized and their contents are covered. The essence of the methods is characterized; their advantages and disadvantages, scope of application, indicators and contents are defined. The overall indicators of financial sustainability of enterprise, which characterize the level of security of working assets with sources of their formation, are presented schematically. The financial stability margin is considered with help of three aggregates and using the method of absolute values. The essence and benefits of the express assessment of financial sustainability are defined. Methodological approaches to assessing the financial sustainability of enterprise are grouped, methods and instruments for assessing the financial sustainability of enterprise are defined. Since traditional methods of analysis are worth to be complemented with the latest foreign ones, the financial sustainability analysis can be supplemented, expanded and substantiated from different sustainability perspectives.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Pylypenko A. A., Khalleefah Ahmed Mohammed Saed
Modeling the Corporate Architecture in the Managerial Accounting of the Merger of Enterprises (p. 319 - 327)
The current business conditions have significantly changed the requirements for the information and accounting-analytical provision of the management mechanism of enterprises and their integrated associations. Management of enterprises requires a significant expansion of the list of accounting items submitted in conjunction with the enterprise’s business processes, increasing the reliability of credentials, increasing the speed of management report generation, reflection in the reports of the non-financial indicators and key elements of the business model chosen by the enterprise. In most cases, such requirements can be implemented if the approach to managerial accounting is changed. The authors’ hypothesis involves the use of the concept of corporate architecture as the basis of the managerial accounting process. The article is aimed at developing the theoretical-methodical basis of the organization of accounting-analytical process of enterprises and their integrated associations on the basis of applying the achievements of the methodology of modeling corporate architecture to accounting. Implementation of the goal set is based on the projecting methodology. As result of implementation of the accounting management project, the authors envisage an increase of the capabilities of accounting analytics, the deployment of a data-based business analysis system, the outlining of the information provision of strategic management, and the expansion of the predictive accounting function. The TOGAF methodology and Archimate modeling language are used to form a corporate architecture model. The models that have been developed show the structure of the accounting function and its relationship to other elements of the corporate architecture. The existence of such functional models made it possible to identify the list of users of the accounting information and to develop a concept of managerial accounting development.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №5-2020

Tsymbaliuk S. O., Tsymbaliuk D. I.
The Comprehensive Audit of Remuneration of Labor at the Enterprise: Theoretical and Methodical Bases for Implementation (p. 336 - 342)
The article is aimed at developing the theoretical and methodical bases for implementing a comprehensive approach to auditing the remuneration of labor. The need for a comprehensive approach to auditing the remuneration of labor is substantiated. The purpose and procedure of comprehensive audit of remuneration of labor are defined. The main objectives of the comprehensive auditing the remuneration of labor are formulated, which include: checking the compliance of the remuneration of labor system with the legislative norms and the provisions of collective agreements; evaluating the competitiveness and wage differentiation, transparency of remuneration; analysis of the wage structure; evaluating the execution of the appropriate functions by remuneration of labor; examining the level of employee satisfaction with the remuneration of labor system. Methods for collecting information for carrying out audits of remuneration of labor are defined. The article contains a list of the legislation acts regulating the issues of remuneration of labor and the internal documents regulating the issues of remuneration of labor at the enterprise that be subject to audit. The components of the audit of wages accounting operations are provided. The article contains the methodical bases for evaluating the competitiveness and wages differentiation; analysis of the wage structure; execution of reproducing and motivational functions by wage; evaluation of transparency of remuneration of labor; timely payment; level of employee satisfaction with the system of remuneration of labor. The formulated methodical bases and the instrumentarium can be used by employers, directors of enterprises, trade union organizations, audit companies performing a comprehensive audit of remuneration of labor. As a result of the comprehensive audit, the enterprise’s management will receive valuable information to make changes to the system of remuneration of labor in order to improve fairness and competitiveness of wages, increase motivation, loyalty of employees towards the enterprise.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Spitsyna N. V., Kravtsova S. V.
Internal Audit: Approaches to Definition, Differences from External Audit (p. 342 - 348)
The article is aimed at studying the nature of internal audit, analyzing the proposed by scholars definitions of the term of «internal audit» and comparing internal and external audits according to the main signs. After studying the various approaches to the definition of «internal audit» there comes an opportunity to give an authors’ interpretation: internal audit is a modern form of independent financial and economic control, which provides a comprehensive assessment of efficiency of the management system, the performance results of economic entity and involves the formation of an opinion on the results of its activities both in general and in terms of the structural units, as well as provides the necessary information to all the management services of the enterprise. When comparing the characteristics of internal and external audits, a conclusion is drawn that the internal audit is designed to solve functional tasks of the management of the organization and to make managerial decisions for an efficient operation of the enterprise. External audits are carried out in accordance with applicable law and are designed to provide reliable information to external users. The determining aspect is not always a clear understanding of the role of internal audit in the management process, which, in turn, leads to the fact that internal audit is implemented only to identify certain shortcomings, cases of falsification, etc. That is why internal audit should become a source of information, help managers and owners to objectively estimate the real situation of the organization and make the right managerial decisions.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №6-2020

Kashperska A. I., Ilchenko M. O.
The Models of Organization of Accounting with Use of Crowd Technologies: Features, Advantages, Prospects (p. 205 - 212)
The article is aimed at researching the status of the Ukrainian accounting services market; allocating the features, advantages and disadvantages of the existing models of organization of providing accounting services with use of crowd technologies, as well as exploring the prospects for their introduction into activities of national enterprises. The most common models of providing accounting services with use of crowd technologies are analyzed: outsourcing, cosoursing, offshoring, insourcing, outstaffing. It is determined that accounting models, along with significant advantages, have a number of drawbacks. It is noted that the choice of a certain model, the ability and necessity of its use depends on the volumes and types of activities and is left to the owners of the enterprise, taking into account the advantages and presence of an economic effect. It is defined that Ukrainian market of accounting services is represented by a large number of enterprises and individual entrepreneurs, who are increasing the volume of services sold and are in the greatest demand among businesses and institutions in comparison with the ordinary population and other categories of consumers. It is substantiated that, provided the use of services of outsourcers by business owners, it is advisable to focus on the compliance of those who provide services to certain criteria, the main ones among them: professionalism and competence in the specifics and strategies of the customer’s activity; responsibility for result and quality; privacy; cost of accounting services. It is defined that the use of crowd technologies by enterprises in the organization of the accounting process will contribute to its optimization, obtainment of significant benefits from the use of additional resources, and increase in the ability to adapt them to modern economic realities.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Nesterenko I. V., Kovalevska N. S., Sokolova E. B.
Modeling Accounting Policies for the Hospitality Industry in the Context of Globalization (p. 212 - 218)
The article is aimed at substantiating the organizational and methodical provisions, elaborating practical recommendations to improve the accounting policy of the hospitality industry enterprises. An optimization model of the accounting policy of hotel enterprises is proposed, allowing to identify the accounting-analytical resources of management in terms of the allocated reporting economic segments and on their basis to form reporting by the hotel segments. Developing the theory of costs classification, it is determined that the grouping of costs be appropriate to carry out by the most significant hotel segments, which meets the tasks of costs management, based on the characteristics of the hotel activity, creates conditions for economic substantiation of the goals of the structural units. Expediency of the maximum integration of the hotel’s accounting policy in accordance with international standards and national regulations that define the specifics of its formation is proved. In order to improve the costs management process of the hotel industry enterprises by segment, a sub-accounts system to the account 23 «Production» is recommended, wherein the second-order sub-accounts match the basic, supportive and additional level of services, and the third-order accounts match the enterprise’s production services. The proposed accounting policy model allows for rationalizing the process of formation of information resources at different levels of the hotel enterprise management and developing methodical principles for reflecting hotel services in accounting in accordance with the requirements of both international and national financial reporting standards.

Article is written in English

Vasylisnyn S. I.
Modification of the Principles of Accounting and Analytical Provision as a Dominant of the Economic Security Management of Agrarian Enterprises (p. 219 - 226)
Management of any enterprise is based on the information concentrated in different sources, which accumulates in the process of entrepreneurial activity. The use of information as a specific substance in the process of accounting and analytical provision involves compliance with certain principles, the main of which are: circumspection, completeness of coverage, continuity of activity, timeliness, relevance, truthfulness, clarity, etc. The article is aimed at substantiating the need and the directions of modification of the principles of accounting and analytical provision as a dominant in the management of economic security of agrarian enterprises. The features of identification and classification of accounting and analytical provision principles are characterized. A comparative analysis of the essence of the principles provided in both the international and the national regulations is carried out. A critical analysis of the views of scholars on allocation of the principles of financial, management accounting and economic analysis is made. The study results in suggesting to allocate specific security-oriented principles of accounting and analysis provision, which together are an important dominant in forming the architecture of the accounting and analytical provision of security management, enhance the adequacy of the principles of accounting and analysis towards the requests for strengthening economic security and create a platform for the formation of the security-oriented accounting policies and security emphasis on the presentation of agrarian business in reporting. Prospect for further research is to evaluate the impact of information requests by stakeholders of guaranteeing the economic security and industry specificity on the architecture of accounting and analytical provision in agrarian enterprises.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Nazarova K. O., Moyseyenko O. M.
The COVID Crisis as a Driver of the Digitalization of Accounting Procedures (p. 227 - 234)
The COVID crisis – as a manifestation of the global financial, social and political crisis – is a serious challenge for the world in general and Ukraine in particular, but at the same time it has become a key impetus for accelerating the trend of digitalization and digital transformation. The article is aimed at studying the key directions of the digitalization of accounting procedures under the influence of the COVID crisis and to clarifying the problematic issues arising in the introduction of digital technologies for the purposes of accounting at Ukrainian enterprises. The concept of digitalization is defined, its comparison with digitization is made on the example of documenting operations for accounting purposes. The main directions of the digitalization of accounting procedures are allocated – the expansion of the use of electronic document flow, the use of cloud technologies, remote work. The advantages of using digital technologies in the conditions of quarantine throughout Ukraine are defined. It is substantiated that the efficiency of implementation of the main directions depends on: further improvement of the procedures of electronic document flow both at the level of individual enterprises, countries, and at the interstate level; improving the level of information security for the use of cloud storage of data, calculations, data sharing, and data use in a convenient way; correcting the imbalance between the levels of technology development and the competencies of accountants. Prospects for further research in this direction are to identify opportunities to expand the use of digital technologies for accounting purposes and to develop the conception of the digitalization of accounting procedures.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Nazarova K. O., Mikityuk I. S., Hotsuliak V. D.
The Traffic Safety Audit as an Imperative of Globalization Processes and Efficient Public Management (p. 235 - 244)
The article substantiates the need to introduce an audit of traffic safety in Ukrainian automobile roads in the face of globalization and efficient public management. The article focuses on improving the level of traffic safety and the system of driving management by introducing a traffic safety audit. Traffic safety audits have been proven to be an important instrument for reducing road traffic accidents and risk of road accidents in many countries around the world. The experience of introducing a traffic safety audits in such foreign countries as Great Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Canada is considered, the possibility of its adaptation to the conditions of Ukraine is analyzed. The analysis of road traffic accidents in Ukraine for the period 2017-2019 is presented. The components of the occurrence of road traffic accidents, the technical and exploitative condition of automobile roads, the number and compliance of the technical condition of vehicles, the economic entities with the traffic ethics are considered. The stages of traffic safety audit are considered; it is specified that the effectiveness and efficiency of traffic safety audit depends on the availability of policies, programs, and the specification of audit procedures. The need to analyze the implementation of traffic safety measures in previous years (as an imperative of traffic safety audit) is proved. It is noted that an important component of traffic safety audit is the transport audit, the components of carrying out a transport audit are presented. The feasibility of analyzing previously implemented measures to prevent road traffic accidents by the authorities of the ministries and departments is proved. The issues of educating and training auditors are considered.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №7-2020

Fabiianska V. Y.
Improving the Professional Requirements for Auditors in the Context of Independent Audit Reform in Ukraine (p. 189 - 199)
The article is aimed at improving the professional requirements for auditors in the context of independent audit reform in Ukraine. The research methodology is based on theoretical generalizations and use of scientific instruments, including comparative analysis and analysis of the provisions of current legislation of Ukraine in the area of independent audit regulation. The research findings and recommendations on the prospects for improving the professional qualities of auditors are presented according to the aggregate measures proposed by the author. The peculiarities of the new auditor certification system, introduced by the law of Ukraine «On audit of financial statements and auditing activity» and detailed in the project of orders of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, aimed at fulfilling the requirements of the article 19 of the the law of Ukraine, are studied. As a result of the research, the ways to improve the professional qualities of auditors have been allocated, in particular: practical focus of tasks at the qualification exam; gaining practical experience of candidates in auditors; improving the auditors’ professional skills; obligatory availability of certificates (diplomas) of professional organizations confirming the high level of knowledge on the international standards of financial reporting for auditors, which carry out the obligatory audits of financial statements and mandatory audit of financial statements of the subjects of public interest. It is specified that it is not necessary that all the requirements are implemented simultaneously, the variant of consecutive implementation thereof is possible. The practical significance of the recommendations developed is that their consideration in the gaining and maintenance of professional qualities of auditors will allow to ensure a qualitatively new level of the national audit that is able to compete with international auditing firms.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Osmyatchenko V. O., Vavilov V. V.
Peculiarities of Application of the Computerized Information Systems of Accountance in the Institutions for Physical Culture and Health Recreation (p. 200 - 207)
The article is aimed at studying the peculiarities of application of the computerized information systems of accountance and reporting in the institutions of physical culture and health recreation. It is proved that the adoption by the managers of different levels at institutions of physical culture and health recreation of effective managerial decisions, especially in the conditions of world pandemic COVID-19, is possible only when receiving timely, complete, accurate, objective information on economic activities of the enterprises provided by the system of accountance and reporting. It is substantiated that, in the conditions of globalization and world pandemic COVID-19, a modification of the existing and emergence of new accounting tasks is going on, which is caused by the reorientation to the online services, change of motives and requests of all interested in accounting information of the participants of economic relations. The tasks of accountance at the institutions of physical culture and health recreation are formed and systematized. To make efficient managerial decisions in the accounting and analytical system of an institution of physical culture and health recreation, it is proposed to allocate four sections of information: accounting, analytical, forecasting, and management. It is proved that the main task of information systems and technologies of accountance at the institutions of physical culture and health recreation of Ukraine is achievement of a more qualitative level of cooperation, coordination and communication of the information relations between the departments and consumers of the services for making efficient managerial decisions. The algorithm of the automated process of taking account of any economic management operations at the institutions of physical culture and health recreation by means of accounting modeling is suggested.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №8-2020

Mysiuk V. O., Tatenko M. Y., Tatenko N. Y.
The Impact of the Land Market Law on Land Audit (p. 178 - 183)
The article researches the peculiarities of soil audit on the territory of Ukraine. The main problematic issues of practical nature arising in the process of purchase, sale, lease and other operations with a land plot are substantiated. The main stages of soil audit are reflected and disclosed. In particular, peculiarities of the online service Feodal.online, which substantially simplifies this type of verification, and the main advantages of this service are covered. The association «Zelena Spilka Ukrainy» («Green Union of Ukraine»), which is the leader among soil audits, is briefly characterized. The main provisions of the Law «On amendments to certain legislative acts of Ukraine concerning the conditions of circulation of agricultural lands» No. 552-IX, which was adopted by the Verkhovna Rada on March 31, 2020, are analyzed. The opinion of numerous scholars, practitioners and politicians about the advantages and disadvantages of this regulatory act is disclosed. Historical facts concerning the moratorium on land sales are briefly explained. The list of countries that do not have land markets is presented. The peculiarities of land taxation, dependence of the amount of tax on the amount of regulatory and monetary valuation are considered, it is indicated what articles of the Tax Code of Ukraine should be changed and supplemented. The conformity of the draft laws of Ukraine «On the State inventory (audit) of lands» No. 2405 of 08.11.2019 and «On amendments to certain legislative acts of Ukraine regarding the conditions of circulation of agricultural lands» No. 552-IX of 31.03.2020 are analyzed. The main advantages (according to the authors) of the land law are disclosed, a number of inaccuracies and contradictions arising from the adoption of the law on the land market are considered. As a result, the main effective ways of improving the legislation in this sphere are proposed, taking into account features of the Ukrainian market economy.

Article is written in English

Melnyk K. P.
The Ecological-Social Audit in the Sectoral and Territorial (Administrative) Clusters of Agriculture (p. 184 - 189)
The article substantiates the priority of agricultural development in Ukraine to ensure its national security in terms of food, economic, ecological, and at present – energy security. In the context of the creation of new territorial associations, industry clusters, the owners of large agricultural enterprises need qualitatively new reliable information, which can be provided only through audit. The article is aimed at defining the role and objectives of the audit in the conditions of agricultural reform in Ukraine. An audit system has been developed, the application of which at agricultural enterprises and in new territorial associations will ensure fulfillment of tasks of audit and implementation of opportunities. The proposed system provides for identification of the impact of audit subjects on the previous and current activities of the unit of economic management, as well as its plans and prognoses through the implementation of audit opportunities. In order to plan the development of agriculture, of particular importance be the use of audit opportunities to substantiate the prospective (prognostic) values of indicators of functioning of individual economic entities, but also industrial and administrative clusters of certain territories and the sector in general. In the context of agricultural reform in Ukraine, the role of audit is determined by the information needs of different groups of users of information both regarding the functioning of the industry as a whole and regarding the activities of individual enterprises. Prospects for further research on the implementation and development of the audit institute in terms of new territorial associations are to study and develop the system of information needs of users from the point of growing confidence in the quality of information.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Tarasova T. O., Makurin A. A.
Account of Cryptocurrency in Settlements of Enterprise as Compared to Real Monetary Means (p. 190 - 195)
The article is aimed at defining the process of settlements in cryptocurrencies between enterprises and its accounting display. During the research, it was found that all participants using cryptocurrencies distribute risks among themselves. Due to the non-recognition of the cryptocurrency as payment means, the NBU as a regulator has fully abnegated its powers as to this issue. The strengths and weaknesses of the use of digital assets are considered and listed; the main risks are characterized. It is proposed to use a synthetic account of the second order of 128 «Digital Assets» for account of any crypto assets, in the context of which it is possible to open analytical accounts appropriate for account of specific cryptocurrencies. For example, one may use of 128.1 to account the cryptocurrency bitcoin cache; 128.2 – to account the bitcoin cryptocurrency; 128.3 – to account the ether cryptocurrency etc. In addition, to account for cryptocurrencies stored on crypto-wallets, such as Coinomi, it is proposed to use a synthetic account of the second order of 336 «Digital wallet». The reflection in the accounts of payments with cryptocurrency for goods is considered. It is determined that modern «accounting science» allows identifying and making certain corrections to the existing account plan for the accounting display of certain objects, such as digital money, cryptocurrencies. Therefore, the information function of accountance allows to conduct a continuous, uninterrupted and inter-relational reflection of economic activity. The results of the research show that it is not necessary to neglect such a digital asset as cryptocurrency. It can be stored on digital wallets and used as payment means on the Internet for the proposed goods, works or services.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №9-2020

Smokvіna G. A., Popovych K. F.
The Organizational Aspects of the Formation of Accounting Policies for Innovation Expenditures on Capital Investments (p. 205 - 211)
The article outlines positive aspects of the innovation-technological direction. The authors define interconnectedness of investment, operational and financial activities, as well as the influence of the element of innovation on all three mentioned components. Accounting for innovations is considered; the issues related to solving organizational-methodological problems of accounting of investment and innovation activities of enterprises are highlighted. It is specified that the choice of a methodological support for accounting the innovation process depends not only on the nature of the implementation of the innovation plan, but also on the source of its financing. Depending on the way the innovation initiatives are financed, the changes they will make to the formation of financial resources and the accounting systems that will be used to pay for innovation expenditures are defined. The authors point out the directions in which innovations can be carried out are indicated, as well as the peculiarities of their accounting. Two conceptual approaches to the sequence of the innovation process are identified. The important issues that arise in innovation activity are illuminated and methods of attributing innovation expenditures to accounting are defined. The objects of accounting of innovation activity are indicated. To better track information and increase the organization of the innovation process, it is necessary to develop an accounting policy of the costs of innovation activity. The main components and elements of accounting policy in terms of innovative capital investment costs to be considered in the formation of accounting policies are highlighted. A properly regulated accounting policy helps to significantly improve the conduct of economic activity at the enterprise and allows owners to respond correctly and in a timely manner to the processes taking place during its implementation. With regard to the cost of innovation, the concretization of elements of accounting policy will provide participants in the innovation process with access to fair and transparent information to form an efficient managerial ability to make decisions.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Krasnikova N. G.
The Ways to Improve the Accounting-Analytical Provision of the Non-Profit Communal Healthcare Enterprises (p. 212 - 218)
The article examines the organizational aspect of accounting for incomes and expenses, as well as the problems of accounting for incomes and expenses of the non-profit communal healthcare enterprises (CNP HA). The accounting-analytical information is considered as the socio-economic basis of business globalization, which is relevant in the context of strengthening the value of accounting and reporting for the further development of economic science and practice. The essence of the concept of «accounting-analytical provision of social needs», ways, forms and factors of its improvement are researched. The directions of improvement of the accounting-analytical provision of the activities of the non-profit communal healthcare enterprises and ways to modernize the methodology of carrying out the internal audit of incomes and expenses are proposed. The accounting-analytical provision of the enterprise is one of the main prerequisites for the effective functioning of any enterprise and an important element of the formation of the efficient managerial decisions. The purpose of the accounting-analytical provision of the activities of the CNP HA is to provide the management staff of the enterprise with complete, timely and reliable information for the adoption of current and strategic managerial decisions. The accounting and reporting system should be formed in accordance with the adopted methodological principles and approaches to analytical researches aimed at a comprehensive impact on the activities of the enterprise to ensure profit and strengthen its financial position in the market. Priority directions for improving the principles and methods of accounting and auditing of incomes and expenses of CNP HA are defined; the same is considered with regard to the economic analysis to maximum satisfying the needs of users in making managerial decisions as to the dynamic development of the CNP HA. The proposed directions for improving the methodology for carrying out an internal audit of incomes and expenses allow for operational analysis and control of incomes and expenses, and in the future use this information to make effective decisions on the functioning of the non-profit communal healthcare enterprises in the long term perspective.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №10-2020

Shevtsiv L. Y., Spodaryk T. I.
Organization of Management Accounting at Domestic Enterprises within the System of Accounting and Analytical Management (p. 255 - 266)
The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical and practical approaches to the organization of management accounting on the basis of its own paradigm of accounting and information support for making effective decisions on strategic management of the enterprise. Problems of the organization of the administrative account at the domestic enterprises are defined. The results of scientists' research on the choice of technologies / tools for the organization of management accounting, which provide more opportunities for the analysis of accounting and analytical information, increase the speed of its receipt, are generalized. The necessity of building management accounting in the accounting and information system of the enterprise is researched. The authors allocate the concept of accounting and analytical support and accounting and analytical information as one of the most important ways to improve the efficiency of enterprises in modern market conditions, which are largely due to the processes of economic and digital globalization, ensure the interaction of different departments of any enterprise. It is substantiated that the main functions of accounting and analytical support are accounting, analytical and information. Emphasis is placed on the list of accounting software products for their role in the accounting system of the enterprise. The stages of construction of management accounting, their influence on the formation of business strategy in modern enterprises are determined. The advantages of using financial and non-financial indicators of the enterprise, the relevant approach, which will perform management functions in order to make managerial decisions by type of activity, are analyzed. It is examined that the organizational support of the functioning of management accounting involves the redistribution of roles between services (departments), which belong to the information section of the organizational structure of enterprise management. The organization of management accounting in the accounting and information support of the enterprise management system is proposed to be carried out on the basis of the developed model. A number of advantages that the modern organization faces at the stage of organization of management accounting are determined, the corresponding generalizations, conclusions and offers are made. The necessity of further improvement is substantiated and the main purpose of management accounting at the enterprises at the present stage of development of a market society is defined.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Kinzerska N. V.
A Classification of Risks of Foreign Economic Activity for the Accountance Needs (p. 267 - 276)
Implementation of foreign economic activity in a volatile economic environment, influence of uncertainty on the results and the effectiveness of foreign economic operations cause the need for accounting reflection of the consequences of risks of foreign economic activity. On the basis of studying the approaches of different authors and scholars to the interpretation of the essence of the concept of «risk of foreign economic activity», the economic content of this concept is determined and an author’s own definition is proposed. According to the results of the study of existing classification features and types of risks of foreign economic activity, the need to expand and improve them is substantiated. A classification of risks of foreign economic activity for accounting needs, taking into account the peculiarities of the formation of an institutional environment and the specifics of implementation of foreign economic operations, is scientifically substantiated and presented. It is proved that the use of the proposed classification of risks of foreign economic activity will ensure the formation of a comprehensive system of accumulation of information on the probability of occurrence and source of formation of risks of foreign economic activity of trade enterprises, their impact on accounting objects, indicators of financial statements and results of the operation of the enterprise. If the consequences of the risks of foreign economic activity, along with the measures aimed at minimization of them, can be reflected promptly and correctly, it is possible to ensure that the optimal financial results of trading enterprises in conditions of uncertainty can be achieved.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Lytvynenko N. O., Nashkerska M. M., Fal Y. Y.
Import Operations with Goods: Features of Taxation and its Accounting Reflection (p. 276 - 285)
The article, based on the analysis of views of scholars on the essence of the term of «import operation» and establishing the relationship of its content with the terms of «import activity» and «import», suggests a generalized definition of the term of «import operations with goods» as an aggregate of inter-relational actions, that are carried out by the subject of one country by means of buying (acquiring) commodity and material valuables from a resident of another country with mandatory or optional crossing of the customs border for further use (consumption) of such assets or their marketing. Import operations with goods are part of import activities. On analyzing the current legislative and normative regulations of foreign economic activity, the peculiarities of import operations carried out by entrepreneurial entities in Ukraine were disclosed and some inconsistencies in the accounting display of certain costs related to customs clearance of goods during import together with tax credit for the operations on the import of goods into the customs territory of Ukraine were identified. In order to correctly define the income taxation base for enterprises that carry out import operations with goods, it is proposed to differentiate (with the appropriate guidance, provided in the annex to the regulation on accounting policy) the non-base costs related to customs clearance of imported goods as those included in the original cost of goods under the article «Other expenses», and those related to the costs of certain period. The article proposes particular directions for improving the reflection in the system of double-recording of the tax credit on the operations of the import of goods into the customs territory of Ukraine, which will ensure compliance with the indicators both in the value added tax declaration and on the taxpayer’s personal account, considering their analytical context.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Melnychuk M. O., Kryshtopets Y. M.
The Accounting and Analytical Provision of Management of the Non-Material Assets of Enterprise (p. 286 - 293)
The article is aimed at examining the economic ground of the formation of information-analytical provision for the management of non-material assets of enterprises. A review of normative and professional literature showed that the concept of«non-material assets» is used in terms of their use as property of the owner, which has no materially reserved form and can be identified in the following way: as means of work – resources with a term of use for more than one year in order to obtain economic benefits for the enterprise; as objects of intellectual property rights. In order to strengthen the significance of information about non-material assets, their classification for accounting and economic analysis purposes by a number of features and relevant types is closer defined, allowing to form and provide disclosure in the financial statements. For modern domestic accounting methodology, accounting policy on a separate accounting object is a priority, so the article proposes a generalized architecture of accounting policy on non-material assets in the following three blocks: general, methodical, organizational and technical parts. Each block is imbued with with basic components that ensure the implementation of accounting policy on non-material assets at the enterprise. Taking into consideration the accounting objects concerning non-material assets of the enterprise, both external and internal factors that influence the elements of accounting policy are generalized. It is recommended to introduce a system of analytical accounting of accounting nomenclatures on the following objects of non-material assets: capital investments, identifiable objects and not always identified objects. The main directions of economic analysis of non-material assets at the enterprise are formed by developing the appropriate algorithm. The proposed algorithm can be used for carrying out analysis along with formation of analytical indicators on non-material assets in order to substantiate managerial decisions in the system of implementation of the enterprise’s development strategy.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №11-2020

Klym N. M., Plekan M. V., Muzhevych N. V.
Digitalization of Accounting in a Dynamic Global Environment (p. 269 - 274)
The article is aimed at researching the digitalization of business, which will significantly reduce costs, increase both profits and the pace of development of companies. Only digitized companies will be able to promote their goods or services in various spheres of the economy, to develop at the junction of industries at lower costs of finance and effort, because the digitalization allows to erase the so-called «sectoral barriers», creating a completely new segment of the economy. The article examined the essence of the concept of «digitalization» and diagnostics of its possible impact on the development and improvement of accounting systems, analysis, taxation. The analysis of changes and their impact on the development and improvement of accounting-analytical information is carried out, allowing to justify the need for rapid dynamic digitalization processes in various spheres. In addition, the digitalization of accounting-analytical systems will significantly save money by transforming and expanding the duties of relevant officials. Technologically, digitalization allows optimizing a significant number of accounting processes and freeing up accountance workers to perform more important tasks. The research groups the principles of development of accounting and audit systems based on the latest information systems and technologies. Accountants need to go beyond the formation of financial reports that produce information of previous periods, and use technologies of present and future time in order to predict efficient actions and development of the enterprise. In the process of researching the process of digitalization as an inevitable phenomenon in the organization of the accounting process, the authors proved that one of the most promising factors in today’s market is the use of blockchain technologies. Moreover, in the near future, leading firms will introduce blockchain technologies into the accounting and taxation system. The authors present an example of technological application of blockchain in accounting processes, describe the main advantages of using blockchain in the accounting system, which will improve the accounting system, scale it in order to create additional value of the enterprise in the long term.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Gryn V. P.
The Strategic Accounting Paradigms: A Critical Analysis (p. 275 - 282)
The task of the article is to analyze existing approaches to the allocation of strategic accounting paradigms. The article is based on the application of the paradigm model of T. S. Kuhn, allowing to analyze the non-accumulative development of the system of accounting scientific knowledge. The author allocates and analyses three main directions of using the T. S. Kuhn’s paradigm model of development of science in the development of accounting provision for strategic management (development of accountance in the context of paradigm changes in the system of strategic management; formation of a new paradigm based on the creation of a strategic accounting system; paradigm development of the strategic accounting system). The need to apply the concept of accounting strategic information space as part of the system of accounting scientific knowledge is substantiated. The methodological basis of the research comprised the communication theory and the concept of information space. The place of accounting strategic information space in the accounting system is defined in the context of understanding accounting as an information-communication system. On the basis of the carried out analysis of the selected approaches, the author determines the existence of common reasons for the allocation of different types of strategic accounting paradigms (creation of theoretical-methodological principles for the successful practical implementation of the concept of strategic accounting); the existence of different names of similar paradigms; vague adherence to the provisions of the paradigm concept of T. S. Kuhn; lack of substantiation for the place of the allocated strategic accounting paradigm within the system of accounting scientific knowledge.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Nagorna I. V., Halkina Y. Y.
The Ways to Optimize Costs of Enterprise on the Example of PJSC «Ukrainian Railways» (p. 282 - 287)
The article is aimed at finding ways to optimize costs at the production subdivision «Operational wagon depot Kupyansk» of the Regional division «Southern Railway» of the Private Joint Stock Company «Ukrainian Railways» on the basis of the performed analysis of the composition and structure of costs, profitability, the impact of the amount of costs on performance indicators, the level of costs per 1 UAH of the consummated services, and operational analysis. The views of scholars on the term «costs» are explored. It is defined that cost management is quite a complex and important process in the course of carrying out economic activity along with determining the quality of further results of enterprise. The main methodological bases of cost management, economic condition of the enterprise are researched. Optimization measures for further development of the enterprise are proposed, which will allow to use its resources more efficiently, to achieve an increase sales and maximize profits. The authors provide recommendations on managing the enterprise costs in order to stimulate the growth of competitiveness. The focus is placed on the mechanism of minimizing the costs of the enterprise in the total amount of net income, because efficient use of costs can not be carried out without structural changes in the sphere of their management. It is identified that cost management is an interconnected complex of works, which forms and influences the behavior of costs during economic activity, as well as is aimed at achieving the optimal level of costs. The proposed measures as to optimizing costs can be used by directors and managers of the enterprise to make informed decisions on the prospective development of the enterprise.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №12-2020

Diadiun O. O.
The Accounting Policies of Enterprises for Intangible Assets: The Basic Principles and Features of Formation (p. 302 - 309)
The article is aimed at examining the theoretical-practical bases of formation of accounting policy for intangible assets of enterprise, taking into account the conceptual basis of financial statements – either UAS (Ukrainian Accounting Standards) or IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards). The analysis and generalization of the requirements of regulations, as well as scientific works of many scholars on understanding the essence of the concept of «accounting policy» were carried out. Two key directions of understanding of accounting policy by domestic scholars are allocated: the closer specified one (description of alternative solutions) and the wide one (disclosure of an additional array of information in addition to choosing from the permitted alternatives). The author’s own approach to understanding the accounting policy in terms of intangible assets is proposed: it is a description of the decisions chosen by the enterprise from a number of alternatives stipulated by the standards (UAS or IFRS), regarding the recognition, valuation, submission and disclosure of information about intangible assets, as well as other aspects deemed essential. The approaches of domestic scholars to identify the main elements of accounting policy related to intangible assets are considered. On the basis of the study of alternative requirements of IAS 38, a minimum set of elements of the enterprise’s accounting policy for intangible assets is proposed, as well as key differences in approaches to the preparation of accounting policies under the UAS compared to the IFRS are defined. The appropriateness of disclosure of tax aspects in accounting policy is analyzed. Approaches to improving accounting policy and ensuring its innovative nature through the presentation of independent decisions of the enterprise on disclosure of information about intangible assets in the broad sense of this concept are proposed. It is recommended to disclose information on the identification of classes of the implicit innovation-oriented assets, approaches to valuation and monitoring of these assets outside of traditional accounting methods, as well as disclosure channels for such assets.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Chudovets V. V., Ryabushko I. V.
The Role of Accounting in the Termination of Illegal Felling of Forests (p. 310 - 318)
The article is aimed at researching the impact of a properly organized accounting system in forestry enterprises in the termination of illegal felling of forests. The development trends together with the status of accounting support of forestry enterprises affecting the volume of illegal felling are analyzed. On the basis of the study of tax legislation and statistical data on the volume of felling by types and systems, as well as the amount of revenues from rent for special use of forest resources, the need to abolish the norms for reducing rent on selective felling, as well as felling on the formation and sanitation of forests is substantiated. The problem of the accounting-methodological nature, which contributes to illegal felling, – the non-display in the accounting and financial statements of biological assets of the forest is determined. This is a fundamental problem of accounting in the forestry industry, which does not allow to ensure proper control over the preservation and reproduction of forest resources, to form the real value of the forest, the self-cost of manufactured products and to reliably evaluate the work of the industry as a whole. The need for further implementation of electronic timber accounting and its maximum combination with the accounting system of forestry enterprises is substantiated. International experience in the use of modern technologies in the organization and accounting of forestry activities is studied. As a result, it is proposed to implement in Ukraine the following: inventory and value assessment of forests, including laser scanning; creation of digital maps of forests; formation and use of DNA databases of wood, etc. The carried out research concluded that there are legal, organizational, methodological and technical factors that relate to accounting and prevent illegal felling of forests.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Koliesnichenko A. S.
The Transformation of Competencies of Auditors in the Hotel Industry Concerning New Tendencies in the Development of the Audit Institute (p. 319 - 326)
This article is aimed at: formulating the key competencies of auditors in accordance with modern directions of audit development; substantiating the need and disclosing the logic of implementation of strategic adaptation of the competencies of auditors of the hotel industry enterprises; determining the internal and external processes that impact the formation of strategic adaptation of the auditor’s competency system and the development of the audit institute in general. It is proved that the introduction of the latest innovative changes, methods and forms of organization of interaction between all subjects and institutes of audit activity will allow: to satisfy the interests of modern users of audit services and related areas of the hotel industry; to preserve competitive advantages in the industry; to provide guaranty for the sustainable business development. Taking into account the popular competencies caused by the new trends in the development of the audit will contribute to the substantiation and construction of the procedure for implementing strategic adaptation of the competencies of auditors of the hotel industry enterprises on the principles of adaptability, complexity and synergism. As a result, the set of competencies of the auditor is becoming more and more interesting and in demand for users of management accounting and reporting, acquires additional functions and tasks in the context of the development of the hotel industry. Under the influence of both the internal and the external processes, there is a further division of the audit institute into an independent subsystem of the hotel cluster. The results formulated in the course of the research allow us to state that in the future it will be expedient to analyze certain factors and components influencing the strategy of adaptation of the system of the auditors’ competencies.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Polishchuk O. T., Bernadska Y. O.
Accounting Provision of the Costs Management for the Production Quality (p. 326 - 331)
The article is aimed at researching the essence of costs for the quality of production, their importance and necessity, the reliability of reflection in the accounting system, which will ensure the efficiency of managerial decision-making and the introduction of a cost management system at the enterprise, including in terms of costs for the production quality. Approaches to the essence of quality costs are analyzed, researches of scientists on the need for such costs in the cost management system of enterprise and the production quality management system are substantiated. Approaches to the feasibility of classification of quality costs on the basis of requests from the managers of different levels of management are considered, as well as the formation of their nomenclature and catalogue in terms of costs for quality provision and for the correction of rejects. The need to introduce a system of accounting for the production quality as an informational component of making effective managerial decisions is substantiated. The researchers’ proposals for displaying quality costs in the accounting system are examined. A generalized algorithm of the process of organization of accounting for costs of production quality is proposed, which provides for: setting tasks for accounting costs for quality; determination of objects of accounting and classification of such costs, methods of assessing the costs of production quality, system of accounts; development of a complex of documentary support. The components of each stage of this algorithm are substantiated. It is determined that the efficiency of the quality costs management system depends on reliable accounting and analytical provision at all stages of the economic process of their occurrence, accumulation, distribution and write-off.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №2-2021

Ivanenko V. O., Laichuk S. M.
Matrix Methods in Assessing the Feasibility of Accounting Outsourcing (p. 223 - 232)
The decision to outsource should be preceded by a thorough substantiation for its feasibility and efficiency. The existence of many models and methods for substantiating the feasibility of outsourcing is primarily associated with different approaches to evaluating the efficiency and with variety of types of outsourcing, as for each type an individual calculation may be offered. As one of the most popular analytical instruments for preliminary outsourcing evaluation is defined the use of matrix method, by means of which the most common «outsourcing matrices» are considered (McKinsey’s BCG matrices, «Pricewarehouse Coopers», D. Khlebnikov, A. Kh. Kurbanov, IBS, B. O. Anikin and I. L. Ruda, A. H. Isavnin and I. I. Farkhutdinov, N. K. Moiseeva, O. M. Malyutina and I. O. Moskovina) and it is justified that the main difference between the existing matrices is the criteria for evaluating business processes (functions). A matrix of strategic measures on accounting outsourcing has been developed, which analyzes the internal and external environment from the point of view of the strengths and weaknesses of the enterprise, its capabilities and expected threats. Opportunities and threats are caused by the external (uncontrolled or poorly controlled) factors, while strengths and weaknesses – by the internal (controlled) factors. It is emphasized that SWOT analysis is an effective instrument for business cooperation and a way to optimize activities of enterprise. It is proved that the main purpose of SWOT analysis of outsourcing of accounting services is to determine the current situation, prospects and the further best behavioral strategy for accounting on one’s own or delegation of accounting to external executors. Prospects for further research are study and assessment of risks that arise when carrying out outsourcing activities.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Davidyuk A. A., Kambur I. V.
Implementing the State Budget Accounting Policy with the Use of Automated Systems in Ukraine (p. 232 - 239)
The functioning of budgetary institution in the market conditions is impossible to imagine without the computerization of its main economic and production processes. Accountance is no exception. To facilitate routine accounting work, a large number of different accounting programs have been created in recent years. The introduction of accounting software products allows not only automating the accountance, but also establishing order in inventory control, in the supply and sale of products and goods, tracking contracts, quickly calculating wages, timely submitting official statistical reports. Computerization of accountance (both in general and considering its separate sections) not only facilitates the process of management of activities, but also is a prerequisite for fulfilling a number of legislative requirements, in particular regarding the submission of electronic reporting. In addition, automated accounting systems are used to process accounting information. The use of software allows the accountant to obtain up-to-date information, reduce the number of errors in the entry and processing of data caused by the human factor. The publication examines the current state and substantiates the need to automate the accounting system of budgetary institutions in order to ensure their efficient activities. The main features of software products for accountance automation in budgetary organizations are considered, also the main advantages of using these applications to optimize and adapt the accounting system of domestic institutions to the contemporary challenges of the information society and international practice of budget accounting are defined. The peculiarities of use of the most popular software products of budgetary institutions of Ukraine are analyzed; the key requirements for companies – manufacturers of accounting automation software products for the budgetary institutions of Ukraine are substantiated; a phased algorithm is substantiated to ensure the effective implementation of the process of automation of the accounting system in domestic budgetary organizations.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Karpushenko M. Y., Shakhverdyan D. S.
Features of the Display of Social and Labor Indicators in the Integrated Reporting (p. 239 - 244)
Integrated reporting enables to provide interested users with non-financial information, including data about social activities and enterprise staff. Labor resources are a necessary source that causes the development of the company, and effective investment in human capital allows achieving strategic goals in a minimum amount of time. Consequently, the reflection in the reporting of human capital data is of great value, since currently investing in this type of capital amounts to a significant share. The nature of information about human capital and strategies for its management is subject to disclosure in integrated reporting and allows users to valuate the efficiency of such investments. The publication is aimed at considering the peculiarities of the preparation of integrated reporting in terms of social and labor indicators, with a substantiation of such indicators. An analysis of functions and constituents of integrated reporting, principles of formation of integrated reporting in accordance with the international standard of integrated reporting is carried out. The composition of the management report in accordance with regulatory requirements, as well as the composition of the report on the management of a number of enterprises are analyzed. On this basis, a proposal as to the list of social and labor indicators of integrated reporting is formed and formulas for their evaluation to integrate all indicators into a single one are suggested. Using this formula, one can compare different enterprises and draw a reasonable conclusion about the work of the enterprise in this direction. In the future, the development of integrated reporting should be aimed at developing and refining the system of indicators and generalizing management provision in the process of preparing internal integrated reporting.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Hnatiuk O. M., Bala O. I.
National and Foreign Experience of Stocks Management: The Accounting Aspect (p. 244 - 249)
The publication defines the economic content of the concept of «stocks»; a comparative analysis of interpretation of this category in view of the content is carried out; the approaches to the interpretation of constituent elements of the enterprise’s stocks are analyzed; the peculiarities of accounting and analytical management along with reflection of stocks in the balance sheet of the enterprise in accordance with normative legislative acts are determined. Also the peculiarities of foreign practice of stock accounting are explored and analyzed. An overview of stock management in economically developed countries comparing with national practice is carried out. The peculiarities of attribution of certain types of assets to stocks, both in Ukraine and abroad, are determined. Both the common and the distinctive features of stock management of either the national or the foreign accounting are identified. A study of the main provisions of the national (standard) of accountance 9 «Stocks» and the international standard of accounting 2 «Stocks» is carried out. The economic content of the category of «stocks» is defined in accordance with both above mentioned standards. A comparative analysis of the stock accounting methods according to IAS and PSBO is carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the methods are determined. The possibilities and expediency of consolidation of the provisions of the national regulation (standard) of accounting with international accounting are considered. Proposals have been formed to improve the process of stock accounting on the basis of the provisions (standard) of national accounting and in accordance with the norms of the international accounting standard 2 «Stocks». It is proved that the harmonization of the typical provisions of the PSBO and IAS, especially for entities engaged in international economic activity, will facilitate to manage the condition and quality of stocks, which is the key to effective production and economic cooperation. At this, the authors recommend the following: improve the accounting of stocks regarding their content and classification; improve the financial, accounting and management display of stocks; improve economic analysis, control and audit on the efficiency of application; automate accounting processes.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Momot T. V., Illiashenko O. V.
The Methodical and Organizational Provision of Internal Audit of Revenues and Expenses for the Communal Non-Profit Healthcare Enterprises (p. 249 - 255)
The article is aimed at systematizing the theoretical and methodical provisions and substantiating practical recommendations for organizational provision of internal audit of revenues and expenses for the communal non-profit healthcare enterprises (hereinafter – CNP HE) under current conditions of management as result of reforming the healthcare system. The methodology and organization of internal audit of revenues and expenses of the CNP HE is considered. The theoretical and methodical provisions are systematized. The necessity of introducing an internal audit of revenues and expenses in the activities of the CNP HE is substantiated. The directions of internal audit development in Ukraine and other countries are studied. Practical recommendations on organizational provision of internal audit of revenues and expenses for the CNP HE are provided. Objects of internal audit of revenues and expenses are explored; its components and functions are considered; the main tasks are defined; the main forms of the organization are identified; the need to establish an internal audit service in the CNP HE and its effective functioning is substantiated. The factors that ensure the effectiveness of internal audit of revenues and expenses of the CNP HE are examined. The indicators for evaluating internal audit of revenues and expenses of the CNP HE are determined. It is summed up that the internal audit of revenues and expenses for the CNP HE should be defined as providing independent and objective consultations and conclusions aimed at identifying the causes of violations and shortcomings in the financial and economic activities, in the financial and budgetary statements of these enterprises, eliminating these shortcomings and especially preventing their occurrence. Prospects for further research in the sphere of internal audit of the CNP HE are formation of an adaptive model of methodical and organizational provision for internal audit according to certain directions and objects of audit.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №3-2021

Petryk O. A., Patsarniuk O. V.
The Organizational and Methodological Approaches to Auditing the Efficiency of the Enterprise’s Innovative Activities (p. 105 - 112)
The article is aimed at studying the peculiarities of the audit of efficiency of the innovation activities of enterprise and determining the organizational and methodological approaches to its conduct. The article proposes an audit of the efficiency of innovation activities to be considered as a test of the effectiveness and efficiency of the innovation activities of enterprise and identifying opportunities for its improvement. On the basis of the analysis of the process of auditing the innovation activities of enterprise, a unified approach to the allocation of the main stages of the audit of innovative activities is developed, which is proposed to include: formulation of the purpose and objectives of the audit of innovative activities of enterprise; determination of the type of engagement and coordination of its conditions with the client; collection of necessary information; planning, execution and completion of audit, and the stage of follow-up. The application of specific audit procedures corresponding to the allocated stages of the audit of efficiency of the enterprise’s innovation activities and covering various engagements is substantiated. The importance of analytical procedures that will be applied during the entire time of the task accomplishment in terms of the audit of efficiency of the enterprise’s innovation activities is emphasized. When assessing business risks, it is proposed to allocate the risk factor, which consists in classing the industry in which the enterprise operates, to the group of sensitive sectors of the economy regarding the suspension of activities as a result of the lock-down announcement. It is defined that, unlike the audits of financial statements, for engagements on the efficiency of innovation activities, the provision of the auditor’s report is not the last stage. Taking into account the importance of the results that may be in the process of performing the follow-up stage for audits of efficiency of the innovation activities of the enterprise, it is proposed to make provisions when concluding an agreement for the performance of an engagement.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Honcharuk S. M.
Audit and Assurance Engagement: The Theoretical and Practical Aspects (p. 113 - 118)
The article substantiates the need to develop audit functions related to the accomplishing of assurance engagements. The research used methods of structural and logical analysis, comparison and generalization of the requirements of the International Quality Control, Auditing, Review, Other Assurance, and Related Services Pronouncements, as well as the current legislation. The purpose of assurance is to increase the users’ trust in the information verified by the auditor, which must be reliable and logically grounded. The auditor who performs the assurance engagement concludes that it is intended to increase the degree of trust of future users in the results of the evaluation or comparison of the subject of the engagement with the relevant criteria. The article provides outcomes of an analysis of the market of audit services in Ukraine for 2017–2019, which indicate that the audit market is functioning and is being transformed. The volume of accomplished engagements compared to 2017 has increased by almost UAH 898 million. It is substantiated that the audit firm should adhere to a number of principles that would ensure the assurance of users in the accuracy of information. These can include the following: integrity, continuity, relevance, optimality, efficiency, attracting and preserving customers, monitoring. It is proposed to develop audit in the direction of ensuring the requirements for public awareness about its activities, carrying out inspections of quality control systems, ensuring transparency of contractual relations, the results of the implementation of assurance engagements, as well as the introduction of additional requirements for them, etc.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №4-2021

Fomina O. V., Avhustоva O. O., Shushakova I. K.
Assessing the Intangible Assets (p. 154 - 160)
The article is concerned with the issues of assessing the intellectual property rights as part of intangible assets of enterprises. The article is aimed at substantiating the theoretical principles and improving methodological approaches to the assessment of intangible assets in the process of formation of the value of enterprise. The normative-legal regulation of valuation of intangible assets in order to determine the value of intangible assets of enterprises in monetary terms for the purposes of accounting and in the field of professional valuation activity is studied. The interrelationship of approaches of independent professional estimation and accounting valuation in order to apply it to the needs of accountance is specified. Described are the cost (based on determining the cost of expenses, necessary for the reproduction or substitution of the valuation object), profit (used to determine the valuation of intellectual property rights, based on the application of assessing procedures for transferring the expected profit to the value of the assessed object) and comparative (determines the market value of an intangible asset, when there is sufficient reliable information on prices in the market of such objects and the terms of contracts for the disposal of property rights to such objects) approaches to the valuation of intangible assets. The formulas for computing the value of intangible assets based on the cost approach are provided. The assessment of intangible assets is carried out according to the above specified formulas of the cost approach on the example of a patent for invention. It is determined that in the absence of an active market to determine the fair value of intangible assets, it is advisable to apply the cost approach, namely: the method of direct reproduction.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Kovalevska N. S., Nesterenko I. V., Sokolova E. B., Karbivnycha T. V.
The Digital Component of Modern Audit of Activities of Business Entities (p. 161 - 168)
The article is aimed at substantiating organizational provisions and developing recommendations for improving the conceptual principles of projecting a computer-based audit system for the activities of performers of entrepreneurial activities. The article proposes the principles of modeling the audit system in the structure of the information service of entrepreneurs, provides proposals for assessing audit risks at different stages of entrepreneurial activity, substantiates methodological approaches to conducting an audit using modern information and communication technologies. It is proved that computer-based audit is an effective instrument for controlling and managing economic security of business entities. When designing the organizational-methodological structure of the audit, it is proposed to use the stages of audit development: confirming, system-oriented, and risk-based audit. When deciding on the creation and operational function of the computer-based audit of the activities of business entities, it is recommended to take into account their size, category, organizational and legal form of management, organizational structure, level of automation of accounting and control procedures. Scientific approaches using the proposed indicator of information security to assessing the state of information security of business entity are defined, their components are: degree of use of information and communication technologies in business processes, status of information threats, and degree of security of information resources. Methodical principles of auditing using modern information and communication technologies are proposed to strengthen control and analytical functions of management with the use of the latest audit systems. It is proved that computer-based audit covers the use of information technologies and software as a method and tools of the auditor in the process of performing the task on the basis of reliability assessment and identification of significant risks of the information system of a business entity.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Pelekh U. V., Tenyukh Z. I., Khocha N. V.
Analyzing the Methods and Organizational Bases of Preparing the Consolidated Financial Statements (p. 168 - 175)
The article provides a theoretical substantiation and an analysis of the methods and organizational bases for the preparation of consolidated financial statements. The essence of the concept, purpose, regulatory support of consolidation of financial statements are considered. Conceptual principles of consolidation methods application, which are generalized and studied: continuity and systematicity, essentiality, unified methods of valuation, unified date of preparation of consolidated financial statements, unified accounting policy, unified currency. The main requirements for the preparation of the consolidated financial statements are displayed. The main stages of consolidation of financial statements are provided. The main methods of consolidation of financial statements are analyzed: full consolidation, proportional consolidation, share participation method. The defining problems that arise at the stage of preparation and submission of consolidated financial statements are systematized as follows: the reporting methodology is rather complex, there is no clear instrumentarium for the practical application of the IFRS requirements, known inconsistencies between the IFRS and the current legislation of Ukraine (the IFRS requires additional disclosure), slow operational responsiveness of consolidated statements, the use of different software products for operational and financial management, the lack of qualified personnel, and the inconsistency of the accounting methods. Additional problems are identified by the following: complexity of normative regulation; complexity of organizing the accounting process; complexity of collecting and structuring credentials in order to compare them; supported multicurrency; impossibility to determine the contribution of a particular company to the general indicators of the group; difficulty in determining the amount of unrealized profit and equity participation shares; high labor intensity and duration of reporting; lack of methodology for analyzing consolidated statements. It is concluded that further research is needed to solve existing problems.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Starenka O. M.
Objects and Subjects of Operational Control at Industrial Enterprises (p. 176 - 182)
In modern conditions of management, operational control at Ukrainian industrial enterprises should be present at all levels of management. For the efficient functioning of the operational control system, it is necessary to clearly understand the essence of its objects and subjects. Therefore, the article analyzed and summarized the views of different scientists regarding the essence of these concepts. It is defined that the subject of operational control is a structural unit or employee which should provide information about the actual state of the controlled object in a short time, prevent the occurrence of violations in real time, eliminate negative consequences so that this does not affect the final result of the economic activity of the enterprise. The levels of subjects of operational control, which are allocated depending on the involvement in the process of operational control, are suggested as follows: minimum, medium, maximum. The application of the proposed order will facilitate the receipt of the necessary operational information in real time by all interested parties and increase the efficiency of operational control directly where business operations are carried out. The objects of operational control were specified taking into account the needs of the management system, their classification was closer defined on such grounds as types of objects, composition of objects. The need to consider the objects of the operational control system in the context of economic processes is substantiated. The use of the proposed approaches to objects and subjects of operational control will contribute to the proper distribution of responsibilities for carrying out control, improving the quality and reliability of information, efficiency of enterprise management as a basis for making managerial decisions.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №5-2021

Yaremyk M. I., Yaremyk K. Y.
The Impact of Big Data Analytics and Innovative Information Technologies on Audit Quality (p. 302 - 307)
The article is aimed at examining and systematizing the factors influencing innovative information technologies on the auditor’s professional judgment, efficiency and quality of audit, as well as studying the impact of big data analytics on the skills and competence required by auditors to conduct an audit in a big data environment. The state of use of data analytics instruments in auditing is characterized. Based on the analysis of the views of scientists, experts and practicing auditors, the main tasks of the audit are systematized, in which the effective use of big data analytics is possible, among which the following are distinguished: assessment of continuity of the enterprise’s activities along with bankruptcy forecasting; detection of financial fraud and assessment of the effectiveness of control; use of visualization dashboards to form a professional judgment of the auditor on the scope of control, the uniformity of the the sample set and size, the threshold of materiality. The main factors that hinder the use of big data analytics in the audit are highlighted, namely: inconsistency in assessing the reliability and accuracy of data in the sets; ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of the client’s data; uncertainty about several methodological bases of the audit, in particular sampling-based testing, as well as the lack of skills and competencies among auditors regarding the use of big data analytics instruments. Prospects for further research in this direction are to identify the possibility of eliminating inconsistencies in the use of big data at the level of standards, as well as to improve educational and professional training programs for accounting and audit specialists with a focus on obtaining skills in working with big data.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Khorunzhak N. M., Koshchynets M. I.
The Administrative Transformation Processes in Ukraine and their Impact on Financial provision and Accounting in the Sphere of Education (p. 308 - 316)
The article is aimed at critical evaluation and comparison of the modern and the preliminary approaches to financial provision and accounting in the sphere of education to develop recommendations for eliminating gaps and shortcomings, organizing an effective information system of management for educational institutions and rationally spending budget funds in them. As a result of the research, the impact of changes in the management and financing system on the organization of accounting is proved, new conditions and requirements for such organization in educational institutions of territorial communities are allocated. Based on the analysis of indicators of revenues and directions of expenditures of local budgets, it is concluded about an optimistic forecast of the development of the education sector of territorial communities. The impact of innovations in terms of financing and administrative transformations on the education management system in villages and settlements, as well as the organization of accounting in them, is identified. The peculiarities and organizational specifics of the formation of accounting entities, the powers of education management bodies in the implementation of the task of creating an accounting system for the implementation of the budget are determined. It is substantiated that granting autonomy to educational institutions has a positive impact on the management of them and their financial resources, but significantly complicates the issue of accounting. To solve some problematic issues, a general scheme for the formation of a accounting system in the sphere of education in the conditions of decentralization and a step-by-step scheme for the implementation of this task have been built. Prospects for further research in this direction are the formation of methodology and techniques for accounting operations carried out by educational entities, in particular, accounting display of tender and other purchases; development of recommendations on the economic substantiation of the decision on the choice of accounting method by the educational institution. Further development of research on the issues of keeping and organizing accounting in the sphere of education in the context of decentralization will increase the efficiency of spending budget funds and contribute to the growth of the quality of educational services.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №6-2021

Kuz V. I.
Development of Accounting in the Conditions of Digitalization of Economic and Administrative Processes (p. 197 - 204)
The article is aimed at studying and evaluating the theoretical provisions of the development of the accounting system in the conditions of digitalization of economic and management processes, as well as identifying changes in the basic parameters of functioning of the information system under study. The article closer defines the purpose of accounting based on the division of users of accounting information into external and internal; substantiates the possibility of using information and communication technologies, implementation on the part of the studied information system of the consolidation, creative and prognostic functions, which will ensure an increase in the relevance of accounting data. The list of accounting objects (digital data, crypto assets, intangible assets, new types of settlements, social and environmental assets, qualitative criteria for conducting certain types of financial and economic activity), the identification of which is due to the digitalization of economic and management objects, as well as a system of methods and approaches for their information processing and appropriate disclosure of information, are defined. It is proved that the use of digital technologies not only contributes to the improvement of the operational efficiency of information processing, but also ensures its reliability, because it simplifies the procedures for determining fair value, allows the management staff to operate large amounts of data when making managerial decisions. New requirements for the professional competencies of accounting employees are outlined (flexibility in training, establishing and maintaining business communications, innovative methods of processing accounting data, control and analysis with the help of software products, programming and adjusting the functioning of accounting software products in accordance with the peculiarities of conducting economic processes and user information requests) as defined by the needs of active use of information and communication technologies in accounting and management processes.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №8-2021

Nazarova K. O., Us A. O.
Praxeology of Sustainable Development Reporting for the Analysis and Audit of the Trade Network (p. 102 - 108)
The priority direction of this study is to determine the state of submission by Ukrainian enterprises of reports on sustainable development, standards that are being used in the completion and submission of such reports, and the main directions of further implementation along with application of international standards. In recent years, the submission of reports on sustainable development has become increasingly relevant as a significant indicator of the enterprise’s activities within the framework of corporate social responsibility and the directedness towards international ideas for reporting information on economic, social and environmental indicators for making operational managerial decisions. Therefore, the introduction and adaptation of international standards to national and sectoral documents, which are the basis for reporting on sustainable development, becomes especially relevant. The network principle of trade over the past decade has acquired a special development, so that retail chains, as a significant indicator of the socio-economic standard of living, need special attention in the context of the introduction of sustainable development reporting. The study results in defining the needs of stakeholders regarding the information received, which is determined by three main directions: economic, social and ecological, which is further necessary in determining the attractiveness of the enterprise in order to participate in the M&A (mergers and acquisitions) processes. The analysis of implementation of reports on sustainable development in Ukraine and the world is carried out; active participants in these processes are identified; distribution by areas of application of reports on sustainable development by enterprises of Ukraine is accomplished. The main content of existing international standards, according to which the report on sustainable development is submitted, is determined. Further research will allow to develop recommendations for the implementation of this type of reporting, internal methods of auditing both the financial and the non-financial information contained in such reports, and typical methods of auditing these indicators.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №9-2021

Bezruchuk S. L.
The Philosophical Conception of Quality in Accountance: A Theoretical Study (p. 170 - 176)
The quality of information covers a number of its characteristics, and as a philosophical category quality is characterized by relativity, independence from the subject, as the most objective concept. In accountance, this concept is multifaceted and multivariate, which makes it difficult to outline and study the definition. Quality was considered as an internal feature of the subject, its property, a totality of features, etc. The article examined the philosophical interpretation of the concept of «quality» and its evolution in the accounting system, as a result of which it is found that the term «quality» has objective (measurable and calculated) and subjective (those that are evaluated only by each individually) characteristics. The author’s own vision of the philosophical category of «quality» in the accounting system is proposed. The main emphasis is on the objective and neutral nature of the category of «quality», which corresponds to its philosophical basis and allows to distinguish it from the concepts of «level of quality», «usability» and «suitability». There is a transition from the scheme «users – requirements – capabilities of the accounting system – quality» to the scheme «users – requirements – signs – capabilities of the accounting system – quality», and important factors of quality justification are standardization and audit system. Accordingly, in accountance, to ensure such objectivity, it is necessary to create requirements, since the quality, in addition to measurable (objective) features, has purely subjective features (each person evaluates accounting information differently). In order to ensure high-quality reporting, compliance with standards should be mandatory subject to clear regulation on the part of the State, responsible, not a formal approach to obtaining the relevant audit opinion. Not only the theoretical sphere, but also the practice of reporting by enterprises in terms of the characteristics of the category of «quality of reporting» requires further research.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Melnyk L. I., Shot A. P.
Implementation of European Requirements of the State Audit into the National Practice (p. 177 - 182)
The article considers the main tasks of the State financial control body in Ukraine. The shortcomings of the current system of the State financial control are identified and proposals to the State financial control bodies in the system of budget regulation as to improving certain work areas are suggested. The strategy of reforming the public finance management system for 2017–2021 is analyzed and appropriate conclusions are drawn. Areas of improvement are proposed to improve and optimize the work of financial control bodies in Ukraine. After all, the welfare of the people largely depends on the effectiveness of the State financial control, for which reason one of the most important functions of public administration should be directed towards identifying deviations from the adopted standards of legality, expediency and effectiveness of management of both the financial resources and the State property, as well as the timely implementation of the necessary appropriate adjustments and precautions. The modern world requires constant improvement of the financial control system. Ukraine, as a developing country, does not stand aside from this process. Our country is constantly underway to reform the system of the State financial control. Scholars, experts, society leaders are involved, international experience is used. Despite the considerable amount of work already done in the process of reforming the State control system in Ukraine, the formation of a powerful and effective system of the State financial control still remains one of the most important governmental tasks of our time, as evidenced, in particular, by the statistics of the activities of the Western Office of the State Audit Service for 2019–2020, presented in this article. It is important that Ukraine moves in the right direction by improving its system of the State financial control.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Melnyk N. H., Semaniuk V. Z.
Accounting in the Context of Sustainable Development and Circular Economy (p. 183 - 188)
A significant component of sustainable development, proclaimed by the UNO, is the requirement to significantly reduce the formation of waste by preventing, reducing, recycling and reusing them. In the context of the formation of sustainable models of consumption and production, it is the circular economy that can provide a restorative, closed nature and is intended to replace the linear economic model. Circular economy has a restorative, closed nature, is characterized by minimization of consumption of primary raw materials and volumes of recycled resources, reduction of waste and waste costs. However, the transition to a circular economy requires a completely new approach not only to the production process, but also to the management system, a significant component of which is accounting. The purpose of the research is to outline the features and tendencies of accounting evolvement in the conditions of sustainable development and circular economy. The article specifies that the speed of changes in practical activities and scientific research in the context of sustainable development causes a change in requirements and functional approaches to accounting. The theoretical and practical approaches considered allow to determine those features of sustainable development and circular economy that influence accounting. The most difficult challenge in the development of accounting in the conditions of sustainable development and circular economy is the combination of economic, ecological and social results, as well as formed, established principles of accounting and financial reporting, also ensuring their reliability. Research of theoretical conceptions of accounting for sustainable development on the basis of positive and normative accounting theories can contribute to standardization and unification of financial and non-financial reporting on the company’s performance in the context of sustainable development and circular economy, limiting the possibility of incomplete, incorrect, inaccurate or unnecessary information.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №10-2021

Kopotiienko T. Y.
The Theoretical Fundamentals of Internal Audit (p. 284 - 290)
The relevance of the topic of the article is grounded upon that the introduction of internal audit into the practical activities of economic entities requires ensuring the proper theoretical basis of this process. According to the results of the research, it is proposed to define the essence of internal audit as a system created in the interests of the owner (co-owners) of a corporate formation, the meaning of which consists in the implementation of permanent, coherent activities by the authorized department as to valuation of the efficiency of administration of the economic activity of the enterprise by managers, provision of recommendations for its improvement, establishment of the reliability of accounting data and reporting indicators, assessment of the reliability of the applied systems of accountance, internal economic control of the enterprise, etc. by applying specially defined procedures. Such an approach specifies the initiator, the executor and the way of organizing internal audit. The purpose of internal audit is identified, which consists in information provision of the owner (co-owners) of the enterprise on the reliability of accounting and reporting of the enterprise, the level of efficiency of enterprise management by hired managers and the development of proposals for improving these processes. The formulated theoretical provisions of the internal audit in terms of identification of its essence, purpose, tasks, both initiator and executive entities will contribute to its division with other forms of control and will allow to form the basis for implementation in the practical activities of enterprises. The relationship between internal audit and internal control of an economic co-partnership is determined, according to which the latter represents a subject of internal audit. Prospects for further scientific research are the development of a methodology for internal audit of an economic entity on the basis of a risk-oriented approach.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Semenova S. M., Shpyrko O. M., Ziabchenkova H. V., Kuzmenko O. P.
Risks in the System of Accounting and Financial Statements (p. 290 - 297)
The article is concerned with studying the risks that are formed in the accounting and financial reporting system, their grouping and characterization for effective management and improvement of enterprise performance. Risk management standards clearly indicate the responsibility of management in assessing risks, managing and reporting them. The transformation of user approaches and needs to complete and reliable information about the risks of enterprises, in particular to the preparation of integrated reporting, indicates that the process of improving both the management and the reporting systems is underway. Accounting simultaneously acts as a function of risk management through the creation of reserves and provisions, a means of displaying risks and decisions about them through disclosure of information in the reporting, and is also a source of risk formation. The literature highlights the latter aspect the least. On the basis of the carried out research, the following groups of risks arising in the accounting and reporting system are determined: risks in the field of application of international (or national) accounting and reporting standards; absence (inefficiency) of management accounting, tax planning, internal control, independent audit; risks of errors and fraud; risks of adverse changes in legislation. For each group, the enterprise will be able to choose the most effective response measures through distribution (by creating reserves, insurance, diversification, outsourcing, developing accounting policies and job descriptions) and reducing risks (through investing in staff education: trainings, seminars, courses and motivation, updating accounting software, compiling and reporting, substantiating professional judgment, improving the internal control system, regulating management accounting, integrated reporting, system solutions). Thus, in order to increase the efficiency of risk management, of practical value should be taking into account the risks of accounting and reporting systems, if we consider them as a source of risks, and not only as an instrument for administration or information disclosure.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №11-2021

Sliunina T. L., Matiushko M. M.
Problems of Audit Development and Audit Reform in Ukraine (p. 322 - 327)
In the context of the development of the market economy and the reform of accounting in accordance with international standards, auditing activity in Ukraine is becoming widespread. The issue of the quality of audit activity is currently of high relevance. Despite the fact that today the audit regulation system seems to be fully established, there are a number of problems that complicate the process of regulating the audit market entities. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to analyze the updated requirements for regulating audit activities along with problems of audit development in Ukraine. In the course of the research, it was found that the audit serves as a reliable way to justify the financial statements data and is one of the important types of services. At the same time, it is defined that the audit activity currently has a number of contradictions and problems. The article discusses the main aspects of audit regulation in Ukraine, peculiarities of the current state of the audit market, as well as prospects for the regulation of audit activity in Ukraine. The essence of the audit, features of its methodology and organization, its importance for the development of the State economy, the need for its research and reform are determined. The current state of the market of audit services, the normative legal acts regulating the issues of auditing activity and attestation of auditors, the results of control over the quality of work of auditors and audit organizations are researched. An analysis of the market of audit services in Ukraine was carried out. The impact of current changes in the legislation regulating the audit on the state of auditing activity is examined. Other major problems that arose and arise on the way of development of audit activity during its formation in Ukraine are researched, the reasons for their occurrence are identified. The need to solve many problems and carry out significant reforms related to audit activities in Ukraine is determined.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Shushakova I. K., Hryn A. Y., Kolomiiets D. V.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Accounting Outsourcing (p. 327 - 334)
The article is devoted to theoretical and practical issues of evaluating the effectiveness of accounting outsourcing. The purpose of the article is to study methodical approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of the use of accounting outsourcing – a contemporary form of accounting organization at domestic enterprises. The approaches to interpretation of the essence of accounting outsourcing in scientific papers are researched. The authors’ own definition of accounting outsourcing is presented, whereby the form of conduct of accounting is understood, which involves the transfer of certain or all accounting functions and risks to an outsourcer, who will minimize costs and increase competitiveness at a defined price for a certain period of time. The organizational and functional aspects included in the accounting outsourcing are determined. Types of accounting outsourcing are characterized. The theoretical principles of evaluation of the effectiveness of accounting outsourcing in scientific literature are studied. The analysis of practical aspects of evaluating the effectiveness of accounting outsourcing made it possible to identify methodological approaches to such an evaluation. The list of costs borne by the enterprise when introducing the accounting service in the organizational structure of the enterprise is closer defined. The formula for calculating the economic effect of accounting outsourcing is elaborated. An example of calculating the economic effect of accounting outsourcing when deciding on the use of accounting services on the terms of outsourcing is provided. It is determined that the use of the elaborated formula ensures the improvement of the effectiveness of use of accounting outsourcing as a form of accounting organization for newly established, small and medium-sized enterprises and the type of economic activity for external entities.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Selishchev S. V., Klymenko V. V., Novalska N. I., Bahrii M. M.
Some Methodological Aspects of the Application of Analytical Procedures in Determining by the Auditor the Application of the Principle of Continuity in the Preparation of Financial Statements by Management of the Transport and Logistics Company (p. 335 - 340)
One of the important conditions for the activities of audit firms is the control and optimization of the costs of conducting audit procedures, which allows to minimize unjustified costs. This is especially true of transport and logistics companies with their specifics of business, document flow, and internal control. Therefore, in this matter, an important role is played by reducing labor costs for the auditing. As a solution for optimizing the labor intensity of carrying out the audit, analytical procedures can be applied, which, in turn, are one of the main methods for obtaining audit evidence. The article defines the place of analytical procedures in the procedural provision of audit and examines certain methodological aspects of the application of analytical procedures in determining the principle of continuity in the preparation of financial reports by the management of the transport and logistics company. The criteria for evaluating the results of the analytical tasks and approaches to the assessment of the accounting system as an information base of audit evidence are distinguished, taking into account the specifics of the transport industry. Researching this issue has allowed to disclose the main elements of methodological support of analytical procedures for determining the risk of disruption of the continuity of the transport and logistics company, namely: definition of the main objects, distinguishing the criteria for evaluating the results of the analytical tasks and approaches to the assessment of the accounting system as an information base of audit evidence.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №12-2021

Romashko O. M., Tatenko M. Y., Tatenko N. Y.
The Main Problematic Aspects of the Accounting of the IFRS Lease and Ways to Solve Them (p. 210 - 217)
The purpose of this study is to disclose the issues of lease, taking into account the new standard, as well as the characteristics of the features of displaying practical issues and displaying such information in the company’s financial statements. No less important task of this study is to propose means and ways to solve the analyzed problems, taking into account the practical and scientific base. The article analyzes the main problematic aspects of accounting of the IFRS lease. In particular, the relevance of this topic is disclosed in connection with the adoption of the new standard: IFRS 16 «Leases». The analysis of the works of scholars who have worked on this topic is carried out. The definition of the term «Lease» is presented in various regulatory frameworks, in particular in the legislation of Ukraine, Great Britain and Germany. Based on the analysis of IFRS 16, the conditions under which the relationship recognized as a lease are specified. The need for an updated standard is indicated; attention is focused on the shortcomings of the IAS 17 «Leases». A comparative analysis of new standards was carried out: European IFRS 16 and American ZPO 842 «Leases». Attention is focused on the benefits of these regulations. The most important problematic issues of the updated European standard are highlighted and schematically reflected, namely: lease term, lease agreement, discount rate, retrospective recalculation. In particular, a practical example is provided using the research of the «big four» specialists. The following ways to solve problems are proposed: determination of lease term in internal accounting policy and criteria that would indicate significant economic benefits; determining the percentage of the ratio of the size of the materiality and fixing it in the standard; registering a discount rate in the accounting policy, with the justification of the choice, and in the standard – criteria for its choice; adjustment of the amount of assets and liabilities in retrospective recalculation of balance sheet indicators in previous periods.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Korol S. Y., Hnasko O. I.
Ethics of Professional Accountants as a Factor of Influence on the Economic Environment (p. 217 - 224)
The article focuses on the ethics of professional accountants, which determines the approaches to the formation and disclosure of information about the activities of business entities, in terms of influencing the Ukrainian economic environment. The purpose of the study is to analyze the possibility of increasing the competitiveness of the Ukrainian economy through compliance with the principles of ethics of professional accountants. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved: analyzing the content of the basic concept and the relationship between the ethics of professional accountants and the state of the economic environment; researching the cases of unethical behavior and practice of violation of the principles of ethics of professional accountants; defining the measures and means of influencing the formation of ethics of professional accountants in Ukraine in order to prevent cases of using fraudulent schemes and unfair behavior of accountants. It is proposed in defining the concept of «ethics of a professional accountant» to take into account his responsibility to society for the information provided. It is determined that for Ukraine, which has chosen the European vector of development, it is advisable to rely on European values and principles, which are defined by the International Code of Ethics of Professional Accountants. The analysis of fundamental normative documents influencing the formation of ethics of professional accountants is carried out. Fraudulent schemes related to disregard for the principles of ethics are systematized and recommendations for preventive actions are provided. The types of means and measures that contribute to the formation of ethics in professional accountants, increasing their responsibility in order to improve the Ukrainian economy have been identified.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №1-2022

Korol S. Y., Semenova S. M., Kurbet M. A.
Implementation of Sustainable Development Reporting in Ukraine: The Status and Prospects in the Context of European Integration (p. 294 - 301)
The purpose of the article is to analyze tendencies and determine the prospects for the implementation of corporate reporting in Ukraine, its compliance with European practice and the stated desire for sustainable development. The analysis of recent research and publications revealed the need to increase attention to the issues of business transparency in Ukraine and reporting on sustainable development as a condition for the formation of its social responsibility. In the course of the research, it was found that in recent years there have been significant changes in the State policy on the implementation of the sustainable development goals and the formation of national regulations on reporting on the part of companies on their impact on the environment and society. There have been changes in the approaches to management, which corresponds to the request of financial capital suppliers and other stakeholders not only in the EU countries, but also in Ukraine. The authors came to the conclusion that in the current conditions, ensuring transparency and increasing social responsibility of business should concern not only large companies and groups of public interest, but also small and medium-sized businesses. Excluding small and medium-sized businesses from this process deprives them of the opportunity to benefit from the publication of non-financial and integrated reporting, using it as a means of communication. Given the unpreparedness of business leaders and the complexity of the introduction of such reporting, there is a need to develop and implement governmental programs in Ukraine to support and stimulate social responsibility of business to transparency, in particular those entities reporting their contribution to sustainable development. Further research in this direction should be aimed at creating favorable conditions and determining approaches for more active involvement of all market participants in the disclosure of non-financial information and the transition to integrated reporting.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Loboda N. O., Chabaniuk O. М., Spodaryk T. I.
RSO as a Way to Organize Primary Account Data: The Fiscal Aspect (p. 302 - 308)
The processes of production and application of the registrar of settlement operations (RSO) in the field of cash circulation and settlement operations are very much relevant, because in the context of an increase in the amount of information processed by enterprises, the question arises about the speed, quality and accuracy of accounting, reporting and analysis of the results of activities and control over its implementation by regulatory authorities. Of particular importance are studies of the use of RSO as one of the means of regulating money circulation by economic entities for making effective managerial decisions and for the control of both monetary operations and circulation of goods, carried out by regulatory authorities. The article is aimed at assessing the state of application of RSO as one of the means of regulating money circulation by economic entities, as well as determining their advantages, disadvantages, types and main points of implementation. The article investigates the theory and practice of introducing RSO into the activities of economic entities. The concept of the registrar of settlement operations as one of the means of regulating money circulation is distinguished. A comprehensive assessment of the types of RSO as of 2021 is carried out; the term of use, the cost of introduction and the functional purpose of the RSO are analyzed; appropriate generalizations and conclusions are made. The necessity of introducing RSO into the work of economic entities is substantiated, their main advantages and significant disadvantages are highlighted. A SWOT-analysis of the application by economic entities of the software registrar of settlement operations (SRSO) as one of the most optimal variants of RSO, which will allow to legalize a significant share of the turnover and financial flows of the State, is carried out.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Serpeninova Y. S.
The Problems and Prospects for the Development of Integrated Reporting as a Means of Additional Disclosure of Accounting Information (p. 308 - 313)
The analysis of global trends in the development of integrated reporting allows to assert that convergence processes are taking place and the transition from competition for the distribution of spheres of influence between key organizations in the field of standards development into establishing a dialogue between them for the purposes of unifying, standardization and consistency between existing reporting concepts is gradually being carried out. On the other hand, there is a tendency to develop integrated reporting taking into account industry specifics, which causes the need to develop industry standards for integrated reporting. The article is aimed at studying the approaches of scholars to the allocation of existing problematic aspects of the implementation of integrated reporting, as well as systematization of perspective directions for the development of integrated reporting based on the analysis of reports of major organizations on the development of integrated reporting standards and the provision of services for the preparation and verification of such reporting. Problematic aspects of the development of integrated reporting are systematized in the context of theoretical-methodological, technical-organizational and institutional directions. These problems of implementation of integrated reporting set general trends in its further development, serving as benchmarks for its improvement. Despite the existence of different views of key global players in the development of integrated reporting standards and the provision of services for the preparation and verification of such reporting on the future prospects for its transformation, the main common trends in the development of integrated reporting are the following: reduction of volumes; digitalization of formation and publication; orientation to different stakeholders (primarily capital providers); expansion of indicators and reporting in terms of achieving targeted values according to these indicators; achieving sustainable development indicators.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №4-2022

Opolinska V. V.
Accounting for Costs in the Sphere of e-Commerce in Ukraine (p. 97 - 102)
The rapid development of e-commerce affects the methodology of accounting, forming new tasks for modeling the behavior of business entities. In the presence on the net, having an own website, the efficiency of online advertising events increases, since any advertising may contain a link to the company’s website. To develop a website, the company bears certain costs, in particular: for services of creating a design, domain registration, promotion, website support, services for placing website data on the server, and others. The use of websites in the activities of e-commerce enterprises leads to the emergence of new objects to be reflected in accounting, thus it is necessary to determine the methods of evaluation, signs of classification and accounting methodology. At that, it should be noted that the legal and methodological documents regulating accounting do not fully reflect these changes and need to be supplemented. This article is concerned with substantiation of theoretical provisions and development of practical recommendations in terms of accounting for the costs of creating a website, its operation, promotion, and maintenance. Methodical approaches to accounting for the costs of creating a website are proposed, which should be improved taking into account such factors as: method of creation; stages of this process; identification of accounting procedures. The conducted research allowed to formulate criteria for recognizing the website as an intangible asset, which is important for improving the accounting policy of the enterprise. Thus, the presented methodology will help to form reliable accounting information that will avoid distortion of accounting data.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №5-2022

Pylypenko A. A., Tyrinov A. V.
The System Paradigm of Accounting Organization in the Context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (p. 92 - 99)
The challenges of the fourth industrial revolution require the reorientation of accounting systems and economic analysis to modern achievements in the field of digitalization and automation of business processes of enterprise. At that, although accounting is a key source of information formated for managerial decisions, it must necessarily be consistent with the data from other information-analytical systems, which requires solving a number of problems described in the article and changing the parameters of its organization. The article is aimed at the development of theoretical-methodological provision for changes in the parameters of the organization of accounting of economic entities under the influence of the fourth industrial revolution and digitalization of the economy. The implementation of the purpose of the article is based on the hypothesis of approximation of the parameters of an accounting organization to the elements of the corporate architecture of enterprise with the simultaneous expansion of the functionality of the accounting system through the use of system engineering practices described by the set of standards of the world organization for standardization. An additional requirement was the need to transform accounting from a simple system of information collection to a system to support the management of an economic entity by means of business forecasting, modeling and preliminary processing of information. As a result of proving the authors’ hypothesis, a model of system-process representation of the paradigm of accounting organization was developed, the instrument for the construction of which was the technology of displaying an event-driven process chain (EPC). The developed EMF chart reflects the logic of alternating functions as to maintaining the relevance of the accounting system in accordance with the requests of users of accounting data. Accounting in this case is considered as an element of a single data management space, which is formed by developing an ontological model of the enterprise’s activities. The actual implementation of the accounting organization project is proposed to be based on the combination of functional analysis and synthesis of elements that ensure the implementation of an expanded list of functions. At the same time, the implementation of the service paradigm for meeting user requests for accounting data is envisaged. Within the framework of EMF modeling, a set of documents on regulating the process of both record keeping and organization of accounting is elaborated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №6-2022

Labunska S. V., Sobakar M. V.
Recognition of Internally Generated Goodwill as an Identifier of the Valuation of Intangible Assets in the Management Accounting System of Enterprise (p. 64 - 77)
The aim of the article is to analyze the existing methods of goodwill valuation and determine the possibility of their application in relation to the identification and recognition of internally generated goodwill as an accounting object and an information basis for effective management of the assets of enterprise. As a result of the analysis of regulatory documents and scientific works of scholars on the exitant valuation methods, the main approaches to the conception of value characteristics were considered, the advantages and disadvantages of their application were allocated, and recommendations for the assessment of internally generated goodwill were provided. As a result of the study, global trends in the accumulation of internally generated goodwill were analyzed, its economic essence and role as an identifier of intangible assets in the management accounting system were considered. The main elements of internally generated goodwill are allocated in accordance with the sources of its formation, which will become the basis for the development of a methodology for its assessment. The accounting and expert directions of assessment of internally generated goodwill are considered, in terms of which the essence, advantages and disadvantages of methods are analyzed, and the possibility of their application to the elements of goodwill is highlighted. It is noted that none of the methods is universal and cannot fully ensure the efficiency of the management of internal goodwill. It is proposed to conduct a comprehensive assessment of internally generated goodwill using various methodologies. As the main ones, methods of additional profit and of profit advantages are proposed, for which the calculation procedure is provided. It is recommended to combine calculation methods with empirical ones based on expert conclusions to increase the objectivity of the input data and the results obtained. Prospects for further research are to develop a detailed system of elements of internal goodwill based on the proposed general approach, methods of their identification and evaluation, and the formation of a system of estimated indicators of such intangible resources.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №9-2022

Moiseienko S. M.
The Organizational Principles of the Control over Settlements in Electronic Commerce (p. 67 - 73)
The purpose of the article is to improve the organization of the control over settlements in e-commerce by developing an organizational and information model. Being a promising and quite attractive form of doing business, e-commerce is characterized by specific risks: errors in the operation of the applied software, illegal withdrawal of funds, copyright infringement, leakage of corporate information, cybercrime and fraud with financial transactions, violation of personal data protection and their use for personal purposes, etc., which has an impact on the organization of control over settlements in this sphere. It is identified that the improvement of the organizational principles of control over settlements in e-commerce will contribute to a better control measure and will positively affect the overall efficiency of the system of management of an e-commerce entity. As result of the study, an organizational and information model is developed and substantiated, which takes into account the peculiarities of this sphere of economic activity and consists of six blocks: the purpose and objectives of control over settlements in e-commerce; objects and subjects of control over settlements in e-commerce; system of economic indicators of control over settlements in e-commerce; information base of control over settlements in e-commerce; methodical methods of processing primary (incoming) information of control over settlements in e-commerce; methodical methods of generalization and implementation of the results of control over settlements in e-commerce. The use of the presented development will contribute to better preparation of the control measure, optimization of control over both the time and cost parameters. Prospects for further research in this area may be the development of a risk-oriented methodology of control in e-commerce.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №10-2022

Marenych T. H., Kovalova T. V.
A Systematic Approach to Essentiating the Professional Judgment of an Accountant (p. 132 - 144)
The purpose of the article is to study the essence of the concept of «professional judgment of an accountant» and the scope of its application based on the use of a systematic approach. The article emphasizes the important role of professional judgment of an accountant in reflecting a reliable idea of the financial condition and results of the enterprise’s activity, cash movement, providing useful financial information to internal and external stakeholders. The provisions of the current regulatory legal acts on the reflection in the accounting and financial statements of objects, facts and events that require the application of professional judgment of an accountant are analyzed. It is proved that in international accounting standards much attention is paid to the professional judgment of an accountant, but they often do not detail for a particular case the procedure for evaluating or recognizing the object of accounting. The goal of the professional judgment of an accountant is defined, which is to ensure the functioning of accountance as an integrated system, to promote the formation of complete, reliable, relevant information about the activities of the enterprise for diverse users in accordance with their information requests. It is concluded that the professional judgment of an accountant is applied at all stages of bookkeeping (financial, tax, management accounting) and the preparation of appropriate reporting forms, when developing and amending accounting policies and is aimed at observing the principles of accounting and financial reporting, substantiation of the continuity of activity, materiality and compliance of accounting information with specific facts and circumstances that occur in the business environment and activities of the enterprise, satisfaction of information needs of stakeholders. The main elements of the professional judgment of an accountant include: knowledge, professional obligations, customer orientedness, experience, ethical principles, and personal qualities. The main approaches to the disclosure of the essence of professional judgment of an accountant are determined as follows: in a narrow sense, professional judgment comprises the basis for the formation of accounting information in financial statements; in a broad sense it represents a tool for the formation of the minimum necessary accounting information for diverse users. The proposed stages of the formation of professional judgment will ensure the adoption of the correct and responsible professional opinion of the accountant, which will increase the reliability of accounting information. The authors’ own definition of the concept of «professional judgment of an accountant» as a professional opinion of a specialist (specialists) is proposed in order to form a qualitative characterization of information about an accounting object or reporting article, which is based on the specifics of the activity of an economic entity, the legal or economic situation, the quality of accounting systems and internal control.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Izmailov Y. O., Osmyatchenko V. O., Yegorova I. G., Barytskyi R. O.
Developing the Information Systems for Accounting and Taxation in the Context of Globalization and Digitalization of Economic Relations (p. 145 - 151)
The article is aimed at substantiating the influence of computerized information systems for accounting and taxation on the formation of high-quality information in the context of globalization and digitalization of economic relations. It is proved that the formation of the information society involves the subordination of economic growth to the qualitative parameters of social and economic development, since further progress will be determined not so much by the production of goods as by the expanded use of information. It is determined that information is a factor of globalization in the information society, so national strategies for economic development of countries of the world should be built on the specifics and main trends of globalization processes, on the grounds of the conception of sustainable development. It is substantiated that the digital economy consists of three main parts, namely: infrastructure development and support, e-business, and e-commerce. It is noted that for the effective functioning and development of each component of the digital economy, a precise accounting and taxation system is needed, which will provide high-quality, reliable and complete information for making managerial decisions. A list of the main directions of development of digital socioeconomic relations in the conditions of global cooperation is proposed. It is determined that the computerized information system of enterprise management is a set of economic-mathematical methods and models, technical, software, technological instruments and solutions, as well as the availability of specialists for information processing and managerial decision-making. The most popular in Ukraine are the integrated corporate information systems «Parus», «Galaxy», «BAS», SAP R/3 (SAP AG), etc., and the correct choice of the type of information system by an enterprise requires a classification of such systems according to the criterion of complexity of the functions and tasks performed at enterprise. It is proved that the use of computerized information systems in accounting and taxation leads to simplification of administration, ensures the preparation of reliable, understandable and comparable financial and management reporting, aligning internal relations between the departments of accounting, economic, control services and increasing the analytical value of information about the financial and economic activities of the enterprise as a whole and its individual important links in particular. Concerning the system of accounting and taxation, it is proposed to allocate several sections of information about the economic activity of the enterprise, which include accounting, analytical, forecast and management information. Each of these information blocks is sensitive to the influence of a certain group of factors, needs to have a number of problems solved, and has reserves to improve the organizational and quality level. The general algorithm of the automated process of accounting and taxation of any business operations through modeling is constructed. The considered problems of computerization of information systems of accounting and taxation and the proposed recommendations for their solution create a basis for continuing research in the direction of improving the methodology and organization of accounting and taxation of economic activity of enterprises in the context of globalization and digitalization of the economy.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №1-2023

Yevdokymenko V. K., Kuz V. I.
An Instrumentarium for Managerial Accounting: Identification and Efficiency (p. 123 - 129)
The purpose of the article is to study and substantiate approaches to the identification of objects, methods and instruments of managerial accounting based on its importance for the information support of the management system, interrelationships with other information systems and the management models selected for the application. The article substantiates the dominant importance of managerial accounting as a source of relevant information for making atypical, unformalized, uncertain, multipurpose, strategic managerial decisions and decisions which take attention of many criteria. The necessity of taking into account the content of managerial tasks and information requests in the identification of objects and instruments of managerial accounting is proved, which will increase the level of efficiency of the information provision process and the relevance of accounting data. The article determines the need for the inclusion in the managerial accounting subsystem of new objects that characterize the social, ecological and organizational components of economic activity, as well as financial and non-financial information that characterizes the state and development of the external socioeconomic environment, changes in the objects under study in the future. It is proposed to include in the managerial accounting instrumentarium such objects and instruments, the information characteristics of which are of interest to management staff, and their methodological processing is possible in accordance with the principles of building an accounting system and the stages of the accounting process. The problems of non-fulfillment by managerial accounting of the functions assigned to it due to insufficient level of professional qualification of managerial accounting specialists, lack of practice of regulating the relationships between management levels and producers of accounting information, existing organizational, methodological, technical and subject communication barriers are identified.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №3-2023

Usatenko O. V., Pashkevych M. S.
Professional Judgment in the Field of Accounting and Financial Reporting in Accordance with IAS and IFRS (p. 90 - 95)
The article is aimed at: establishing qualitative requirements for the content of information about a transaction, event or condition to which the professional judgment of an accountant is applied; development of an algorithm for considering sources of information when providing professional judgment; a thorough examination of IAS and IFRS and identification of cases where accountants should use professional judgment when choosing alternatives provided for in IFRS, as well as in cases not provided for by these standards, since normative regulation is not able to take into account many variable business situations. As a result of the study, the boundaries of the concept of «professional judgment of an accountant» are outlined and it is determined that professional judgment can be considered one of the important tools for regulating accounting in realizing its main goal – the formation of reliable and complete information about the financial condition and financial activities of an economic entity, as well as a tool that allows timely and adequate response to the changes that taking place. Qualitative requirements for the content of information about a transaction, event or condition to which professional judgment is applied are established; an algorithm for considering sources of information in providing professional judgment is developed; cases of application of professional judgment under IAS and IFRS are defined. This will lead to an increase in the quality of reporting of the enterprise, will allow the accountant to manage financial statements, make it useful for analysis and management. Prospects for further research in this direction are as follows: determination of classification features of professional accounting judgments; establishing the format and content of risk disclosure in the accounting (financial) statements; identification of trends in the basic indicators of the financial condition of organizations depending on the professional accounting judgment formed in the process of establishing accounting policies.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Koliesnichenko A. S., Monastyrska Y. Y.
The Accounting Arrangement of Labor Resources and Audit of Remuneration Calculations (p. 96 - 102)
The article is aimed at: disclosure of significant aspects that affect the orderliness of the process of accounting for labor resources; identification of the main vectors and objects of internal audit of remuneration calculations; generalization of possible typical violations in the audit and formation on this basis of directions for improving the use of labor resources and individual elements of accounting and audit of remuneration calculations. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are methods of generalization, analysis, graphical method, and system approach. The information and analytical base was formed as a result of the elaboration of legislative acts of Ukraine, statistical and analytical reviews on the dynamics of changes in wages of employees of Ukrainian enterprises, other scientific papers and publications. As a result of the carried-out study, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of the accounting system on the spectrum of issues related to the accounting of remuneration calculations depends on the orderliness of the process of accounting for labor resources, labor accounting, its payment, taxation and payout, that is, it requires an integrated approach to the assessment of labor relations – from the initial accounting of labor performance by staff to the final settlements with each employee. The main vectors and objects of internal audit of remuneration calculations are determined, allowing to allocate methods for establishing typical violations identified during the audit and to define their impact on accounting as a whole. Generalization of possible typical violations during the audit allowed to form directions for improving the use of labor resources and individual elements of accounting and audit of remuneration calculations. It is substantiated that the main ways of improving the audit of remuneration calculations, which should be introduced at the enterprise, can be divided into three following directions: organizational-institutional, structural-systematic, and information-documentary. Practical significance lies in improving the integral system of labor resources management and increasing individual indicators of economic activity as a result of the introduction of effective measures to improve the accounting and audit of remuneration calculations.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №4-2023

Porsiurova I. Р.
Improving the Organization of Accounting of Fixed Assets of a Trading Enterprise (p. 117 - 123)
The article is aimed at identifying the existing accounting problems of a trading enterprise and providing recommendations for improving the organization of accounting for fixed assets of an economic entity. It is defined that the flow of incoming documents at an enterprise is an organized, coordinated process of moving documents from one responsible person to another according to the document turnover schedule developed and approved by the enterprise. The author studies the stages of organization of document turnover at an enterprise, compliance with which prevents loss of information on business transactions. Based on the analysis of the existing problems and errors in the accounting of the enterprise «Desega Holding Ukraine» LLC, it is proposed to conduct regular internal or audit checks on the accounting of fixed assets, the tasks of which are to analyze and control the operations of accounting for fixed assets. It is determined that in order to improve the technical condition of fixed assets, it is recommended that a trade enterprise carry out reconstruction and modernization of existing fixed assets. It is found that an important measure that facilitates the implementation of operations, in particular the movement of fixed assets, is internal control and analysis, for which the company has introduced the position of internal auditor, whose functions include control and analysis: the correctness of the attribution of tangible assets to fixed assets, their valuation, the correctness of computations of depreciation, timeliness and correctness of documentation, and reflection in the accounting registers of receipt and disposal of fixed assets, etc. To improve the accounting of fixed assets, it is proposed to create new analytical subaccounts on the basis of account 131 «Depreciation of fixed assets» - to allocate the accrued depreciation in accordance with the groups of fixed assets used at the enterprise. The stages of computerization of the accounting process are studied. On the basis of the carried out analysis of the IT market of computer technologies and systems, alternative domestic and foreign software products (services) that effectively provide accounting and electronic document management instead of the software product used by the trading enterprise are identified. When choosing a software product, «Desega Holding Ukraine» LLC should pay attention to the availability of technical settings for processing significant information data arrays for the industry capabilities of the enterprise. The author has developed a model of electronic document turnover for organization of fixed assets accounting in the management subsystem of a trade enterprise, which demonstrates the modules of an alternative software product, including the organization of electronic document turnover for the performed operations on fixed assets accounting. The proposals and recommendations provided will contribute to the effective organization of fixed assets accounting and managerial decisions that will lead to a more positive financial result of the trade enterprise.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Voskresenska T. І.
The Accounting and Analytical Reflection of Financial and Economic Risks in Housing Construction (p. 124 - 129)
The article discloses the peculiarities of occurrence of financial and economic risks in housing construction. It is examined that financial and economic risks in housing construction accompany the entire construction process – from the moment of obtaining permits to commissioning of housing construction objects. It is specified that financial and economic risks in housing construction affect the interests of all construction participants (investors, developers, intermediaries, buyers). It is noted that certain types of financial and economic risks, such as the currency and inflation ones, are inherent and arise for all participants in housing construction. Another part of the financial and economic risks arises for a separate subject of housing construction. In the process of housing construction, some types of financial and economic risks disappear, others, on the contrary, arise in accordance with changes in the primary conditions for housing construction. In order to reduce the negative effects of financial and economic risks, construction participants try to manage them through procedures such as: risk avoidance, risk sharing, and risk insurance. It is specified that the basic document, which provides for the possibility of a kind of insurance against the possibility of certain types of financial and economic risks for certain subjects of housing construction, is a construction contract. The peculiarities of reflection in the accounting of insurance and self-insurance by participants in housing construction of possible consequences of financial and economic risks in housing construction are disclosed. It is proposed to reflect insurance costs as part of deferred expenses with their gradual reflection in current costs, as well as in financial expenses (without prior reflection as deferred expenses). When using the mechanism of self-insurance by construction participants, the possible consequences of financial and economic risks reflect the creation of an insurance reserve and its write-off. The study emphasizes that owing to the impossibility of a clear identification of financial and economic risks, there is a problem of their accounting and analytical reflection by housing construction participants.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Izmailov Y. O., Yegorova I. G., Moroziuk O. O.
The National and Foreign Features of the Accounting and Taxation of the Renewal and Repair of Non-Current Assets (p. 130 - 136)
The purpose of the article is to systematize and substantiate the national and foreign peculiarities of accounting and taxation of the renewal and repair of non-current assets. It is proved that by investing in the renewal of non-current assets, the efficiency of economic activity of an enterprise is achieved, and compared to the acquisition or creation of new items of non-current assets, renewal and repairs require significantly less cost and are capable of increasing the productivity of economic activity of enterprises in a relatively short time and at relatively low cost. The authors propose to interpret renewal as a set of measures aimed at maintaining the items of non-current assets in working condition with elements of improvement of the initially expected economic benefits, as well as at increasing future economic benefits initially expected from the use of such assets. Such an interpretation of renewal will allow to include repairs and maintenance with elements of modification or modernization of individual parts of the item, which meets the needs of modern production and increases the objectivity of assessing the value of non-current assets that have undergone appropriate improvement. The authors substantiate both the national and foreign peculiarities of accounting and taxation of the renewal and repairs of non-current assets. The main problems of accounting and taxation of the renewal and ongoing repairs of non-current assets are identified, among which the main ones are as follows: arbitrary interpretation of the term «renewal» and diverse and inconsistent classification of types of renewal of the non-current assets in accounting and taxation practice in the absence of a clear disclosure of this concept in the national or international regulations; outdated primary documents; lack of specially designated accounts for accounting for the costs of repairing non-current assets and insufficient analytical orientation of subaccounts to the account 15 «Capital investments» to reflect the improvement of non-current assets – owing to the lack of a systematic classification of such costs; unregulatedness in legal acts of the process of determining cases when the implementation of a particular type of repair or renewal leads, or does not lead to an increase in future economic benefits originally expected from the use of the item, which complicates the procedure for accounting and defining the amount of possible changes in the valuation of non-current assets. A list of the main directions of development of digital socioeconomic relations in the context of global cooperation is proposed. To improve the system of accounting and taxation of the renewal and repair of non-current assets, it is proposed the following: reworking of regulatory legal acts in terms of disclosure of the concept of of «renewal» and providing a single reasonable classification of its types, which will contribute to an adequate presentation of information on the costs of the renewal of non-current assets and more fully meet the information needs of the analysis; definition of basic accounts and guidelines for accounting for these costs, especially taking into account the types of renewal, which will avoid possible erroneous accounting records and facilitate the formation of an analysis information base. The considered problems of accounting and taxation of the renewal and repair of non-current assets and proposed recommendations for their solution create the basis for continuing research in the direction of improving the methodology and organization of accounting and taxation of economic activity of enterprises in conditions of limited financial and material resources.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №5-2023

Oleksich Z. A., Solodukha M. V.
Analysis and Characterization of the Report on Payments in Favor of the State on the Example of Extractive Companies (p. 141 - 147)
The article analyzes the activities of enterprises in the oil industry and highlights the main powerful oil producing companies of Ukraine. In the course of the analysis, it was found that the State receives a large share of tax revenues in the budget from extractive industry enterprises. The reason for this phenomenon is the presence of a large number of mineral deposits located on the territory of Ukraine. The standard and reports of the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITІ), which provide high-quality disclosure of information on the state of affairs in the country’s extractive industry and transparency in the management of natural resources, are analyzed. The main characteristics and features of reports on payments in favor of the State are determined (the items analyzed were: form, content, reporting period, financial indicators, number of employees, frequency of submission, publicity, terms of publication, subjects of inspection). The legal regulation, in particular the Law of Ukraine «On Ensuring Transparency in Extractive Industries», the preparation of such reports, the types and amount of liability for failure to prepare reports on payments in favor of the State are analyzed. The analysis showed that the application of fines and the implementation of domestic legislation positively affects the regularity and correctness of reporting on payments in favor of the State. The implementation of legislation and the development of recommendations for writing a report of companies in the oil sector allows to publish information indicating not only the amount of the State budget revenues, but also the quality indicators of the activities of such companies. The world experience of using tax revenues to local budgets is analyzed, which leads to rational and fair distribution of funds in the interests of all parties to the process of consumption and use of natural resources. According to the analyzed reports of oil-producing foreign companies, the main ways and directions of application of tax revenues and their effectiveness are identified.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Yuhas E. F., Lalakulych M. Y., Rybakova L. P.
Accounting Policy of the Enterprise in the Conditions of War (p. 147 - 152)
The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical foundations and practical aspects of the study of the accounting policy of the enterprise in the conditions of war. The full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of independent and sovereign Ukraine caused significant negative phenomena and processes occurring in the economy and society. Destabilizing factors had the most significant destructive impact on the sphere of entrepreneurship, as a result of which the conduct of economic activity underwent significant destabilizing changes, and the risks of negative effects significantly increased. The introduction of a special legal regime of martial law in the country caused the need to keep records of economic transactions at enterprises taking into account the factors of war, which significantly reformatted approaches to the accounting system at enterprises and caused its changes. The article analyzes the main scientific approaches to determining the essence of the company's accounting policy and elucidates the specifics of its change in the context of the economic and legal analysis of current legislation in the field of accounting and financial reporting. It has been proven that the existing destabilizing factors of a military nature have a significant destructive effect on the state and changes in the accounting policy of the enterprise, which are due to the need to reflect in the accounting and financial reporting of economic transactions associated with the: impossibility of economic activity or its significant limitations due to the conduct of active hostilities; forced relocation business entities to relatively safe territories; legal restrictions on settlements with Russian and Belarusian counterparties; increased risks of counterparty default; destruction, large-scale destruction, damage and depreciation of assets as a result of active hostilities; provision of defense assistance; as well as settlements with employees in conditions of martial law. The main methods of improving the accounting policy of the enterprise in the conditions of war are proposed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Matros O. M., Mykhailovyna S. O., Ratushna O. P.
The Business Terminology of Social Media in the Context of Accountance Objects (p. 153 - 158)
The aim of the study is to adapt modern business terminology used in social networks (media) to the legislative framework of accounting and taxation. By drawing a parallel between terms in social media and terms (objects) used in accounting and taxation, it became possible to quickly adapt the legislative framework of accounting to the modern language of business. The works of domestic and foreign scholars related to accountance of business in social networks were studied, allowing to understand the identity of this problem both in Ukraine and over the world. As a result of the study, the problems of synchronization of terminology in social networks with accounting objects are allocated. Among the main ones are: differences in interpretation of terms, lack of standardization, limited context of information, rapid change of terminology, and cultural differences. It is determined that in order to successfully solve these problems, it is necessary to maintain clear communication, improve the accountants’ knowledge of digital technologies and relevant terminology in various spheres and spaces (either offline or online). An analysis of business terminology in social media in the context of accounting objects was carried out, which necessitates changes in the legislative framework of Ukraine, including accounting and taxation; the regulatory documents that require mandatory changes have been considered. The proposed changes in regulatory documents, first of all, will avoid many errors in accounting and reduce the time for studying specific accounting objects. This research is important for accountants and accounting and tax professionals because it will help them use social media effectively in the context of accountance and will help improve communication and understanding between different business sectors using different terms and approaches.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №8-2023

Kryvoruchko M. Y.
The Influence of the Institutional Environment on the Implementation of the Professional Judgment of an Accountant in the Context of Dysfunction of Socioeconomic Development: The Theoretical and Methodological Aspect (p. 199 - 204)
The article is devoted to the study of the theoretical and methodological aspect of the influence of the institutional environment on the implementation of the professional judgment of an accountant in the context of dysfunction of socioeconomic development. In the process of preparing the article, the views of domestic scholars on the problems of professional judgment were analyzed. According to the results of the study, it is found that among domestic scholars there is no unified approach to defining the professional judgment of an accountant. Various aspects of understanding the essence of professional accounting judgment have been allocated, which is considered in the context of the development of accounting policy, the formation of intellectual capital, the theory of behaviorism, education in the field of accounting and institutionalism. The article focuses on the influence of the institutional environment on the implementation of accounting judgment in the context of dysfunction of socioeconomic development. Among the key factors of the institutional environment, aspects of ease of doing business based on the World Bank’s methodology are highlighted: starting your own business, location of production facilities, communal utilities, labor relations, international trade, taxation, dispute resolution, competition, insolvency. The basic categories of institutionalism are considered and the relationship between the dysfunction of the institutional and socioeconomic environment and managerial decision-making by stakeholders under conditions of uncertainty is substantiated. It is concluded that professional judgment plays an important role in the process of preparing financial statements and management reports based on an understanding of the institutional environment in which an economic entity operates. Prospects for further research are outlined – analysis of information reflected in the financial statements and the report on the management of enterprises of a particular industry or region, in order to study the peculiarities of the application of professional judgment in the practical activities of accounting specialists. This will allow to identify the factors of the institutional environment that are of the greatest interest to stakeholders and are appropriately reflected in the reporting of economic entities.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Fedorov I. O., Nezhyva M. O.
Investment Audit in Ensuring the Development of Enterprises of Public Interest (p. 205 - 210)
Determining the efficiency of activity and investment potential of public interest enterprises for the purpose of further investment can be carried out in different ways, one of which is conducting an independent investment audit. The aim of the article is to present the effect of the investment audit of enterprises of public interest in ensuring their development and assessing the real efficiency of investments, as well as establishing the further vector of its development. The article summarizes the state and development strategy of the investment audit of public interest enterprises. The content of the existing investment audit procedures and the directions of further development are disclosed, the views of scientists on the development of the subject area of knowledge and practical activity are systematized. The market of auditing services for the performance of tasks for enterprises of public interest has been analyzed, the main problems characteristic of the domestic market of auditing services have been identified. The concept of "investment audit" is substantiated, its purpose and tasks are defined. Its main elements are formulated and approaches to improving the methodology are proposed according to the stages of conducting an investment audit of the activities of enterprises of public interest. Conducting an investment audit will contribute to ensuring the development and increasing the investment attractiveness of the enterprise among users who need complete, reliable, unbiased and timely information from independent experts as a basis for making investment decisions.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №9-2023

Vasilieva L. M., Buhai T. О.
A Generalization of Scientific Approaches Regarding the Essence of the Concept of «Fixed Assets» as an Object of Accounting (p. 186 - 191)
The article emphasizes that the activity of each enterprise presupposes the availability of means of production and appropriate material conditions, which are one of the most important elements of productive forces, as well as the main element of the material and technical base. It is noted that the key elements of management of fixed assets are organization, timely receipt and analysis of accounting and analytical information. The carried out analysis of scientific literature, normative legal acts along with generalization of scientific approaches to the essence of the concept of «fixed assets» made it possible to allocate the main features of fixed assets, namely: fixed assets are tangible (physical) assets that the enterprise uses to carry out its main activities and achieve its goals, they can be of different types; all sources indicate that fixed assets must be used for a long time (namely, more than one year or one operating cycle). In accounting, fixed assets are accounted for as assets and depreciate over their useful lives. It is found that the criteria for determining fixed assets exist in order to determine which assets can be included in this category in the accounting of an enterprise. The criteria for determining fixed assets are provided, namely: materiality – the asset must have a physical form and exist in the real world; means of labor – a fixed asset is an object that is used in the production process or for the provision of services; long-term use is expected – the fixed asset is planned to be used for more than one year. It is emphasized that such an approach to the criteria for determining fixed assets allows for correct accounting, evaluation of fixed assets of enterprise and reflection in the financial statements in accordance with the relevant accounting standards and norms.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Tkachenko O. S., Rozdaybida N. V.
Studying the Internal Audit at the Non-Financial Enterprises (p. 191 - 196)
Modern economic conditions, which increase the requirements for the efficiency of management of non-financial enterprises, the reform of accounting in accordance with international standards, also the rapid development of market relations in Ukraine, necessitate the expansion of auditing activities and the improvement of the quality of its information provision. The importance of the topic of the article is determined by the concern that the introduction of internal audit in the practice of economic entities requires a proper theoretical and regulatory basis. The article pays attention to the issue of internal audit at non-financial enterprises. The importance and role of internal audit in the system of activities of economic entities are defined. The article discloses the purpose of internal audit, which is to ensure the efficiency of non-financial enterprise. The current state of the legal and regulatory basis that regulates issues related to the conduct of auditing activities is examined. The authors analyze works of scholars, the orders of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the DSTU ISO 19011:2019, the International Standards for Quality Control of Audit, Review, Other Assurance and Related Services on the definition of the concept of «internal audit»; the principles of auditing; the theoretical foundations of internal audit; the estimation of competence of the persons conducting audits. The study reveals that the activities of internal audit at non-financial enterprises are not clearly regulated, but are advisory in nature. However, the activities of internal audit units in ministries, central executive bodies, their territorial bodies and budgetary institutions are clearly regulated by Article 26 of the Budget Code of Ukraine, the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine dated 04.10.2011, No. 1247 «On Approval of Internal Audit Standards» (as amended) and a large number of methodological guidelines developed by the above Ministry. As a result, it is concluded that the regulatory framework on the issues of methodological and organizational provision of internal audit at these enterprises has not been elaborated yet, which may distort and provide an unreliable assessment of the activities of the object of inspection.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Fedorenko O. P.
The Analysis and Audit of Ensuring the Efficient Operations of Network Retail (p. 196 - 205)
The development of network retail creates new business opportunities through the introduction of modern information systems, digitalization of production processes and business, the creation of e-shops and interactive showcases. The aim of the article is to substantiate the priority areas of analysis and audit of the network retailer’s activities, to develop proposals for a balanced system of indicators of analysis of the network retailer’s activities. The information basis of the present study is the normative legal acts of Ukraine on the implementation of economic activities of enterprises, scientific publications of leading scholars. The study uses general scientific and special research methods: induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, dialectical method – when identifying the essence of the category of «retail»; horizontal analysis, comparison – when assessing the market of network retailer in Ukraine; abstraction, generalization, systemic, functional – in the development of a balanced scorecard for analyzing the activities of network retail. According to the results of the study, the views of scientists on the concept of «network retail» are considered; the features and differences of interpretations of the categories of «retail» and «retail trade» are indicated; the main indicators of diagnostics of the network retailer’s activities have been determined, and a balanced system of indicators for analyzing the activities of the network retail has been proposed. The activities of the network retail require some quality and comprehensive analysis and audit in order to strengthen its position in the market, its stable situation in a dynamic and powerful competitive environment. Therefore, business owners, executives, senior managers, potential investors and business partners should pay considerable attention to this in order to manage business and finance and further increase profitability.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №10-2023

Kryvoruchko M. Y.
On the Problem of Defining the Essence of the Concept of «Public Interest» in the Context of the Ethical Component of the Work of Accountants and Auditors (p. 253 - 258)
The article is devoted to the study of the essence of the concept of «public interest» in the context of the ethical component of the work of accountants and auditors. In the process of preparing the article, such general scientific methods as generalization, analysis, synthesis, tabular, and monographic methods were used. According to the results of the study, it is found that the central place in the professional ethics of an accountant and auditor is occupied by the concept of «public interest». The International Federation of Accountants formulates the purpose of its activities as service to the public interest, which is defined as net benefit and procedural rigor in the public interest (in the broad sense) in relation to actions, decisions, and policies. It is defined that public interest is a multidimensional and multi-level concept that covers a wide range of stakeholders (this is the manifestation of the «publicity» of interest), also the values, aspirations, and expectations of stakeholders to increase the level of economic certainty, preserve the economic resources of owners, increase the level of efficiency of corporate governance in the public sphere, and preserve natural resources. The article focuses on the consideration that the issue of determining the essence of public interest remains insufficiently studied. The Law of Ukraine «On Accounting and Financial Reporting in Ukraine» does not define the concept of «public interest», but there is a distinction between the categories of enterprises that are of public interest. Such enterprises are subject to increased requirements for disclosure of reporting and proving its reliability. Contemporary studies of the results of activities of public interest enterprises allow us to assert that there are problems with the efficiency of the use of resources, compliance with legislation in the field of accounting and reporting. These problems are of particular relevance in the light of the fact that enterprises of public interest constitute the core of the economic development of the national economy. The directions of further scientific research are outlined, i. e. the analysis of the reflection of public interest in the reporting of the relevant category of enterprises in various sectors of economic activity, organizational and legal forms and different forms of ownership.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Chernetska O. V., Karnaukh S. D.
Accounting Support for the Process of Providing IT Services at the Enterprise (p. 259 - 264)
The aim of the article is the scientific substantiation of theoretical provisions and the development of practical recommendations for the optimal accounting support of the process of providing IT services at the enterprise. The article analyzes the views of scholars on the relevance of the process of providing IT services at the enterprise in the context of digitalization of business processes, the vectors of their scientific research in accounting for the IT industry are presented. The types of IT services that can be provided by IT entrepreneurship entities are listed. The characteristic features of IT service as an object of accounting are generalized. It is emphasized that the specific features of IT services require high-quality documentation and accounting support. The article underlines variety of IT services, which is reflected in the relevant methodological aspects and the procedure for displaying information in accounting accounts. The documentary support of the process of providing IT services on the terms of trust between the subject of IT entrepreneurship and customers of IT services is generalized. Emphasis is placed on the possibilities of cooperation between an IT company under civil law contracts with individuals and under gig contracts with residents of Diia.City. Options for organizing the accounting support of the process of providing IT services are provided. The peculiarities of reflection in the accounting accounts of the provision of various types of IT services, including the IT product as a comprehensive set of services and IT outsourcing, are outlined. The need to fix the transfer of ownership of an intangible asset in the case of providing a comprehensive set of IT services and creating an IT product is emphasized. It is summarized that the organization of accounting support for the process of providing IT services can be ensured in different ways, taking into view the needs of the IT entrepreneur and the possibility of optimizing the tax burden. As a direction for further research, the need to develop ways to optimize the tax burden of IT entrepreneurship entities is outlined.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Maistrenko A. S., Nazarova K. O., Lusta A. A.
Mission and Socioeconomic Potential of the Company’s Anti-Corruption Audit in the Context of European Integration (p. 265 - 269)
Anti-corruption audit is an important tool in the current conditions, especially for companies operating in the context of European integration. The mission of anti-corruption audit in this context is to ensure compliance with transparency, ethics and rules of business conduct in conditions where corruption can cause negative consequences both for the company itself and for society as a whole. Anti-corruption audit is becoming a necessary element of the strategy for companies. It contributes to the creation of an honest and open business environment, which has a positive impact on the company’s relations with international partners. It also helps to make the business more competitive, maintain the trust of partners, investors and consumers, promotes socioeconomic development both at the company level and at the national level. The implementation of anti-corruption practices and measures has a direct impact on the investment climate, the competitiveness of enterprises, public trust, and the overall level of economic development. Achieving optimal results requires a system approach and active support from the company’s management or government. It is important to develop a clear anti-corruption policy, conduct education and training for staff, create a system of control and monitoring, and publicly disclose information about anti-corruption measures. This will help create a sustainable and ethical business environment, contribute to further development and integration into the European economy, foster the socioeconomic development of our country. Prospects for further research in this direction are: analysis of the efficiency of anti-corruption measures; research on how anti-corruption audit interacts with other aspects of European integration, such as reforms in the judiciary, human rights and legal reform; study of public attitudes towards anti-corruption measures and their impact on public opinion.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Ponomarova T. V., Striliana Y. O.
Ways to Improve Accounting for Funds at a Trading Enterprise (p. 270 - 275)
The aim of the article is to study the main issues of accounting for funds at a trade enterprise. The relevance of the study of this topic is proved by the main theses. It is impossible to imagine the functioning of the country’s economic system without the development of entrepreneurship, because business entities perform a number of important functions, namely: providing new jobs, creating goods and services, filling the State budget and increasing GDP. Money accompanies almost every stage of business activity: from the purchase of materials and raw materials to the receipt of funds for the created and sold products. Many scholars have been engaged in the study of the problems of accounting for funds at the enterprise, but now the development of our country’s economy is undergoing sharp changes, which leads to changes in tax legislation and the emergence of new problematic issues in accounting. That is why, in our opinion, the study of the organization of funds accounting plays an important role. According to NAS 1, funds (money) are cash, funds in bank accounts and demand deposits; funds equivalents are short-term highly liquid financial investments that are freely convertible into certain amounts of money and are characterized by an insignificant risk of changes in value. Funds are classified by: form of existence, currency valuation, purpose, place of storage and source of income. According to the form of existence, cash and non-cash payments are distinguished, by currency valuation – national and foreign currency; by purpose – current, special, and targeted; by the place of storage – at the cash desk of the company or on an account in a banking institution; by source of income – own, risen, and borrowed. Understanding the nature of the classification of funds, it is possible to distinguish the following difficulties in the process of organizing the accounting: lack of primary documents, arithmetic errors, facts of misuse of funds issued for accounting, difficulties when working with the registrar of settlement transactions. The authors propose certain solutions, such as: increasing the classification of personnel, introducing an electronic document management system, creating a workflow schedule, using the appropriate software when using the company’s funds register and creating an internal audit service at the enterprise in parallel with the external independent audit. All this, in our opinion, makes it possible to effectively organize the accounting process at the enterprise, rationally distribute the existing responsibilities among employees, increase the solvency and liquidity of the business.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №12-2023

Yevdokymenko V. K., Shterma T. V., Roshko N. B.
The Accounting, Control, and Analytical Provision of the Management of Business Activity of an Economic Entity (p. 254 - 262)
The aim of the article is to study and substantiate approaches to the formation of information provision of business activity management by dividing it into the accounting, control and analytical components, allocating in their structure the main elements that will provide the possibility of forming relevant and reliable data to assess the key indicators of development of an economic entity. The article substantiates the effective and evaluative content of business activity, the possibility of its assessment with the help of both quantitative and qualitative indicators that characterize the main aspects of financial and economic activity and indicate its strengths and weaknesses, potential opportunities and threats in achieving the set development goals. The necessity of an individual approach to the identification of indicators of business activity has been proved, which is associated with the need to take into account the factors of the type and extent of activity, the stage of the life cycle, investment attractiveness, the specifics of the production programs being implemented, the volume of investments, the chosen strategy, management model, etc. The need to prepare rational information provision for assessing the level of business activity, which is formed on the basis of accounting data, carrying out control measures, and applying analytical procedures, has been determined. It is defined that each of the components of information provision of the management of business activity of an economic entity should be considered independently, and the organization of their functioning should be carried out within the framework of maximum ensuring the reliability of the initial data and compliance with the specifics of the economic operations performed. It is substantiated that the adaptation of the accounting, control and analytical provision to the tasks of business activity management will ensure the formation of a relevant information response to the requests of managerial staff.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Korol S. Y., Chuienkov A. A.
Identification and Classification of Business Value Creation Factors (p. 262 - 271)
A reliable assessment of the value of a business and its ability to create, preserve, and lose value depends on identifying the factors that affect it. The factors are determined taking into account the interests of financial capital providers and the ability to increase the investment attractiveness of the enterprise. The relevance of the study is due to the need to identify key factors in the context of integrated reporting. That is, there is a need to determine what key factors are of interest to financial capital providers, have an impact on the cost of capital and the total value of the enterprise. The aim of the article is to analyze approaches in scientific publications to the classification of business value creation factors as a basis for their identification and monitoring. The following methods were used in the course of the study: analysis and synthesis; comparison; systematization; deduction. During the study, approaches to the classification of value creation factors used by domestic and foreign scientists were analyzed, as well as approaches to classification, which are provided by the International Framework for Integrated Reporting. It is found that the vast majority of scholars distinguish the factors of both the internal and external environment. Upon closer examination, it is found that there are differences in their understanding. In addition, it is found that the International Framework for Integrated Reporting focuses on external factors that are not controlled by the enterprise. As a result of the study, a system of approaches to the classification of factors of business value creation has been developed using such features as: place of occurrence of the factor; method of impact; the ability to control (manage) the impact; the time of manifestation of the factor; duration of impact; degree of dependence on other factors; consequences (nature) of the impact and materiality of the impact. In practice, the application of the proposed system of classification of business value creation factors in any case will help to identify and define the key factors that have a significant impact on the cost of capital and the value of the enterprise as a whole. In addition, it will allow the enterprise to assess the likelihood of a risk of reduction and the possibility of increasing the value of the business, the scale of such changes; identify the specific circumstances that may lead to the materialization of the risk or the exploitation of the opportunity; take appropriate measures and develop targets to monitor the impact of key factors on business value.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Karpushenko M. Y., Karpushenko O. O.
The Features of Budgeting in IT Companies (p. 271 - 277)
Budgeting plays an important role in managing the finances of an IT company, as it allows you to plan and control costs, make informed financial decisions, and achieve your goals. The purpose of the study is to consider the features and problems faced by an IT company during budgeting, and to develop proposals for improving the budgeting process. The article draws attention to the consideration that budgeting is a tool for planning, control, optimization, forecasting, and ensuring financial stability. It is determined that budgeting can be an important tool for making strategic decisions, assessing risks and identifying opportunities for growth and development. The need to take into account the changing technological environment and rapid changes in the market when developing budgets is emphasized. Improvement includes operating with up-to-date and reliable data for the most accurate and reliable calculations and forecasts. To do this, it is proposed to analyze large amounts of data, which allows you to obtain more accurate information forecasts and predict changes in the market. It is also proposed to conduct customer analysis – this allows you to study the characteristics of demand for more accurate revenue forecasting and the development of marketing strategies to attract new customers. Regular analysis of performance indicators and updating budgets involves flexible budgeting, which includes adjusting and revising budgets as needed. Under current conditions of uncertainty, it is proposed to develop budgets from scratch, which will avoid the negative phenomena of previous periods and take into account the prospects associated with the current period. Aligning with the company’s development strategy and integrating the strategic plan with the budget process allows management and teams to work towards common goals and resources.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №1-2024

Panasyuk V. M., Melnychuk I. V., Ometsinska I. Y.
Accounting and Taxation in Internet Business: Development Prospects and Challenges (p. 258 - 266)
Complex economic relationships have a significant impact on consumer opportunities. When using the services of enterprises operating in the field of e-commerce, buyers get the opportunity to save money through more affordable prices and the opportunity to compare the cost of goods, choosing the most profitable ones. This allows them to save time as well, as they can shop from the comfort of their homes, choose the most convenient method of payment and delivery. The Internet opens the market, expands its geography and increases the competition of goods, does not set any restrictions except for access to the network. The article is devoted to the analysis of features of accounting and taxation system in modern Internet business. The impact of digital transformation on accounting and taxation is considered, taking into account the dynamic nature of this sector of the economy. An overview of the current challenges of Internet business in the context of accounting, including the issues of taxation of e-commerce and activities in the online environment, is proposed. In the article, trade in the field of e-business is considered as an object of accounting. An algorithm for conducting trade on the Internet and accounting for settlements with buyers, determining income and financial result is provided. Modern methods of payment for goods are outlined. The methods of reflection in the cost structure of operations related to the creation of a website, the use of a domain and the receipt of hosting services are analyzed. It is proposed to include in the initial cost of intangible assets the costs of website development and domain prolongation, and to reflect the hosting operation as part of sales costs. The rules for the use of cash registers in conducting business transactions in e-commerce, as well as individual cases in which it is not necessary to use cash registers in online stores, are considered. The problematic aspects of normative regulation and accounting of transactions related to e-commerce are highlighted. Recommendations have been developed that can improve taxation in the field of e-commerce – they provide for the improvement of tax administration for entities engaged in e-business.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Maistrenko A. S., Nazarova K. O.
Anti-Corruption Audit: Definition, Invariance of Approaches and Development Foresight (p. 267 - 272)
The aim of the article is to define the concept of anti-corruption audit, taking into account the invariance of the approaches of different scholars, and to present a forecast for its further development. Ukraine is confidently moving in the European integration direction, so the issue of economic security of our country is crucial, and it is the anti-corruption audit that contributes to the identification, prevention and elimination of corruption risks and practices, verification of compliance with the requirements of national and international legislation in the field of prevention of corruption, and the formation of a culture of rejection of corruption. The article substantiates the need to introduce a single, generally accepted definition of this concept and the introduction of anti-corruption audit in all areas of business and at all levels in government agencies, which will create obstacles to bribery and fraudulent actions of business or government representatives and will help significantly reduce the level of corruption in our country. Thus, it will contribute to the improvement of the investment climate, increase the confidence of foreign investors and the level of economic security of the country. The necessity of introducing additional opportunities to combat corruption, a system of control measures to counter corruption, and the implementation of audit procedures to assess the corruption risks of business processes is also substantiated. The authors emphasize that, despite the fairly wide application of this concept in the business environment and in the public sector, there is no single definition of the concept of «anti-corruption audit», as well as an understanding of the peculiarities of the methodology of its implementation. As a result of the study, an analysis of the existing definitions, their comparison and generalization has been carried out, and the introduction of an improved unified definition of the concept of «anti-corruption audit» has been proposed. It is proved that a systematic increase in the level of public consciousness, ensuring transparency and simplification of business procedures, increasing the efficiency of economic mechanisms of State supervision, control over entrepreneurial activity and the introduction of mandatory anti-corruption audit of companies will allow the country to significantly reduce corruption and minimize the shadow economy in our country.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Lukanovska I. R.
Features of Blockchain Technology and the Possibility of Its Application in Auditing (p. 273 - 278)
The article examines the history of the emergence of blockchain technology in order to understand its widespread implementation in many areas of modern human activity. It is defined that blockchain technology can be used to create an immutable or perpetual ledger for tracking orders, payments, invoices and other transactions. Thus, the researched technology is suitable for use in the field of finance and accounting. At its core, blockchain represents a type of distributed ledger technology, which is based on a token as an accounting object. This opens up opportunities for faster and more efficient financial transactions, as well as for the creation of new types of financial instruments. As a result of the study, the features of this innovative technology are revealed, namely: decentralization and immutability of data. The widespread use of blockchain technology in various fields has not bypassed auditing. In accounting and auditing, blockchain can serve as the basis for decentralized accounting systems, where every transaction is recorded and stored in on-chain blocks, ensuring that they are immutable and consistent. This can facilitate auditing, promote accounting accuracy, and provide greater transparency in financial operations. It is substantiated that the introduction of blockchain technology by auditing entities has a number of advantages and risks, which are described in the presented methodological study. Prospects for further research in this direction are to determine the efficiency of the use of the latest information technologies in the work of auditing entities and assess the potential risks that can arise in the auditing process.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Khomka V. M., Hrytsak O. S., Klym N. M.
Features of Accounting, Reporting and Taxation of Economic Entities in the Hospitality Sector (p. 279 - 285)
The aim of the article is to study the theoretical and practical issues regarding the procedure, in accordance with the current regulatory framework, for determining economic entities that carry out activities in the field of services for the accommodation of persons for short-term temporary residence. The economic entities that are tax agents for the payment of tourist tax have been identified, as well as the possibility of expanding the base of taxation with tourist tax for a separate category of economic entities involved in the accommodation of persons for temporary short-term residence, through the introduction of licensing of certain types of activities, has been substantiated. The main aspects and systems of taxation of economic entities related to the hotel and restaurant business are emphasized, including the use of the preferential regime of taxation of services by value added tax. The problematic issues of the organization of accounting and control over the payment of excise duty in the implementation of the sale of alcoholic beverages are identified and the main aspects and features for ensuring control over its implementation in multicomponent alcoholic beverages are emphasized to prevent the imposition of financial sanctions by the tax authorities when they carry out control measures. The expediency of using electronic accounting devices in the sale of excisable products with the possibility of its classification by type and volume has been determined. The main directions and procedure for reflecting in the accounting of incomes related to the accommodation of persons for temporary residence and the provision of related services during their residence are studied. It is proposed to improve the existing forms of primary registration of persons who temporarily rent housing, as well as to expand their use for economic entities, i. e. individuals who provide temporary accommodation services for short-term residence.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Fedorov I. O., Hordopolov V. Y.
Peculiarities of the Accounting and Analytical Support of Investment Audit (p. 286 - 291)
Accounting and analytical support occupies one of the main places in the system of investment audit of enterprises, the implementation of which contributes to strengthening the investment potential, strengthening the competitiveness and social status of enterprises of public interest, improving business conditions and creating potential for increasing the profitability of manufactured products. The purpose of the article is to analyze the state of accounting and analytical support of investment audit of enterprises of public interest, as well as to establish the further vector of its development. The article summarizes the state and development strategy of the investment audit of public interest enterprises. The content of accounting and analytical support of investment audit and the directions of further development are disclosed, the views of scientists on the development of the subject area of knowledge and practical activity are systematized. The concept of "accounting and analytical support of investment audit" is substantiated, its purpose and tasks are determined. Its main elements are formulated and we offer approaches to improving the methodology according to the stages of conducting an investment audit of the activities of enterprises of public interest. Accounting and analytical support for investment audit is an information system that includes the accounting, analytical and control subsystems, the purpose of which is to provide the auditor, stakeholders and investors with high-quality and timely economic information for making informed decisions and ensuring the conduct of a high-quality investment audit.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №2-2024

Shavrina Y. V., Sliunina T. L.
Accounting for Charitable and Humanitarian Aid in Budgetary Institutions in Ukraine (p. 176 - 183)
The article examines and systematizes the order and features of accounting for charitable and humanitarian aid in budgetary institutions of Ukraine. First of all, the essence of charitable assistance and its difference from humanitarian aid were studied, the key characteristics of each type of such assistance were provided with reference to the legislation of Ukraine. The normative and legal regulation of accounting for charitable and humanitarian aid is considered. The procedure for documenting and reflecting in the accounting of a State-based institution the procedure for receiving and using charitable and humanitarian aid is provided. The forms in which charitable and humanitarian assistance can be provided, in particular in the form of cash, tangible assets, such as stocks or fixed assets (reflecting depreciation deductions for received fixed assets), as well as in the form of works and services, are considered. For each form of charitable and humanitarian aid, appropriate accounting entries are provided, used to reflection in the accounting of a budgetary institution. Such correspondences are presented in accordance with the chart of accounts of budgetary institutions, which is currently used in budgetary institutions of Ukraine. The features of the preparation of accompanying documentation for the procedure for transferring and receiving charitable and humanitarian aid are also described. Based on the results of the study, information on the process of accounting for charitable and humanitarian aid is systematized. The importance and relevance of accounting in the receipt or use of charitable and humanitarian aid and its proper documentary support are also described. Emphasis is placed on the importance of such accounting in today’s conditions in which Ukraine finds itself, as well as on the importance of improvement of such accounting.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №4-2024

Matros O. M., Mykhailovyna S. O., Ratushna O. P., Polishchuk O. M.
Efficient Accounting for Individual Entrepreneurs: The Strategies and Prospects in the Modern Business Environment (p. 163 - 170)
This article examines the importance of proper financial accounting for individual entrepreneurs and highlights the need to adapt the legal and tax environment to the needs of this specific category of business. Accounting for individual entrepreneurship consists of accounting for income and accounting for goods, which include services provided or the sale of goods. The mandatory details of primary documents required for the correct accounting of individual entrepreneurs in accordance with the Law of Ukraine «On Accounting and Financial Reporting in Ukraine» are considered. The features of compiling and signing primary documents, which can be created both in paper and electronic form, are allocated. Additional details are also considered, which may be included depending on the nature of the business operation and the requirements of the law. In the context of modern technologies, an overview of the electronic exchange of documents and the requirements for electronic signatures for their recognition is also provided. The issue of insignificant deficiencies in documents containing information on business operations and their impact on the recognition of such operations is studied. Deficiencies that do not interfere with the identification of the participants in the operation and contain important details, such as the date of preparation, the name of the enterprise, etc., are not considered grounds for non-recognition of the operation. It is underlined that each situation will be checked individually by the supervisory authority, so it is recommended to carefully monitor the availability and accuracy of all details of the document. In particular, minor deficiencies are considered on the example of an invoice, pointing out those details, the absence of which is a minor drawback. The article examines in detail the accounting of incomes of individual entrepreneurs and identifies its important aspects. The authors focus on the fact that income accounting can be carried out in any form, but specify that individual entrepreneurs are subject to financial responsibility for failure to ensure the safekeeping of primary documents.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Izmailov Y. O., Moroziuk O. O.
Improvement of Accounting and Taxation of Enhancements and Repairs of Non-Current Assets for the Innovative Development of Ukrainian Enterprises (p. 171 - 177)
The aim of the article is to identify the problems and prospects of accounting and taxation of improvement of non-current assets for innovative development of enterprises. It is substantiated that during hostilities and overcoming the economic crisis, enterprises of Ukraine try to more rationally approach the costs associated with the reproduction of non-current assets, observing the necessary technical and technological conditions for the production of competitive products by directing funds mainly to improve non-current assets, which requires much lower costs compared to the acquisition or creation of new objects. After all, on the volume, purpose and effectiveness of investments depend the innovative and technical equipment, financial condition of the enterprise, quality standards and updating the range of products, infrastructure development, solving social and environmental problems, etc. The main problems and prospects for improving accounting and taxation in terms of improving non-current assets have been defined. The national and foreign features of accounting and taxation, improvement of non-current assets are systematized and substantiated. It is substantiated that, in comparison with the acquisition or creation of new objects of non-current assets, improvement requires much smaller investments and is able to increase the efficiency of an economic entity in a relatively short time and relatively small funds. For the rational organization of document circulation on the example of an industrial enterprise, an optimal scheme of interconnection between departments that provide document flows of primary accounting information on the improvement of non-current assets has been developed. An improvement of non-current assets is recommended to include: modernization; modification; technical re-equipment; maintenance; completion (superstructure); replacement of individual parts of equipment; introduction of a more efficient technological process; retrofitting; technical inspection; reconstruction; complete overhaul; other types of improvement of non-current assets. It is determined that the cost of works that lead to an increase in the expected future benefits from the object of non-current assets is included in capital investments with a future increase in the initial cost of these non-current assets. Expenses incurred to maintain the object in working condition and to obtain the initially determined amount of future economic benefits from its use (technical inspection, maintenance, repair, etc.) should be included in the expenses of the reporting period. The presented problems and proposals for accounting and taxation of improvement of non-current assets create the basis for further research in the direction of improving the methodology and organization of analysis of non-current assets of enterprises.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №5-2024

Portovaras T. R., Lukanovska I. R.
Evaluation of Software Products for the Needs of Analysis and Audit of the Activities of an Economic Entity (p. 227 - 235)
The article carries out a critical evaluation of the characteristics of the main software products for the needs of analysis and audit of the activities of economic entities. Taking into account the identified specific features will allow responsible employees to quickly monitor the programs available on the market for their compliance with the needs of the economic entity and its management system. It is proved that taking into account the user’s requests will allow promptly, objectively, quickly and instantly respond to the existing challenges of the market environment with the help of correctly selected software. The scheme of interrelations of the components of the modernized system of managerial decision-making with the use of software products is generalized and the expediency of their use in the management process is substantiated. The proposed system of managerial decision-making with the use of software products determines new vectors of development of audit and analytical activities of the economic entity. It is noted that the purpose of software products of analysis and audit is the automation of complex and labor-consuming technical processes, which are important in the process of evaluating the activities of the economic entity. It is proved that the use of computer software in the process of activity will allow to effectively conduct analysis and audit and determine the directions of development of economic entities, taking into account modern challenges and objectives of economic management. An approach to the selection of the most adapted to the requirements of a particular economic entity software product for analysis and audit on the basis of taking into account the proposed standard criteria has been elaborated. This will enable the prompt selection of the software product in accordance with the needs of the management. Prospect for further research will be the study of potential risks in the use of software products in the economic activity of the economic entity and the identification of the principles and objectives of the development of software products that would take into account external factors of influence in the process of evaluating the activities of the economic entity, which will allow more accurate development of strategic plans of activity and effective functioning in the long run.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Melnychuk I. V., Frytskyi V. I., Dubchak O. I.
The Role of Accounting and Reporting in the System of Management of Economic Security of Enterprise in Crisis Conditions (p. 236 - 243)
The role of accounting and reporting in the enterprise management system is extremely relevant in the context of martial law and special rules for accounting and disclosure in Ukraine. The accounting and reporting system has changed with the adoption of a number of regulations to regulate accounting, accounting recovery procedures, preparation and submission of financial statements for the period of martial law or state of war, as well as special requirements for accounting and reporting after the termination or abolition of martial law. The aim of the article is to study the existing problems and substantiate the prospects for the development of accounting and reporting as the main tool of the system for managing the economic security of enterprise in crisis conditions. Researching, systematizing and summarizing the scientific works of many scientists, practical approaches to the organization of accounting have been identified, including the methods of reporting under martial law in order to ensure the economic security of Ukrainian enterprises. As result of the study, scientific-theoretical and methodological approaches to the development of accounting and reporting in crisis conditions have been substantiated, namely, new directions for improving accounting methods and principles that determine the paradigm of the economic security management system under martial law, as well as taking into account current global trends in the prospects and development of accounting, based on the application of provisions of international standards that have an impact on the development of a unified accounting and information system. Proposals are made on the procedure for reflecting information in the accounting and reporting of financial indicators under the influence of emergency events related to the imposition of martial law in Ukraine, the methodology is substantiated and the procedure for disclosure of the main financial indicators in the reporting is proposed, taking into account the principles of continuity and consistency in accordance with the requirements of NAS and IFRS.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Kopotiienko T. Y., Pavlov V. V., Shyrchenko B. S., Lysyi V. I.
Use of Analysis and Control Methods in Due Diligence (p. 243 - 251)
Intensification of market processes in the part of attracting foreign investment, conducting mergers and acquisitions (M&A), restructuring of enterprises and expansion of their activities determines the importance of providing potential investors with high-quality information support for making strategic managerial decisions. A contemporary instrument for a comprehensive due diligence of the company’s activities is the audit service of «due diligence». The absent standardization and the lack of legal regulation of due diligence necessitated the improvement of the methodological instruments of this service. Based on this, it is expedient to use modern methods of analysis and control, which will allow not only to assess risks, but also to take preventive measures to minimize them. The aim of the article is to substantiate the content of «due diligence» and improve the methodological instruments by providing recommendations on the use of methods of analysis and control. The information basis of the present research is the normative legal acts of Ukraine on audit and accounting, scientific publications of scholars. The article applies general scientific and special research methods: induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, horizontal analysis, comparison, and others. Due diligence – as a process of comprehensive preinvestment study – is a crucial element for successful risk management and achieving positive results from concluding an agreement. The dynamics of M&A transactions over the past decades in the world, as well as the structure of the largest contracts in Ukraine over the past year, are researched. Proposals for improving the methodological support for conducting the main types of due diligence based on the use of methods of analysis and control have been developed.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Lytvynchuk D. P.
Features of the Formation of the Self-Cost of Services of Consulting Companies (p. 251 - 257)
Recently, taking into account the instability of the world economy, we can state a constant increase in global demand for consulting services both in the countries of the European Union and in Ukraine. The economy of Ukraine today is in an extremely difficult situation due to the military invasion of the russian federation, but at the same time, unique opportunities are being formed for the implementation of accounting transformations of enterprises with the help of high-quality consulting, which contributes to the approximation of national business to international standards. The aim of the study is to determine the features of the provision of consulting services as an object of accounting and the formation of their self-cost. Today, the consulting industry covers a wide range of services focused on various business processes of customers, while creating a single type of business, the basis of which is intellectual capital. Consulting mainly operates in the B2B segment, where consumer behavior is determined by the specifics of the industrial market and industry development trends. The main feature of the consulting market is the uniqueness of the consulting service as an intellectual product that remains at the disposal of the client after the completion of cooperation, and which should be considered as an intangible asset. It is the duty of consulting service providers to form the self-cost of these services. However, the lack of industry recommendations and guidelines complicates the process of calculating the self-cost of consulting services. The need to develop a clear, unified and normatively approved standard, which will significantly simplify accounting procedures and improve the quality and accuracy of relevant calculations, is indicated. A brief description of the structure of the production cost of consulting services has been carried out and the costs that have the greatest impact on the formation of the self-cost of these services have been considered. It is determined that the war in Ukraine has caused an increase in the cost of consulting services.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №6-2024

Portovaras T. R.
Reporting of Economic Entities as a Source of Analysis and Management Tool (p. 293 - 300)
The article summarizes the results of the study of the modern specifics of reporting of an economic entity and its types in the context of consideration as a source of analysis and management needs. An analysis of modern types of reporting from the standpoint of their essence, purpose, brief overview of indicators and interconnectedness of data on the activities of an economic entity is carried out. Attention is focused on transformational changes in economic emphasis and the development of sustainability reporting and taking into account strategic prospects. This made it possible to substantiate the conclusion about the growing role of reporting in increasing the level of development and competitiveness of enterprise. It is argued that a comprehensive analysis of reporting provides a wider range of indicators for managerial decision-making, which allows making more reasonable and high-quality managerial decisions on activities and determining directions for improving the processes taking place in the enterprise. The principles of formation and the principles of selection of types of reporting of economic entities necessary for management, in accordance with the objectives and requests of the management system in modern conditions, are determined. A structural-logical scheme of the relationship between types of reporting and the managerial process has been proposed, which reflects the step-by-step analytical component, as well as the corresponding steering algorithms that are adequate to different levels and types of management. It is proved that the use of information data of all types of reporting will allow to effectively analyze and evaluate, as well as determine the directions of development of an economic entity, taking into account the existing modern challenges. The place of types of reporting in the managerial process of enterprise is determined, which shows their importance in determining new vectors of development of economic entities in an unstable and competitive environment. In the perspective, the relevant direction of research is the development and substantiation of new methodological approaches to the analysis of the reporting of economic entities, argumentation of the composition of analytical indicators and solving the problem of identifying tasks and algorithms for their calculations.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Dutchak I. B., Vasylisnyn S. I., Yatsko M. V.
The Role of Accounting in Risk Management on the Example of Financial Institutions (p. 300 - 307)
The article discusses the role of accounting in identifying and managing risks, in particular on the example of financial institutions. The specifics of financial institutions and their risks, in particular credit, interest, liquidity and market risks, are studied. The article defines the role of accounting in assessing these risks, as well as in managing them through internal control, analysis of financial statements and development of risk management strategies. Specific examples and guidance are provided on how accountants can identify, assess, and minimize risk in financial institutions while ensuring compliance with norms and regulations. The aim of the study is to substantiate the need to involve specialists in the accounting and analytical profile in the process of making effective decisions on risk management of a financial entity. In modern conditions, financial institutions are in an unstable economic, political and technological environment, which leads to a significant increase in uncertainty. This creates a complex set of potential risks that, if mismanaged, can lead to losses, damage, or even destroy the company’s business model and reputation. One of the key competencies of accountants today is the ability to identify potential risks in time to avoid them or effectively manage them. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the disclosure of the expediency of involving accountants in the decision-making process and the development of a policy of integrated risk management of a financial entity in order to preserve its value. It is concluded that a professional accountant is important in risk management for financial institutions and the role of a proactive approach to risk management, in which accountants are key players, is emphasized. It is emphasized that integrated risk management should be considered as an important aspect of modern business, which helps organizations to effectively manage various types of risks, including financial, operational, reputational, etc. This approach allows companies to more accurately analyze, assess, and manage risks, minimizing potential losses and increasing the likelihood of achieving their goals. Integrated risk management involves the implementation of specific strategies, processes, instruments, and systems that are integrated into the company’s overall strategy and business processes. This approach also contributes to increased transparency and improved corporate governance, which in turn increases trust from investors, partners, and customers. In addition, integrated risk management enables companies to be more adaptable to changing market conditions and respond quickly to potential threats and opportunities.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Shavrina Y. V., Sliunina T. L.
Audit of Financial Results of the Enterprise (p. 308 - 314)
The aim of the article is to determine the essence and principles of the audit of the financial results of enterprise, disclosure of its stages and methods of conducting, as well as substantiation of its importance for ensuring the financial stability and efficiency of the enterprise. The article describes the essence, principles, stages and methods of auditing the financial results of the enterprise. The definition of financial results in accordance with the provisions (standards) of accounting is provided and the main components of net profit (loss) are defined, namely, that net profit (loss) is formed during the current financial year from all types of activities in accordance with Accounting Regulations 15 «Income»: the result of the main activity, the result of financial operations, the result of other ordinary activities and the result of extraordinary events. The article examines the methods proposed by various researchers regarding the sequence of the audit of the financial results of the enterprise’s activities; a methodology for conducting an audit, which generalizes research approaches, has been proposed. The proposed methodology for conducting an audit of performance results was divided into four main stages, namely: organizational, preparatory (planning), technological and result stages. For each stage, the procedures that the auditor must follow for a consistent and complete audit are presented and systematized. The proposed method of conducting an audit will contribute to improving the efficiency of the auditor’s work, a clear formulation of problems that arise in accounting, which in the future will minimize the risk of non-detection of accounting errors or fraud, as well as assess the real financial condition of the enterprise and formulate a reasonable and unbiased conclusion based on the results of the conducted audit.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №7-2024

Kuz V. I.
Functioning of the Accounting System in the Context of the Formation of the Information Policy of an Economic Entity (p. 348 - 355)
In order to obtain competitive advantages by an economic entity, there is an urgent need to develop and approve an information policy, which inevitably leads to the need to revise the organizational, technical, methodical and methodological aspects of the functioning of the accounting system of an economic entity as a dominant component of information support for the process of managerial decision-making. The aim of the article is to study and substantiate approaches to the identification of types of information policy, adaptation to its provisions of the organizational, technical, methodical and methodological components of the accounting system of an economic entity. The article identifies a system of principles that should correspond to the process of formation of information policy, substantiates the need to divide it into types in order to form an information model that will correspond to each of them. The influence of the provisions of the information policy on the functioning of the accounting system of an economic entity is determined. The necessity of identification of additional accounting subsystems in order to fulfill the tasks of maximalist and target-based information policy, which make it possible to produce integrated reporting at the final stages of the accounting process, which is a relevant source of data for external users, is substantiated. A theoretical characterization (purpose; principles and requirements; subject of formation; accounting support; form and format; users; reporting period) of the organizational, methodical and methodological components of the process of formation of integrated reporting of an economic entity is provided. The tools for regulating the provisions of the chosen information policy of an economic entity are indicated, which will ensure the mutual coordination of its goals and approaches to information processing.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Bezruchuk S. L., Petryshyn L. P.
Changes in the Quality of Financial Statements During the Wartime (p. 355 - 362)
The aim of the article is to study the impact of martial law on ensuring the quality of accounting information in the context of wartime in order to provide recommendations for its improvement. It is determined that the quality of financial statements increases especially under martial law, but the issues of ensuring the quality of accounting information are not sufficiently resolved both at the theoretical and practical levels. The article analyzes the impact of hostilities on the quality of reporting. A direct analysis of literary sources made it possible to identify the main factors that influenced the quality of accounting information under martial law, namely: the introduction of tax changes; the need to change approaches to the accounting of individual objects; compliance with the principle of caution in the disclosure of information; the danger of losing access to information. The practical impact is investigated by comparing the annual reports for 2022 and 2023. some enterprises in various fields of activity (JSC «Ukrposhta», PJSC «Kyivstar», JSC CB «Privatbank», PJSC «Poltava Mining and Processing Plant», LLC «Silpo-Food»). The most sensitive items to military operations, defined in the Notes to the financial statements of the studied enterprises, are highlighted. It is specified that the impact of wartime is determined by enterprises in different ways, however, strange as it may seem, economic entities pay insufficient attention to this issue, illuminating uncontrolled items in reports or forming general phrases regarding the impact of hostilities on the enterprise, while trying to embellish information that directly affects the quality of the submitted reports, reduces its usefulness for interested users. The relevance of further research on issues related to the assessment of the impact of these indicators on the quality of reporting of enterprises is substantiated.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Izmailov Y. O., Yegorova I. G., Barytskyi R. O.
Digitization and Globalization of the Tax Administration System as a Driver of Innovative Development (p. 363 - 370)
The aim of the article is to identify the problems and prospects of digitization and globalization of services in the tax administration system as components of drivers of innovative development. It is substantiated that under the influence of military operations, internal and external factors, there has been a determination of awareness of the role of the digital economy as a tool for globalization, which defines the choice of such development priorities as investment and innovation cooperation and digitization of social relations at the macro and micro levels. The formation of the information society on the basis of digitization will ensure the subordination of economic growth to the qualitative parameters of social and economic development, because further progress will be determined not so much by the production of goods as by the expanded use of information in the context of digitization. The main problems of digitization and globalization of tax administration in Ukraine are identified and systematized. Among them, the main ones are: the ongoing war, unpredictable changes in government policy, and other risks of long-term digital technology projects; corruption; resistance to change on the part of government officials, employees of the State Tax Service and taxpayers; lack of information work on the benefits of digitization and globalization with taxpayers and the public, as well as specialized training among employees of the State Tax Service; shortage of qualified tax officers, as well as specialists in the field of digital technologies; concentration of taxation not on the identification of reserves for tax incentives, but on the collection of taxes; technological risks of malfunction or failure in new systems, especially in the early stages of their implementation; cybercrime risk; bureaucratic procedures and imperfection of legislation on digital technologies, personal data of citizens and the implementation of international legislation. It is proved that the vector of the strategy for solving the existing problems in tax administration should go through digitization, digitalization and computerization of relations between the State and citizens, taking into account the modern global experience of the developed countries of the world in this area. The strategic priorities that will ensure the development of digitization and globalization of tax administration are presented in a systematized form, which, in turn, will have a positive impact on the innovative development of the country as a whole. It is substantiated that the main ways to ensure the development of digitization and globalization of tax administration are: 1. Improvement of national legislation and implementation of international legislation on digitization and globalization of tax relations. 2. Integration of international standards of digital technologies and ensuring the safety and illegal non-distribution of personal data of citizens. 3. Fighting corruption at all levels of government while restarting the judiciary to protect rights and increase taxpayers’ confidence. 4. Formation of a comprehensible strategy and tactics for the development of digitization and globalization of tax administration, harmonious with systemic international trends. 5. Gradual reduction of the tax burden and creation of a system of computerized independent clear tax control. 6. Building public trust and support, as well as cooperation with international organizations and businesses. 7. Promoting the development of tax and digital culture among citizens, especially children. 8. Clear and balanced reform of the State Tax Service and other regulatory authorities to improve the tax system of Ukraine and ensure the stability of the country’s finances. 9. Formation and implementation of a set of tax incentives to expand business activity. 10. Anti-corruption measures and openness of the work of the State Tax Service. 11. Continuous training and development of the State Tax Service staff. 12. Providing conditions for digitization and digitalization of relations between the State and citizens. The presented problems and proposals of digitization and globalization of the tax administration system create the basis for further research in the direction of improving the methodology and organization of the tax system.

Article is written in Ukrainian

BUSINESS INFORM №8-2024

Patskan Y. V.
Genesis of the Development of Forensic Diagnostics and Audit of the Activities of an Economic Entity (p. 326 - 334)
The aim of the article is to study the determinant of forensic and the genesis of the development of forensic diagnostics and audit of the activities of an economic entity. The article characterizes the scientific international and domestic achievements of scientists, the experience of practical activities of audit firms, as well as analyzes the key aspects of defining the determinant of forensic as a tool for counteracting internal corporate fraud of business entities. An analysis of different opinions and discussions of domestic and foreign scientists on the concept of forensic and its role in the field of accounting and auditing is presented. The statistics of intra-corporate fraud presented in the article requires a careful set of skills and tools to detect fraudulent activities by diagnosing the financial and economic activities of a business entity, as well as losses associated with this fraud, providing evidence in court and assisting the management of the business entity in regulating and preventing fraud. Forensic diagnostics is such a tool, which works effectively in synergy with audit. For the effective application of the determinant of «forensic diagnostics», it is necessary to have a clear understanding of the term in all its specifications, since this research topic is gaining significant relevance in the current realities of the development of the national economy. The importance of the study is determined by the fact that the evolution and development of the determinant of forensic diagnostics should take into account the trends and processes that occur in changes in approaches to the formation of the basis of forensic diagnostics, since it is a key point that forms the basis for ensuring the quality of the final result of the provision of forensic diagnostics services. The genesis and evolution of forensic diagnostics help to define the direction of development of its theory. The control system that is in place in the company is not always effective in the fight against fraud. At the present stage, as practice shows, the existing control systems are weak in detecting, countering and preventing fraudulent activities. Certain types of fraud only continue to develop owing to technological progress, and employees of various companies can both accidentally and quite purposefully become a catalyst for an attack against business. And although it is impossible to completely overcome fraud, it is vital to investigate, detect and prevent fraud. To build a stable and reliable system that would detect and prevent fraud, it is important to thoroughly study the genesis of forensic development. As a result of the study, an innovative direction of the dual combination of forensic diagnostics and audit of economic entities is allocated, which is aimed at identifying risks and consequences of actions with signs of deception, fraud and corruption.

Article is written in Ukrainian

Fedorov I. O., Hordopolov V. Y.
The Role of Non-Financial Reporting in an Integrated Approach to Auditing Public Interest Entities (p. 335 - 340)
Modern businesses are increasingly aware of their responsibility to society and the environment. This is driving the development of an integrated approach to auditing that encompasses not only financial but also non-financial aspects of a company's operations. The integration of non-financial reporting into the auditing process of public interest entities is a key element of this process. This article analyzes the role of non-financial reporting in ensuring effective investment auditing and its impact on investment decision-making. The aim of the article is to examine the role of non-financial reporting in the investment auditing process of public interest entities, to determine its impact on the quality of investment decision-making, and to develop recommendations for improving the methodology of conducting such audits. The article analyzes the theoretical foundations and practical aspects of integrating non-financial reporting into the investment auditing process. It identifies the key elements of non-financial reporting that have the greatest impact on investment decision-making. Proposals are developed to improve the methodology of investment auditing, taking into account the requirements for non-financial reporting. It is concluded that the integration of non-financial reporting into the investment auditing process is a necessary condition for ensuring a comprehensive assessment of the activities of public interest entities. It allows investors to make more informed decisions and companies to increase their investment attractiveness. The research conducted confirms that non-financial reporting is an important tool for assessing the long-term sustainability of a business and its impact on society and the environment.

Article is written in Ukrainian

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