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Migration Security in Ukraine: Risks, Threats, and Prospects for Overcoming
Bondarevska K. V.

Bondarevska, Kseniia V. (2024) “Migration Security in Ukraine: Risks, Threats, and Prospects for Overcoming.” Business Inform 8:269–276.
https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2024-8-269-276

Section: Labour economics and social policy

UDC 338.22:331.5

Abstract:
The aim of the article is to identify the risks and threats to migration security in Ukraine under martial law, as well as to develop promising directions for overcoming them, taking into account the realities of today. The article presents the author’s vision of the definitions of the concepts of «migration security», «migration challenges», «migration risks», «migration threats», identifies the characteristic features and differences of migration security, including: coverage of migration security as a component of national security, multi-level, multi-vector migration security and migration policy, the need for constant monitoring and assessment of risks and threats. An analysis of migration trends in the context of wartime realities is carried out, migration risks and threats that affect the economic, social, demographic, and educational spheres are characterized. In particular, these are: a decrease in the birth rate and a deepening of the aging of the population, the risk of deterioration in the qualitative composition of the population (demographic sphere); loss of highly skilled workforce and intellectual potential, departure of young people abroad (educational sphere); loss of labor potential, shortage of labor force in certain types of economic activity and specialties, relocation of business and withdrawal of assets abroad (economic sphere); a drop in the purchasing power of the population in Ukraine and a deterioration in well-being, the risk of a negative impact of immigrants on the national composition of the population of Ukraine and stability in society (social sphere). The priorities of ensuring migration security in Ukraine are substantiated, including: neutralization of negative emigration factors; overcoming immigration challenges; regulation of territorial movements of the population within the country and abroad; combating illegal migration; conducting an effective policy for the protection of Ukrainians abroad; re-emigration of Ukrainians. Promising directions for ensuring migration security in Ukraine are proposed, including: development of comprehensive programs for re-emigration of Ukrainian citizens; attraction of international sources of support; cooperation with international organizations in the field of studying the problem of migration security; improvement of institutional support of migration policy; monitoring of migration processes.

Keywords: migration security, migration risks, migration threats, migration challenges, migration policy, overcoming migration challenges.

Fig.: 3. Tabl.: 1. Bibl.: 11.

Bondarevska Kseniia V. – Doctor of Sciences (Economics), Professor, Professor, Department of Social Security and Tax Policy, University of Customs and Finance (2/4 Volodymyra Vernadskoho Str., Dnipro, 49004, Ukraine)
Email: [email protected]

List of references in article

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Bondarevska, K. V. “Stratehiia zabezpechennia sotsialnoi bezpeky na rynku pratsi Ukrainy“ [The Strategy of Ensuring Social Security in the Labor Market of Ukraine]: dys. … d-ra ekon. nauk : 08.00.07, 2021.
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“Ukrainian Refugee Situation“. Operational Data Portal. https://data.unhcr.org/en/situations/ukraine
Miroshnychenko, B. “Kaminnyi khrest na demohrafii. Skilky liudei vtratyt Ukraina ta yak zupynyty mihratsiiu“ [Stone Cross on Demography. How Many People Will Ukraine Lose and How to Stop Migration]. Ekonomichna pravda. June 24, 2022. https://www.epravda.com.ua/publications/2022/06/24/688509/
“Kilkist ukraintsiv ta yikh mihratsiia za kordon cherez viinu“ [The Number of Ukrainians and Their Migration Abroad Due to the War]. Ukrinform. July 06, 2023. https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-ato/3732355-kilkist-ukrainciv-ta-ih-migracia-za-kordon-cerez-vijnu.html
“Millions Assisted, Millions More Still in Need Two Years into Ukraine War, Says IOM“. IOM. February 22, 2024. https://www.iom.int/news/millions-assisted-millions-more-still-need-two-years-ukraine-war-says-iom
Vinokurov, Ya. “Ukrainski mihranty pidiimaiut ekonomiku Yevropy. Shcho bude z Ukrainoiu bez nykh?“ [Ukrainian Migrants are Boosting the European Economy. What Will Happen to Ukraine Without Them?]. Ekonomichna pravda. January 10, 2023. https://www.epravda.com.ua/publications/2023/01/10/695807/
“Derzhavna mihratsiina sluzhba Ukrainy. Statystychni dani“ [State Migration Service of Ukraine. Statistical Data]. https://dmsu.gov.ua/diyalnist/statistichni-dani.html
Lytvynchuk, O. V., and Yurkivskyi, O. I. “Mihratsiini protsesy v Ukraini: zahrozy v umovakh rosiisko-ukrainskoi viiny“ [Migration Processes in Ukraine: Threats in the Conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian War]. Ekonomika, upravlinnia ta administruvannia, no. 2 (2023): 71-78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26642/jen-2023-2(104)-71-78
Bondarevska, K. V. “Mihratsiina bezpeka ta perspektyvy yii zabezpechennia v Ukraini“ [Migration Security and Prospects for Its Provision in Ukraine]. Mizhnarodna ta natsionalna bezpeka: teoretychni i prykladni aspekty, part I. Dnipro, 2024. 77-80. DOI: 10.31733/15-03-2024/1/77-80

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