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Changes in the Demographic Situation in Ukraine During the Wartime and Their Impact on Social Policy
Khoroshev M. І.

Khoroshev, Maksym І. (2024) “Changes in the Demographic Situation in Ukraine During the Wartime and Their Impact on Social Policy.” Business Inform 8:259–269.
https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2024-8-259-269

Section: Labour economics and social policy

Article is written in Ukrainian
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UDC 314

Abstract:
The article examines the profound and complex demographic changes that are taking place in Ukraine as a result of the full-scale war that began in February 2022. The study focuses on four main aspects of demographic processes: birth rate, mortality rate, migration and population structure. Each of these aspects is analyzed from the point of view of the impact of the war on their dynamics and long-term consequences for the socioeconomic development of the country. In particular, the author focuses on a significant decrease in the birth rate, which is the result of the complex impact of economic uncertainty, psychological stress, deterioration of living conditions and destruction of key infrastructure facilities. As for mortality rate, the article emphasizes that its increase is primarily due to the direct consequences of hostilities, such as the deaths of civilians and soldiers. The economic instability caused by the war is forcing many families to postpone having children, leading to a deepening demographic crisis that began even before the war. Migration processes have become one of the most tangible demographic consequences of the war. The forced evacuation of the population, both internal and international, has significantly changed the demographic map of the country. Mass migration of young people and the working-age population, on the one hand, weakens the economic potential of Ukraine, and on the other hand, creates significant challenges for countries hosting refugees. The article examines not only quantitative, but also qualitative changes that occur as a result of the displacement of a significant part of the population. Changes in population structure are another important aspect explored in the article. The loss of a young and able-bodied population, the aging of the nation, and the change in the gender and age structure of the population can have long-term negative consequences for the future development of the country. The author underlines that without proper State policy aimed at the return of refugees, stimulating the birth rate and improving living conditions, these changes can lead to further deterioration of the socioeconomic situation. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to solving the demographic challenges caused by the war and the importance of developing effective strategies to ensure the social and economic stability of Ukraine in the context of post-war recovery. This approach includes creating conditions for the return of refugees, supporting economic activity, investing in the restoration of destroyed regions, as well as developing social policies that take into account new demographic realities.

Keywords: demographic changes, birth rate, mortality rate, migration, population structure, war in Ukraine, socioeconomic recovery, post-war period.

Fig.: 2. Tabl.: 3. Bibl.: 41.

Khoroshev Maksym І. – Postgraduate Student, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (4 Svobody Square, Kharkіv, 61022, Ukraine)
Email: [email protected]

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